scholarly journals Nano-Structured Lignin as Green Antioxidant and UV Shielding Ingredient for Sunscreen Applications

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Davide Piccinino ◽  
Eliana Capecchi ◽  
Elisabetta Tomaino ◽  
Sofia Gabellone ◽  
Valeria Gigli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Uv Shielding ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Nanoscale Level

Green, biocompatible, and biodegradable antioxidants represent a milestone in cosmetic and cosmeceutical applications. Lignin is the most abundant polyphenol in nature, recovered as a low-cost waste from the pulp and paper industry and biorefinery. This polymer is characterized by beneficial physical and chemical properties which are improved at the nanoscale level due to the emergence of antioxidant and UV shielding activities. Here we review the use of lignin nanoparticles in cosmetic and cosmeceutical applications, focusing on sunscreen and antiaging formulations. Advances in the technology for the preparation of lignin nanoparticles are described highlighting structure activity relationships.

Status of the utilization of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana) in the pulp and paper industry

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2078-2084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwei-Nam Law ◽  
Jacques L. Valade
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Although jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.), which represents 20% of the total softwood volume, is one of the most abundant commercial softwood species in Canada, its rate of utilization in pulping is surprisingly low. This paper reviews the literature concerning the physical and chemical properties as well as the pulping characteristics of this species by mechanical, thermomechanical, chemithermomechanical, chemimechanical, and chemical processes to better understand its potential use in papermaking. The objective is to identify the problems related to the use of jack pine so that solutions might be sought to promote its usage. Some recommendations are put forth concerning future research.

scholarly journals M-Polynomials and Associated Topological Indices of Sodalite Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ghazanfar Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim ◽  
Ali Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Kashif Elahi
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Topological Index ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural Zeolites ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Natural zeolites are commonly described as macromolecular sieves. Zeolite networks are very trendy chemical networks due to their low-cost implementation. Sodalite network is one of the most studied types of zeolite networks. It helps in the removal of greenhouse gases. To study this rich network, we use an authentic mathematical tool known as M-polynomials of the topological index and show some physical and chemical properties in numerical form, and to understand the structure deeply, we compare different legitimate M-polynomials of topological indices, concluding in the form of graphical comparisons.

scholarly journals A chalcogenide-cluster-based semiconducting nanotube array with oriented photoconductive behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Tang ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Jiaxu Zhang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Wanjian Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Nanotube Array ◽  
Inorganic Nanotubes ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractThe interesting physical and chemical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have prompted the search for diverse inorganic nanotubes with different compositions to expand the number of available nanotechnology applications. Among these materials, crystalline inorganic nanotubes with well-defined structures and uniform sizes are suitable for understanding structure–activity relationships. However, their preparation comes with large synthetic challenges owing to their inherent complexity. Herein, we report the example of a crystalline nanotube array based on a supertetrahedral chalcogenide cluster, K3[K(Cu2Ge3Se9)(H2O)] (1). To the best of our knowledge, this nanotube array possesses the largest diameter of crystalline inorganic nanotubes reported to date and exhibits an excellent structure-dependent electric conductivity and an oriented photoconductive behavior. This work represents a significant breakthrough both in terms of the structure of cluster-based metal chalcogenides and in the conductivity of crystalline nanotube arrays (i.e., an enhancement of ~4 orders of magnitude).

scholarly journals M-Polynomials and Degree-Based Topological Indices of the Crystallographic Structure of Molecules

Biomolecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Gao ◽  
Muhammad Younas ◽  
Adeel Farooq ◽  
Abid Mahboob ◽  
Waqas Nazeer
Keyword(s):  
Strain Energy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Topological Indices ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Structure Of Molecules ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Topological indices are numerical parameters used to study the physical and chemical properties of compounds. In quantitative structure–activity relationship QSARs, topological indices correlate the biological activity of compounds with their physical properties like boiling point, stability, melting point, distortion, and strain energy etc. In this paper, we determined the M-polynomials of the crystallographic structure of the molecules Cu2O and TiF2 [p,q,r]. Then we derived closed formulas for some well-known topological indices using calculus. In the end, we used Maple 15 to plot surfaces associated with the topological indices of Cu2O and TiF2 [p,q,r].

scholarly journals Purity and structural composition of lignin isolated from Miscanthus x giganteus by sub-critical water extraction with associated modifiers

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Lignin Recovery ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Lignin is an industrial by-product produced from the pulping and paper industry, where the process generates lignin in the form of lignosulphonates. While there are many applications for lignin, there are all low value and attempts to add value to lignin are hindered by its complex physicochemical nature and the presence of sulphur. Adopting the biorefining concept, the study evaluates the impact of direct (DE) and sequential extraction (SE) of Miscanthus x giganteus using sub-critical water with associated modifiers; ethanol and carbon dioxide on the physical and chemical properties of the extracted lignin. Isolated lignins were characterised by a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Although higher delignification was achieved by DE and SE about 81.5% and 58.0%, respectively, the lignin recovered from the SE process showed remarkably higher purity with 91.5%. Lignin recovery did not differ considerably for either processing method. FTIR revealed a qualitative reduction in the intensity of bonds corresponding to hydroxyl groups for the lignin derived from DE rather than SE processing routes. These indicated that the lignin derived from SE had potential for subsequent preparation in lignin value-added bio-based materials.

scholarly journals Effect of Straw Checkerboards on Wind Proofing, Sand Fixation, and Ecological Restoration in Shifting Sandy Land

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Guo-dong Ding ◽  
Ming-han Yu ◽  
Guang-lei Gao ◽  
Yuan-yuan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Windblown Sand ◽  
Shifting Sand ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Due to their simple layout and adaptability to various environments, straw checkerboards are widely used to control windblown sand in China. To fully understand the wind proofing and sand-fixing benefits of different board specifications, and to determine the restorative effects of straw checkerboard, we tested different sizes of checkerboard, determined their performance as a windbreak and in trapping shifting sand, and constructed models based on wind tunnel tests, enabling the wind speed flow field to be analysed. We also sampled the soil in areas where straw checkerboards had been established for several years and analysed the trends in soil physical and chemical properties over time. We found that all sizes of straw checkerboard effectively reduced the wind speed near the surface and formed a protected area, with the best protective effect achieved for a one-meter board. All sizes of straw checkerboard effectively intercepted windblown sand to form surface accumulation, with the one-meter board again showing the best performance. The use of a straw checkerboard also effectively improved the physical and chemical properties of soil and promoted ecological restoration. These results indicate that straw checkerboards are a low-cost engineering measure that could play an important role in desertification control and the ecological restoration of sandy land ecosystems.

scholarly journals An Unprecedented Chalcogenide-cluster-based Semiconducting Nanotube Array with Oriented Photoconductive Behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Tang ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Jiaxu Zhang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Wan-Jian Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Nanotube Array ◽  
Inorganic Nanotubes ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The interesting physical and chemical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have prompted the search for diverse inorganic nanotubes with different compositions to expand the number of available nanotechnology applications. Among these materials, novel crystalline inorganic nanotubes with well-defined structures and uniform sizes are extremely suitable for understanding structure–activity relationships. However, their preparation comes with large synthetic challenges owing to their inherent complexity. Herein, we report the first example of a crystalline nanotube array based on a supertetrahedral chalcogenide cluster, K3[K(Cu2Ge3Se9)(H2O)] (1). To the best of our knowledge, this nanotube array possesses the largest diameter of crystalline inorganic nanotubes reported to date and exhibits an excellent structure-dependent electric conductivity and an oriented photoconductive behavior. This work represents a significant breakthrough both in terms of the structure of cluster-based metal chalcogenides and in the conductivity of crystalline nanotube arrays (i.e. an enhancement of ~ 4 orders of magnitude).

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

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