scholarly journals Reducing Acidity of Tropical Acid Soil to Improve Phosphorus Availability and Zea mays L. Productivity through Efficient Use of Chicken Litter Biochar and Triple Superphosphate

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Maru ◽  
Ahmed Osumanu Haruna ◽  
Audrey Asap ◽  
Nik Muhamad Abd. Majid ◽  
Nathaniel Maikol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Mineral Acid ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Chicken Litter ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fe Ions

Phosphorus is a macronutrient which plays an important role in plant metabolism, growth, and development. However, in tropical acid soils, P fixation is high because of significant amounts of Al and Fe ions. Al and Fe ions can reduce diffusion of P into plant roots. Low absorption of P at initial growth of most plants causes stunting and slow growth of plant leaves. This process reduces photosynthesis. Chicken litter biochar (CLB) had been used on tropical acid soils to improve total P, available P, organic P, and inorganic fractions of P. Moreover, CLB is able to reduce exchangeable acidity, Fe, and Al ions in mineral acid soils because of the reactive surfaces of this organic amendment. However, there is dearth of information on the effects of the right combination of CLB and triple superphosphate (TSP) on the aforementioned soil chemical properties and crop productivity. To this end, the objectives of this study were to improve P: (i) Availability in a mineral acid soil and (ii) uptake, agronomic efficiency, and dry matter yield of Zea mays L. using the right amounts of TSP and CLB. Combinations of 75%, 50%, and 25% CLB (based on recommended 5 t ha−1) and TSP (based on recommended P fertilization for maize) were evaluated in a pot study. Selected soil chemical properties, maize plants nutrient uptake, growth variables, and dry matter yield were determined using standard measures. Results showed that 25% and 50% biochar of 5 t ha−1 with 75% TSP can increase soil P availability, recovery, agronomic use efficiency, and dry matter yield of maize plants. These optimum rates can also reduce P fixation by Al and Fe ions. Therefore, soil and maize productivity can be improved by using CLB (25% and 50% of 5 t ha−1) and TSP (75% of conventional rate) to increase nutrients availability especially P.

scholarly journals Coapplication of Chicken Litter Biochar and Urea Only to Improve Nutrients Use Efficiency and Yield ofOryza sativaL. Cultivation on a Tropical Acid Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Maru ◽  
Osumanu Ahmed Haruna ◽  
Walter Charles Primus
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soil ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Chicken Litter ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Use Efficiency

The excessive use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers in sustaining high rice yields due to N dynamics in tropical acid soils not only is economically unsustainable but also causes environmental pollution. The objective of this study was to coapply biochar and urea to improve soil chemical properties and productivity of rice. Biochar (5 t ha−1) and different rates of urea (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 0% of recommended N application) were evaluated in both pot and field trials. Selected soil chemical properties, rice plants growth variables, nutrient use efficiency, and yield were determined using standard procedures. Coapplication of biochar with 100% and 75% urea recommendation rates significantly increased nutrients availability (especially P and K) and their use efficiency in both pot and field trials. These treatments also significantly increased rice growth variables and grain yield. Coapplication of biochar and urea application at 75% of the recommended rate can be used to improve soil chemical properties and productivity and reduce urea use by 25%.

scholarly journals Liming influence on soil chemical properties, nutritional status and yield of alfalfa grown in acid soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1231-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adônis Moreira ◽  
Nand Kumar Fageria
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination

Alfalfa is an important forage crop with high nutritive value, although highly susceptible to soil acidity. Liming is one of the most efficient and prevailing practices to correct soil acidity and improve alfalfa yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate response to liming of alfalfa grown in a greenhouse on a Typic Quartzipsamment soil. The treatments consisted of four lime rates (0, 3.8, 6.6 and 10.3 Mg ha-1) and two cuts. Alfalfa dry matter increased quadratically with increasing lime rates. In general, dry matter yield was maximized by a lime rate of 8.0 Mg ha-1. Except for the control, the dry matter nutrient contents in the treatments were adequate. The positive linear correlation between root and nodule dry matter with lime rates indicated improvement of these plant traits with decreasing soil acidity. The soil acidity indices pH, base saturation, Ca2+ concentration, Mg2+ concentration, and H + Al were relevant factors in the assessment of alfalfa yield. The magnitude of influence of these soil acidity indices on yield as determined by the coefficient of determination (R²) varied and decreased in the order: base saturation, H + Al, pH, Ca and Mg concentrations. Optimum values of selected soil chemical properties were defined for maximum shoot dry matter; these values can serve as a guideline for alfalfa liming to improve the yield of this forage on acid soils.

scholarly journals Improving Phosphorus Availability in an Acid Soil Using Organic Amendments Produced from Agroindustrial Wastes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huck Ywih Ch’ng ◽  
Osumanu Haruna Ahmed ◽  
Nik Muhamad Ab. Majid
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Availability ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Chicken Litter

In acid soils, soluble inorganic phosphorus is fixed by aluminium and iron. To overcome this problem, acid soils are limed to fix aluminium and iron but this practice is not economical. The practice is also not environmentally friendly. This study was conducted to improve phosphorus availability using organic amendments (biochar and compost produced from chicken litter and pineapple leaves, resp.) to fix aluminium and iron instead of phosphorus. Amending soil with biochar or compost or a mixture of biochar and compost increased total phosphorus, available phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus fractions (soluble inorganic phosphorus, aluminium bound inorganic phosphorus, iron bound inorganic phosphorus, redundant soluble inorganic phosphorus, and calcium bound phosphorus), and organic phosphorus. This was possible because the organic amendments increased soil pH and reduced exchangeable acidity, exchangeable aluminium, and exchangeable iron. The findings suggest that the organic amendments altered soil chemical properties in a way that enhanced the availability of phosphorus in this study. The amendments effectively fixed aluminium and iron instead of phosphorus, thus rendering phosphorus available by keeping the inorganic phosphorus in a bioavailable labile phosphorus pool for a longer period compared with application of Triple Superphosphate without organic amendments.

scholarly journals Utilization of urea and chicken litter biochar to improve rice production

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Maikol ◽  
Ahmed Osumanu Haruna ◽  
Ali Maru ◽  
Audrey Asap ◽  
Simon Medin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Total N ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Chicken Litter

AbstractThe use of N fertilizers on tropical acid soils is increasing because of their low native fertility. Chicken litter biochar was used to improve N use efficiency and rice yield. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of chicken litter biochar on selected chemical properties of a tropical acid soil under rice (MR219) cultivation. Treatments evaluated were in this study were as follows: (1) T1, soil only, (2) T2, existing recommended fertilization, (3) T3, chicken litter biochar alone, and (4) T4, chicken litter biochar + existing recommended fertilization. Plant and soil analyses were conducted using standard procedures. The use of chicken litter biochar increased soil pH, total carbon, total P, available P, total N, and exchangeable N. Also, this practice decreased soil total acidity and exchangeable Al3+. Compared with T2, T4 significantly increased Crop Recovery Efficiency and Agronomic Recovery Efficiency of N. This resulted in a significant increase in the grain yield (11 t ha−1) of MR219 (Malaysia hybrid rice) for T4 compared with the existing rice grain yield of 5.9 t ha−1 (T2). Moreover, application of chicken litter biochar (5 t ha−1) to tropical acid soil suggested that N application can be reduced to 26.67%, 30.03%, 30.15%, and 14.15% of the recommended rates by MADA on days 10, 30, 50, and 70 after transplanting, respectively. Chicken litter biochar can improve the chemical properties of tropical acid soils and rice (MR219) grain yield.

scholarly journals Influence of Lime and Phosphorus Application Rates on Growth of Maize in an Acid Soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Asbon Opala
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Available P ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Lime Application ◽  
Phosphorus Application

The interactive effects of lime and phosphorus on maize growth in an acid soil were investigated in a greenhouse experiment. A completely randomized design with 12 treatments consisting of four lime levels, 0, 2, 10, and 20 t ha−1, in a factorial combination with three phosphorus rates, 0, 30, and 100 kg ha−1, was used. Maize was grown in pots for six weeks and its heights and dry matter yield were determined and soils were analyzed for available P and exchangeable acidity. Liming significantly reduced the exchangeable acidity in the soils. The effect of lime on available P was not significant but available P increased with increasing P rates. There was a significant effect of lime, P, and P by lime interactions on plant heights and dry matter. Without lime application, dry matter increased with increasing P rates but, with lime, dry mattes increased from 0 to 30 kg P ha−1but declined from 30 to 100 kg P ha−1. The highest dry matter yield (13.8 g pot−1) was obtained with a combined 2 t ha−1of lime with 30 kg P ha−1suggesting that lime application at low rates combined with moderate amounts of P would be appropriate in this soil.

IMPROVING PHOSPHORUS AVAILABILITY, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND DRY MATTER PRODUCTION OF ZEA MAYS L. ON A TROPICAL ACID SOIL USING POULTRY MANURE BIOCHAR AND PINEAPPLE LEAVES COMPOST

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUCK YWIH CH'NG ◽  
OSUMANU HARUNA AHMED ◽  
NIK MUHAMAD AB. MAJID
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Phosphorus Availability ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Pineapple Leaves

SUMMARYPhosphorus deficiency in tropical acid soils is a problem because soluble inorganic phosphorus is fixed by aluminium and iron. Organic amendments could be used to overcome phosphorus fixation in acid soils. Thus, the objectives of this study were to (i) improve soil phosphorus availability using biochar and compost produced from poultry manure and pineapple leaves respectively, and (ii) determine whether the use of biochar and compost could improve phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, calcium and magnesium uptake and dry matter production of Zea mays L. cultivation on a tropical acid soil. Organic amendments significantly increased soil pH compared with non-organic amendments. Organic amendments also significantly reduced exchangeable acidity and exchangeable forms of aluminium and iron, and effectively fixed aluminium and iron instead of phosphorus. As a result, phosphorus availability in soil increased. Besides increasing the availability of nitrogen, potassium, calcium and magnesium in soil, organic amendments improved nutrients uptake and dry matter production of Zea mays L. Biochar and compost can be used to improve the productivity of Zea mays L. on acid soils by reducing phosphorus fixation.

scholarly journals Dry Matter Yield and Nutrient Uptakes of Arabica Coffee Seedlings as Influenced by Lime and Coffee Husk Compost Amendments at Western Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Bikila Takala Dibaba
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Npk Uptake ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Nursery experiment was conducted at Haru Agricultural Research Sub Center (HARSC) of Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Western Ethiopia, to investigate dry matter yield and its nutrient uptake of Arabica coffee seedlings under different lime and coffee husk compost rates and establish optimum combination of theseagricul tural inputs that produce seedlings with better dry matter yield for field planting. The experiment was laid out in a factorial experiment arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included four levels of lime (0, 1.6, 3.2 and 4.8 t ha-1) and coffee husk compost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1). Nutrient uptake and dry matter yield data of coffee seedlings were collected and subjected to analysis of variance using SAS package and treatment means were compared at 0.05 probability using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results revealed that lime and coffee husk compost rates significantly (P< 0.01) affected NPK uptake and total dry matter yield of coffee seedlings. The highest NPK uptake and total dry matter yield of coffee seedling were obtained from the application of 15 t.ha-1 coffee husk compost and combined lime and coffee husk compost at the modest levels of 3.2 t.ha-1 lime and 10 t.ha-1 coffee husk compost with a nonsignificant variation. From the study, it can be concluded that application of 15 t.ha-1 coffeehusk compost or combining 10 t.ha-1 of coffee husk compost and 3.2 t.ha-1 of agricultural lime could be a promising alternative amendment for acid soil management and production of vigorous coffee seedlings with high nutrient uptake and high dry matter yield in HARSC areas.

scholarly journals Feed productivity of sainfoin in the conditions of the right-bank Forest-Steppe

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
N. Y. Hetman ◽  
Y. A. Veklenko
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Year Of Life

The purpose of the research was to study the effect of planting time on the formation of productivity of Hungarian sainfoin when grown for green forage. Methods are field, laboratory, statistical, correlation and regression relationships. Research results. It is established that under uneven humidity and high temperature regime in the year of sowing, Hungarian sainfoin formed two yields under spring planting date and one yield under summer planting date. In the second and third years of growth, no significant effect of the planting date on the stages of organogenesis of Hungarian sainfoin was found, where the maturity of the herbage was reached simultaneously. Productivity of Hungarian sainfoin was only conditioned by hydrothermal conditions, where the yield of green mass averaged 45.9—49.6 t/ha with crude protein content of 1.58—1.73 t/ha. At the same time, the highest dry matter yield of 10.25 t/ha and crude protein of 1.73 t/ha was provided by agrophytocenosis when sown on April 12. The productivity index of Hungarian sainfoin in the first year of life was determined, where the highest indicator was obtained during the early spring sowing period (29.04) – 7.85 kg/ha of dry matter per 1 hour of light day, whereas for the recommended summer sowing period was 1.13 kg/ha, or 6.9 times lower. The correlation equation between dry matter output, duration of daylight and the sum of precipitation from full shoots to the beginning of flowering in the first year of life is described. It is found that with increase of precipitation by 1 mm the dry matter output increases by 1.53 % and there is a tendency increase with increasing the length of daylight by 1 minute. Conclusions. It has been established that on gray forest soils of the right-bank Forest-Steppe, over two years of intensive use of the grass stand, regardless of hydrothermal conditions, Hungarian saifoin provided a stable forage productivity when sown in spring. Thus, dry matter yield was 9.38—10.25 t/ha with crude protein content of 1.58—1.73 t/ha. In particular, as for summer planting date, July 20 appeared to be the most effective planting date, which provided dry matter yield of 9.78 t/ha with crude protein content of 1.61 t/ha.

scholarly journals Surface applied lime dynamics and base saturation index in a consolidated no-tillage area

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Diego Bortolini ◽  
Luís César Cassol ◽  
Jonatas Thiago Piva ◽  
Cristiam Bosi ◽  
Kassiano Felipe Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Tillage System

The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of chemical properties and crop yields during five years after liming, in a consolidated no-tillage system area and indicate a base saturation index to serve as a criterion for recommendation. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four repetitions, being the treatments the five lime doses (0, 2.4, 4.8, 7.2 and 9.6 Mg ha-1) applied and maintained on the soil surface. Soil chemical properties were evaluated in eight soil sampling, in the layers 0 to 0.025; 0.025 to 0.05; 0.05 to 0.10; 0.10 to 0.15; 0.15 to 0.20 and 0.20 to 0.40 m, besides crop grain yield (wheat, soybean and corn) and black oat dry matter yield, totaling five years of evaluation. The surface liming in no-tillage system increased the exchangeable magnesium and calcium contents, base saturation and soil pH and reduced the exchangeable aluminum content. The cumulative grain yield (six crops) and black oat dry matter yield (three crops) was not influenced by liming. These results suggested, from this study conditions, that the value of 50% of base saturation should be adopted as a criterion for liming for crops implanted under consolidated no-tillage systems.

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