Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: A New Therapeutic Tool in Liver Diseases

Oxidative stress induced by the overproduction of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been considered as a key pathogenic mechanism contributing to the initiation and progression of injury in liver diseases. Consequently, during the last few years antioxidant substances, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), resveratrol, colchicine, eugenol, and vitamins E and C have received increasing interest as potential therapeutic agents in chronic liver diseases. These substances have demonstrated their efficacy in equilibrating hepatic ROS metabolism and thereby improving liver functionality. However, many of these agents have not successfully passed the scrutiny of clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, mainly due to their unspecificity and consequent uncontrolled side effects, since a minimal level of ROS is needed for normal functioning. Recently, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) have emerged as a new powerful antioxidant agent with therapeutic properties in experimental liver disease. CeO2NPs have been reported to act as a ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) scavenger and to have multi-enzyme mimetic activity, including SOD activity (deprotionation of superoxide anion into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide), catalase activity (conversion of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water), and peroxidase activity (reducing hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl radicals). Consequently, the beneficial effects of CeO2NPs treatment have been reported in many different medical fields other than hepatology, including neurology, ophthalmology, cardiology, and oncology. Unlike other antioxidants, CeO2NPs are only active at pathogenic levels of ROS, being inert and innocuous in healthy cells. In the current article, we review the potential of CeO2NPs in several experimental models of liver disease and their safety as a therapeutic agent in humans as well.

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Polyacrylic Acid Modified Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Characterization as a Peroxidase Mimic for Non-Enzymatic H2O2 Sensor

Current Nanoscience ◽

10.2174/1573413715666191204124329 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 816-828

Author(s):

Gurdeep Rattu ◽

Nishtha Khansili ◽

Prayaga M. Krishna

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Cerium Oxide ◽

Polyacrylic Acid ◽

Spectroscopic Analysis ◽

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Peroxidase Mimic ◽

Ft Ir ◽

H2o2 Sensing ◽

Fluorescence Spectrometer

Background: Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) are efficient free-radical scavengers due to their dual valence state and thus exhibit optical and catalytic properties. Therefore, the main purpose of this work was to understand the peroxidase mimic activity of polymer-stabilized nanoceria for enzyme-less H2O2 sensing by fluorescence spectrometer. Objective: This research revealed the development of fluorescence hydrogen peroxide nanosensor based on the peroxidase-like activity of polyacrylic acid stabilized nanoceria (PAA-CeO2 Nps). Methods: PAA-CeO2 Nps were synthesized by simple cross-linking reaction at a low temperature and characterized by XRD, SEM, Zeta potential, TGA, FT-IR and UV-VIS spectroscopic analysis. H2O2 sensing was performed by a fluorescence spectrometer. Results:: The synthesized polymer nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, SEM, TGA, FT-IR and UV-VIS spectroscopic analysis. The XRD diffraction patterns confirmed the polycrystalline nature and SEM micrograph showed nanoparticles having hexagonal symmetry and crystallite size of 32 nm. The broad peak of Ce–O bond appeared at 508 cm-1. UV-VIS measurements revealed a welldefined absorbance peak around 315 nm and an optical band-gap of 3.17 eV. As synthesized PAACeO2 Nps effectively catalysed the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into hydroxyl radicals. Then terephthalic acid was oxidized by hydroxyl radical to form a highly fluorescent product. Under optimized conditions, the linear range for determination of hydrogen peroxide was 0.01 - 0.2 mM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2 μM. Conclusion: The proposed method is ideally suited for the sensing of H2O2 at a low cost and this detection system enabled the sensing of analytes (sugars), which can enzymatically generate hydrogen peroxide.

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Cerium oxide nanoparticles improve liver regeneration after acetaminophen-induced liver injury and partial hepatectomy in rats

Journal of Nanobiotechnology ◽

10.1186/s12951-019-0544-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Bernat Córdoba-Jover ◽

Altamira Arce-Cerezo ◽

Jordi Ribera ◽

Montse Pauta ◽

Denise Oró ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Injury ◽

Liver Regeneration ◽

Cerium Oxide ◽

Partial Hepatectomy ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Hepatic Regeneration ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Acetyl Cysteine

Abstract Background and aims Cerium oxide nanoparticles are effective scavengers of reactive oxygen species and have been proposed as a treatment for oxidative stress-related diseases. Consequently, we aimed to investigate the effect of these nanoparticles on hepatic regeneration after liver injury by partial hepatectomy and acetaminophen overdose. Methods All the in vitro experiments were performed in HepG2 cells. For the acetaminophen and partial hepatectomy experimental models, male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: (1) nanoparticles group, which received 0.1 mg/kg cerium nanoparticles i.v. twice a week for 2 weeks before 1 g/kg acetaminophen treatment, (2) N-acetyl-cysteine group, which received 300 mg/kg of N-acetyl-cysteine i.p. 1 h after APAP treatment and (3) partial hepatectomy group, which received the same nanoparticles treatment before partial hepatectomy. Each group was matched with vehicle-controlled rats. Results In the partial hepatectomy model, rats treated with cerium oxide nanoparticles showed a significant increase in liver regeneration, compared with control rats. In the acetaminophen experimental model, nanoparticles and N-acetyl-cysteine treatments decreased early liver damage in hepatic tissue. However, only the effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles was associated with a significant increment in hepatocellular proliferation. This treatment also reduced stress markers and increased cell cycle progression in hepatocytes and the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the nanomaterial cerium oxide, besides their known antioxidant capacities, can enhance hepatocellular proliferation in experimental models of liver regeneration and drug-induced hepatotoxicity.

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Catalytic Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine and Their Use in Liver Diseases

2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO) ◽

10.1109/nano46743.2019.8993918 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Eudald Casals ◽

Muling Zeng ◽

Marina Parra ◽

Guillermo Fernandez-Varo ◽

Wladimiro Jimenez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerium Oxide ◽

Liver Diseases ◽

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles

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The enzyme-like catalytic activity of cerium oxide nanoparticles and its dependency on Ce3+ surface area concentration

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c8nr00325d ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (15) ◽

pp. 6971-6980 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

V. Baldim ◽

F. Bedioui ◽

N. Mignet ◽

I. Margaill ◽

J.-F. Berret

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Catalytic Activity ◽

Surface Area ◽

Cerium Oxide ◽

Superoxide Radical ◽

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Surface Area Concentration

Cerium oxide nanoparticles are known to catalyze the decomposition of reactive oxygen species such as the superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide.

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Cerium oxide nanoparticles protect primary osteoblasts against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative damage

Micro & Nano Letters ◽

10.1049/mnl.2013.0586 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 91-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Guoqiang Zhou ◽

Yang Li ◽

Baofeng Zheng ◽

Wenying Wang ◽

Jing Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Cerium Oxide ◽

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Primary Osteoblasts

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Low content cerium oxide nanoparticles on carbon for hydrogen peroxide electrosynthesis

Applied Catalysis A General ◽

10.1016/j.apcata.2011.09.030 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 411-412 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

M.H.M.T. Assumpção ◽

A. Moraes ◽

R.F.B. De Souza ◽

I. Gaubeur ◽

R.T.S. Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Cerium Oxide ◽

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide Electrosynthesis

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Dual role of hydrogen peroxide on the oxidase-like activity of nanoceria and its application for colorimetric hydrogen peroxide and glucose sensing

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c6ra09217a ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (65) ◽

pp. 59939-59945 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Ruochen Guo ◽

Yanru Wang ◽

Shaoxuan Yu ◽

Wenxin Zhu ◽

Fangqing Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Catalytic Activity ◽

Cerium Oxide ◽

Glucose Sensing ◽

Dual Role ◽

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Chromogenic Substrate

Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticles) exhibits excellent catalytic activity towards chromogenic substrate 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which has been reported.

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