scholarly journals The Spatiotemporal Characteristics of 0–24-Goal Polo

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russ Best ◽  
Regan Standing
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Spatiotemporal Characteristics ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Mean Differences

Global positioning systems (GPS) have recently been shown to reliably quantify the spatiotemporal characteristics of Polo, with the physiological demands of Polo play at low- and high-goal levels also investigated. This study aims to describe the spatiotemporal demands of Polo across 0–24 goal levels. A player-worn GPS unit was used to quantify distance, speed and high-intensity activities performed. Data were divided into chukkas and five equine-based speed zones, grouped per cumulative player handicap and assessed using standardized mean differences. Average distance and speed per chukka increased in accordance with cumulative player handicap, with the magnitude of differences being trivial–large and trivial–very large, respectively. Differences between time spent in high-intensity speed zones (zones 4 and 5) show a linear increase in magnitude, when comparing 0 goal Polo to all other levels of play (Small–Very Large; 6–24 goals, respectively). High-intensity activities predominantly shared this trend, displaying trivial–large differences between levels. These findings highlight increased cardiovascular, anaerobic and speed based physiological demands on Polo ponies as playing level increases. Strategies such as high-intensity interval training, maximal speed work and aerobic conditioning may be warranted to facilitate this development and improve pony welfare and performance.

scholarly journals The Spatiotemporal Characteristics of 0 – 24 Goal Polo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russ Best ◽  
Regan Standing
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Spatiotemporal Characteristics ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Mean Differences

Global positioning systems (GPS) have recently been shown to reliably quantify the spatiotemporal characteristics of Polo, with the physiological demands of Polo play at low and high goal levels also investigated. This study aimed to describe the spatiotemporal demands of Polo across 0 – 24 goal levels. A player worn GPS unit was used to quantify distance, speed and high intensity activities performed. Data was divided into chukkas and five equine-based speed zones, grouped per cumulative player handicap and assessed using standardised mean differences. Average distance and speed per chukka increased in accordance with cumulative player handicap, with the magnitude of differences being Trivial – Large and Trivial – Very Large, respectively. Differences between time spent in speed zones 4 and 5 show a linear increase in magnitude, when comparing 0 goal Polo to all other levels of play (Small – Very Large; 6 – 24 goals, respectively). High intensity activities predominantly shared this trend, displaying Trivial – Large differences between levels. These findings highlight the increasingly demanding cardiovascular, anaerobic and speed-based needs of Polo ponies as playing level increases. Strategies such as high intensity interval training, maximal speed work and aerobic conditioning may be warranted to facilitate this development and improve pony welfare and performance.

scholarly journals Supplements and Nutritional Interventions to Augment High-Intensity Interval Training Physiological and Performance Adaptations—A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott C. Forbes ◽  
Darren G. Candow ◽  
Abbie E. Smith-Ryan ◽  
Katie R. Hirsch ◽  
Michael D. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Beta Alanine ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Nutritional Strategies

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) involves short bursts of intense activity interspersed by periods of low-intensity exercise or rest. HIIT is a viable alternative to traditional continuous moderate-intensity endurance training to enhance maximal oxygen uptake and endurance performance. Combining nutritional strategies with HIIT may result in more favorable outcomes. The purpose of this narrative review is to highlight key dietary interventions that may augment adaptations to HIIT, including creatine monohydrate, caffeine, nitrate, sodium bicarbonate, beta-alanine, protein, and essential amino acids, as well as manipulating carbohydrate availability. Nutrient timing and potential sex differences are also discussed. Overall, sodium bicarbonate and nitrates show promise for enhancing HIIT adaptations and performance. Beta-alanine has the potential to increase training volume and intensity and improve HIIT adaptations. Caffeine and creatine have potential benefits, however, longer-term studies are lacking. Presently, there is a lack of evidence supporting high protein diets to augment HIIT. Low carbohydrate training enhances the upregulation of mitochondrial enzymes, however, there does not seem to be a performance advantage, and a periodized approach may be warranted. Lastly, potential sex differences suggest the need for future research to examine sex-specific nutritional strategies in response to HIIT.

Physiological and performance responses to high-intensity interval training in female inline speed skaters

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (196) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Fereshtian ◽  
Mohsen Sheykhlouvand ◽  
Scott Forbes ◽  
Hamid Agha-Alinejad ◽  
Mohammadali Gharaat
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals The Investigation of the Physical and Performance Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HITT) on Sedentary University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Ali Erdem Cigerci ◽  
Harun Genc
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Intensity Interval

The aim of this study was to examine the physical and selected performance characteristics of 9-week High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on sedentary university students. Participants were separated two groups as HIIT and control group (CG). HIIT group applied training 3 times a week for 9 weeks. CG was not applied any training. Before and after HIIT training program, the subjects were applied to age, height, body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI) tests for physical parameters and standing long jump (SLJ), vertical jump (VJ), 10-20 m sprint, T agility test (TAT), star excursion balance test (SEBT), running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) for performance parameters. Multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to analyze of inter-group, intra group and the effect of training in repeated measurements. Bonferroni test was used for Post Hoc comparisons; the significance level was accepted as 0.05. There was a significant difference in BW, BMI and all performance parameters in favor of HIIT group. HIIT provided effective development to physical and performance characteristics of university students.

scholarly journals Physiological and Performance Impacts After Field Supramaximal High-Intensity Interval Training With Different Work-Recovery Duration

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Henrique Albuquerque Brandão ◽  
Thaysa Passos Nery Chagas ◽  
Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos ◽  
Vivian Conceição de Oliveira ◽  
Leonardo de Sousa Fortes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Recovery Duration ◽  
Work Recovery ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals The Effect of Eight Weeks High-Intensity Interval Training (HIT) on of Irisin Levels in Obese Young Men

Thrita ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Jafari ◽  
Ismaeel Abbasi ◽  
Sahar Fathi Aralloo
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Heart Rate Reserve ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Irisin is a myosin that increases the secretion during exercise and stimulates the white to brown adipose tissue transformation. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIT) on irisin levels of young obese men. Methods: The subjects of the study were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group performed HIT training for eight weeks (three sessions per week, each session 45 to 60 minutes with an intensity of 90% of heart rate reserve). Fasting blood sampling was done 24h before and 48h after trainings. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and U-Mann-Whitney tests. Results: In the experimental group, BMI was decreased (P = 0.023), and irisin was increased significantly (P = 0.005). Also, the mean differences of BMI (P = 0.049) and irisin (P = 0.031) were significant between control and experimental groups (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The findings showed that eight-week of HIT could increase irisin and reduce BMI in obese young males.

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