fe ions
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2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 479-485
Author(s):  
Wibiana Wulan Nandari ◽  
Yuli Ristianingsih ◽  
Indriana Lestari

Iron (Fe) is one of the compounds contained in heavy metals which is very dangerous for the survival of living things when in the environment around the residence that has exceeded the threshold. Fe ions can cause turbidity, corrosion, and other impacts. Iron (Fe) is a transition metal and has the atomic number 26. The oxidation numbers of Fe are +3 and +2. Fe is an essential metal for the body which in high doses is toxic. Given the various dangers caused by exposure to Fe metal, it is necessary to treat Fe metal contained in groundwater. One of the most widely used heavy metal processing methods is the adsorption process. In previous studies, many adsorption processes used activated carbon from various materials as adsorbents. In this study, pectin was extracted from banana peels with hydrochloric acid as a solvent at various temperatures and concentrations. The optimum conditions were at 80oC and a concentration of 0.35 N. The pectin obtained was 2.3171 grams.


Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3423
Author(s):  
Runzhong Wang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiaohui Zhu ◽  
Xue Liang ◽  
Yuanfei Li ◽  
...  

Fe-13Cr-3.5Al-2.0Mo-1.5wt.% ZrC alloy was irradiated by 400 keV Fe+ at 400 °C at different doses ranging from 6.35 × 1014 to 1.27 × 1016 ions/cm2 with a corresponding damage of 1.0–20.0 dpa, respectively, to investigate the effects of different radiation doses on the hardness and microstructure of the reinforced FeCrAl alloys in detail by nanoindentation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atom probe tomography (APT). The results show that the hardness at 1.0 dpa increases from 5.68 to 6.81 GPa, which is 19.9% higher than a non-irradiated specimen. With an increase in dose from 1.0 to 20.0 dpa, the hardness increases from 6.81 to 8.01 GPa, which is an increase of only 17.6%, indicating that the hardness has reached saturation. TEM and APT results show that high-density nano-precipitates and low-density dislocation loops forme in the 1.0 dpa region, compared to the non-irradiated region. Compared with 1.0 dpa region, the density and size of nano-precipitates in the 20.0 dpa region have no significant change, while the density of dislocation loops increases. Irradiation results in a decrease of molybdenum and carbon in the strengthening precipitates (Zr, Mo) (C, N), and the proportionate decrease of molybdenum and carbon is more obvious with the increase in damage.


Author(s):  
Irene Murgia ◽  
Francesca Marzorati ◽  
Gianpiero Vigani ◽  
Piero Morandini

Abstract Iron (Fe) is an essential plant micronutrient since photosynthesis, respiration, the scavenging of reactive oxygen species and many other cellular processes depend on adequate Fe levels. Nonetheless, non-complexed Fe ions can be dangerous for cells, as they can act as a pro-oxidant. Therefore, plants possess a complex homeostatic control system for safely taking up Fe from the soil, transporting it to the various cellular destinations and for its subcellular compartmentalization. At the end of the plant’s life cycle, maturing seeds are loaded with the required amount of Fe for germination and early seedling establishment. In this review, we discuss recent findings on how the microbiota in the rhizosphere influence and interact with the strategies adopted by plants to take up iron from the soil. We also focus on the process of seed loading with Fe and take into account the Fe metabolism in wild crops’ relatives. These aspects of plant Fe nutrition can represent promising avenues for a better comprehension of the long road of Fe from soil to seeds.


2021 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
V.A. Baturin ◽  
P.A. Litvinov ◽  
S.A. Pustovoitov ◽  
O.Yu. Roenko

Fast atoms sputtered on a hot metal surface were suggested for thermalization at a metal ion-sputtering source and for further desorption into a discharge with temperature, which is equal to the temperature of the surface. In the suggested construction of the source, atom thermalization process is realized on an interior surface of an anode of the Penning discharge cell in an oscillation area of ionizing electrons. It has been experimentally shown that the proposed method of thermalization of Fe atoms increases the fraction of Fe+ ions in the extracted ion beam by three times.


2021 ◽  
pp. 131627
Author(s):  
Y.G. Wang ◽  
M. Wang ◽  
Y.Q. Wang ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
H.N. Zhou ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 153483
Author(s):  
Koichi Sato ◽  
Ryuta Kasada ◽  
Atsushi Kiyohara ◽  
Masashi Hirabaru ◽  
Kenichi Nakano ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 2133 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
Xianfeng Ma ◽  
Meng She ◽  
Wenqing Zhang ◽  
Ligang Song ◽  
Shui Qiu ◽  
...  

Abstract As one of the key structures used in nuclear power plants, the study of irradiation effects of pressure vessel steel (RPV) is of great scientific value to nuclear safety. The RPV steel was irradiated by Fe ions up to three different irradiation damage levels (0.08 dpa, 0.15 dpa, and 0.6 dpa). The transmission electron microscope was utilized to measure the irradiated microstructure and it was found that after the irradiation of 0.08 dpa, the density and size of dislocation loops in Fe ions irradiated samples was small and the dislocation loops were distributed near the surface. When irradiation dose was up to 0.15 dpa, many black dots were distributed in the whole irradiation region and some large size dislocation loops appeared. In the case of 0.6 dpa, a large number of dislocation loops were produced and the distribution of dislocation loops extended to the whole irradiation region owing to the production and growth of defects such as vacancies and black dots.


2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jijun Yun ◽  
Yanbin Sheng ◽  
Xi Guo ◽  
Bowen Zheng ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
...  
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