scholarly journals Effect of Palm Kernel Meal and Malic Acid on Rumen Characteristics of Growing Naemi Lambs Fed Total Mixed Ration

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutassim M. Abdelrahman ◽  
Ibrahim Alhidary ◽  
Hani H. Albaadani ◽  
Mohsen Alobre ◽  
Rifat Ullah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of malic acid and 20% palm kernel meal (PKM) on ruminal characteristics. A total of 32 growing lambs were randomly distributed into control (barley and alfalfa ha), total mixed ration (T1), TMR + 20% PKM (T2), TMR + PKC 20% + 4 mL/day malic acids (T3). Lambs were fed these diets ad libitum for 84 days. The results showed that propionic acid in the rumen fluid increased significantly (p < 0.05) in T1 and T3. Lactic acid concentration of rumen fluid increased significantly (p < 0.05) in T2 while the pH increased significantly. The coloration of rumen and reticulum was improved in T3. In addition, most of the histomorphological features were higher in T3 and T2. We concluded that the addition of malic acid supplementation to lambs fed PKC caused a significant improvement in the rumen pH and decreased lactic acid concentration in growing Naemi lambs.

Production responses of reproducing ewes to a by-product-based diet inoculated with the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oanh T. Le ◽  
Benjamin Schofield ◽  
Peter J. Dart ◽  
Matthew J. Callaghan ◽  
Allan T. Lisle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Sorghum Grain

The potential application of the spore-forming probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 (H57) as a novel probiotic for ruminants was evaluated in reproducing ewes. Performance responses were determined by delivering H57 in a pelleted diet based mainly on palm kernel meal (PKM) and sorghum grain. PKM is an agro-industrial by-product with a reputation for poor palatability and the availability of the starch in sorghum grain can be limited in ruminants. The hypothesis was that H57 improves the feeding value of a relatively low quality concentrate diet. Twenty-four first-parity white Dorper ewes were fed PKM-based pellets manufactured with or without H57 (109 cfu/kg pellet) in late pregnancy. During this phase of late pregnancy, the H57 ewes ate 17% more dry matter (1019 vs 874 g/day, P = 0.03), gained more weight (194 vs 30 g/day, P = 0.008) and retained more nitrogen (6.13 vs 3.34 g/day, P = 0.01), but produced lambs with a similar birthweight (4.1 vs 4.2 kg, P = 0.73). Rumen fluid collected from H57 ewes in late pregnancy had higher pH (7.1 vs 6.8, P = 0.07), acetate : propionate ratio (3.4 vs 2.7, P = 0.04), lower ammonia (69 vs 147 mmol/L, P = 0.001) and total volatile fatty acid concentrations (40 vs 61 mg/L, P = 0.02). The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and fibre were similar between the two groups. The lambs of the H57 ewes grew faster than those of the Control ewes for the first 21 days of lactation (349 vs 272 g/day, P = 0.03), but not thereafter. H57 can improve feed intake and maternal liveweight gain in late pregnancy of first-parity ewes fed a diet based on PKM.

Lactic acidosis and its effect on wool tensile strength

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Murray ◽  
JB Rowe ◽  
EJ Speijers
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Staple Strength

An experiment was conducted to test the effect of the feed additive virginiamycin (VM) on lactic acidosis and wool tensile strength in sheep given wheat. The ground wheat grain was given in a slurry by stomach tube in increasing amounts each day up to a maximum of 1 kg per dose or until rumen pH dropped below 5.20. Sixty mature Merino wethers were all fed wheat chaff ad libitum and given the following treatments: 10 control sheep were only fed the basal diet; 10 were given intra-ruminal doses of VM; 20 sheep were given wheat grain intra-ruminally; and 20 sheep were given wheat grain containing VM. Virginiarnycin was given at a rate equivalent to 80 mg/day. All animals were fed chaff for 83 days prior to and for 120 days following the wheat and VM treatments. Rumen pH and L-lactic acid concentration were measured in all 60 sheep from the day that wheat was first given until 3 days after the last wheat drench. Lactic acidosis, defined by a rumen pH of less than 5.2 and rumen lactic acid concentration of greater than 20 mmol/L, significantly decreased staple strength of wool in sheep given the wheat drenches. Inclusion of VM with the wheat grain significantly increased (P < 0.05) the tensile strength of the wool compared with the effect of wheat on its own. Reduction in wool strength was more closely correlated with a reduction in feed intake in the days following the lactic acidosis than with either rumen pH or the concentration of rumen lactic acid.

scholarly journals Concentrate feeding and ruminal fermentation. 2. Influence of concentrate ingredients on pH and on L-lactate concentration in incubations in vitro with rumen fluid.

1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-274
Author(s):  
A. Malestein ◽  
A.T. van 't Klooster ◽  
G.H.M. Counotte ◽  
R.A. Prins
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Maize Meal

2. Rumen fluid was sampled before feeding from cows given hay, diluted with an anaerobic salt solution and added (20 ml) to different amounts (mostly 1 g) of maize gluten meal, maize, citrus pulp, tapioca, beet pulp, coconut expeller or soya bean oilmeal for incubation at 39 deg C. After at least 4 h of incubation there were large differences in pH and lactic acid concentration. The acidotic index of the feeds was influenced by increasing concentration of the substrate. Except with maize meal, there was little effect of particle size on pH and lactic acid concentration. There were differences in effect on pH and lactic acid concentration between different batches of the same feeds, especially with maize meal. Incubations with mixtures of concentrate ingredients showed different pH and lactic acid concentrations from values expected from results with the single ingredients. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

The nutritive value of palm kernel meal measured in vivo and using rumen fluid and enzymatic techniques

1999 ◽  
Vol 60 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.P. O’Mara ◽  
F.J. Mulligan ◽  
E.J. Cronin ◽  
M. Rath ◽  
P.J. Caffrey
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal

EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL RATION ON CHANGES IN BLOOD COMPONENTS OF STEERS GIVEN ACCESS TO LUSH PASTURE

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. LISTER ◽  
W. SZEPESI ◽  
K. A. WINTER ◽  
H. F. JEFFERS ◽  
V. S. LOGAN
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Supplemental Feed ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Subsequent Effect ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Plasma Magnesium

Prepasture feeding of low quality hay versus hay and grain had no subsequent effect on rumen fluid ammonia, blood urea, or plasma calcium, glucose and lactic acid concentration in steers turned out on lush pasture. Steers previously fed hay and grain had lower plasma magnesium levels on the first day on unsupplemented pasture than those fed hay prior to pasture. Supplemental feed on pasture partly alleviated the depression in plasma magnesium on the first day on pasture. Feeding supplemental hay with pasture tended to lower rumen fluid ammonia, blood urea and plasma lactic acid compared with feeding no supplement during the initial days on pasture, indicating the desirability of hay feeding during this time. A hay and grain supplement with pasture had a similar effect to the hay supplement on rumen-fluid ammonia, and plasma lactic acid, but a lesser effect on blood urea concentration. Neither supplemental hay nor hay plus grain affected plasma calcium or glucose levels. All steers showed an increase in rumen fluid ammonia, blood urea and plasma lactic acid on the first day and a decrease in plasma calcium and magnesium on the second day on pasture. Blood urea, plasma magnesium and plasma calcium concentrations had not returned to prepasture levels by 21 days on pasture.

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