scholarly journals Integrating Amendment and Liquid Fertilizer for Aided-Phytostabilization and Its Impacts on Soil Microbiological Properties in Arsenic-Contaminated Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Suk Kim ◽  
Hyun-Gi Min ◽  
Jeong-Gyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Acid Mine

Indiscriminate overuse of liquid fertilizer and arsenic (As) contaminated soil by abandoned mines is one of the important environmental issues in Korea. This study was carried out to solve these two problems. Amendments (limestone, red mud and acid mine drainage sludge), liquid fertilizer and plant vegetation (Hairy vetch; Vicia villosa Roth) were simultaneously treated. Some soil chemical properties (pH, dissolved organic carbon, inorganic nitrogen content, and bioavailable As), soil respiration and enzyme activity (urease activity and dehydrogenase activity) were determined for chemical and biological assessment. Amendments decreased bioavailable As in soil, and acid mine drainage sludge had the best reduction efficiency in alkali soil. Liquid fertilizer affects not only soil chemical properties but also biological properties. Through multiple regression analysis, the rhizosphere effect through plant cultivation using specific root length index was reflected in the result of soil microbial and enzyme activity. In the reclamation of As-contaminated soil, the synergistic effect of multiple treatments could be confirmed. In particular, biological assessment indicators could be useful when evaluating the complex treatment of various restoration techniques, including the phytoremediation method. Based on these results, a long-term follow-up study on the field scale will be possible.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Two Amendments (Biochar and Acid Mine Drainage Sludge) on Arsenic Contaminated Soil Using Chemical, Biological, and Ecological Assessments

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4111
Author(s):  
Min-Suk Kim ◽  
Sang-Hwan Lee ◽  
Hyun Park ◽  
Jeong-Gyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Soil Restoration ◽  
Acid Mine

Various types of organic and inorganic materials are widely examined and applied into the arsenic (As) contaminated soil to stabilize As bioavailability and to enhance soil quality as an amendment. This study deals with two types of amendments: biochar for organic amendment and acid mine drainage sludge (AMDS) for inorganic amendment. Each amendment was applied in two types of As contaminated soils: one showed low contaminated concentration and acid property and the other showed high contaminated concentration and alkali property. In order to comprehensively evaluate the effect of amendments on As contaminated soil, chemical (As bioavailability), biological phytotoxicity (Lactuca sativa), soil respiration activity, dehydrogenase activity, urease activity, ß-glucosidase activity, and acid/alkali phosphomonoesterase activity, an ecological (total bacterial cells and total metagenomics DNA at the phylum level) assessment was conducted. Both amendments increased soil pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), which changes the bioavailability of As. In reducing phytotoxicity to As, the AMDS was the most effective regardless of soil types. Although soil enzyme activity results were not consistent with amendments types and soil types, bacterial diversity was increased after amendment application in acid soil. In acid soil, the results of principal component analysis represented that AMDS contributes to improve soil quality through the reduction in As bioavailability and the correction of soil pH from acidic to neutral condition, despite the increases in DOC. However, soil DOC had a negative effect on As bioavailability, phytotoxicity and some enzyme activity in alkali soil. Taken together, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the interaction of chemical, biological, and ecological properties according to soil pH in the decision-making stages for the selection of appropriate soil restoration material.

scholarly journals Estimating Arsenic Mobility and Phytotoxicity Using Two Different Phosphorous Fertilizer Release Rates in Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Suk Kim ◽  
Hyun-Gi Min ◽  
Jeong-Gyu Kim ◽  
Sang-Ryong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Phytotoxicity Test ◽  
P Fertilizer

Deficiencies in phosphorus (P), an essential factor for plant growth and aided phytostabilization, are commonly observed in soil, especially near mining areas. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of P-based fertilizer types on arsenic (As) extractability and phytotoxicity in As-contaminated soil after stabilizer treatment. Different treatments with respect to the P-releasing characteristics were applied to soil to determine As mobility and phytotoxicity in P-based fertilizers, with bone meal as a slow-releasing P fertilizer and fused superphosphate as a fast-releasing P fertilizer. In addition, P fertilizers were used to enhance plant growth, and two types of iron (Fe)-based stabilizers (steel slang and acid mine drainage sludge) were also used to reduce As mobility in As-contaminated soil under lab-scale conditions. A water-soluble extraction was conducted to determine As and P extractability. A phytotoxicity test using bok choy (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Jusl.) was performed to assess the elongation and accumulation of As and P. Within a single treatment, the As stabilization was higher in steel slag (84%) than in acid mine drainage sludge (27%), and the P supply effect was higher in fused superphosphate (24740%) than in bone meal (160%) compared to the control. However, a large dose of fused superphosphate (2%) increased not only the water-soluble P, but also the water-soluble As, and consequently, increased As uptake by bok choy roots, leading to phytotoxicity. In combined treatments, the tendency towards change was similar to that of the single treatment, but the degree of change was decreased compared to the single treatment, thereby decreasing the risk of phytotoxicity. In particular, the toxicity observed in the fused superphosphate treatments did not appear in the bone meal treatment, but rather the growth enhancement effect appeared. These results indicate that the simultaneous application of bone meal and stabilizers might be proposed and could effectively increase plant growth via the stabilization of As and supplementation with P over the long term.

scholarly journals Migration and Fate of Acid Mine Drainage Pollutants in Calcareous Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenwu Liu ◽  
Xingxing Qiao ◽  
Lixiang Zhou ◽  
Jian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
North China ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Acid Mine

As a major province of mineral resources in China, Shanxi currently has 6000 mines of various types, and acid mine drainage (AMD) is a major pollutant from the mining industry. Calcareous soil is dominant in western North China (including the Shanxi Province), therefore, clarifying the migration behavior of the main AMD pollutants (H+, S, Fe, heavy metals) in calcareous soil is essential for remediating AMD-contaminated soil in North China. In this study, the migration behavior of the main pollutants from AMD in calcareous soil was investigated using soil columns containing 20 cm of surficial soil to which different volumes of simulated AMD were added in 20 applications. Filtrate that was discharged from the soil columns and the soil samples from the columns were analyzed. Almost all of the Fe ions (>99%) from the AMD were intercepted in the 0–20 cm depth of the soil. Although >80% of SO42− was retained, the retention efficiency of the soil for SO42− was lower than it was for Fe. Cu, as a representative of heavy metals that are contained in AMD, was nearly totally retained by the calcareous soil. However, Cu had a tendency to migrate downward with the gradual acidification of the upper soil. In addition, CaCO3 was transformed into CaSO4 in AMD-contaminated soil. The outcomes of this study are valuable for understanding the pollution of calcareous soil by AMD and can provide key parameters for remediating AMD-contaminated soil.

scholarly journals Acid Mine Drainage Sources and Impact on Groundwater at the Osarizawa Mine, Japan

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Naoto Nishimoto ◽  
Yosuke Yamamoto ◽  
Saburo Yamagata ◽  
Toshifumi Igarashi ◽  
Shingo Tomiyama
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
River Water ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Environmental Isotopes ◽  
Mountain Slope ◽  
Recharge Area ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Akita Prefecture

Understanding the origin of acid mine drainage (AMD) in a closed mine and groundwater flow system around the mine aids in developing strategies for environmental protection and management. AMD has been continuously collected and neutralized at Osarizawa Mine, Akita Prefecture, Japan, since the mine was closed in the 1970s, to protect surrounding river water and groundwater quality. Thus, water samples were taken at the mine and surrounding groundwaters and rivers to characterize the chemical properties and environmental isotopes (δ2H and δ18O). The results showed that the quality and stable isotope ratios of AMD differed from those of groundwater/river water, indicating that the recharge areas of AMD. The recharge area of AMD was evaluated as the mountain slope at an elevation of 400–500 m while that of the surrounding groundwater was evaluated at an elevation of 350–450 m, by considering the stable isotopes ratios. This indicates that the groundwater affected by AMD is limited to the vicinity of the mine and distributed around nearby rivers.

scholarly journals Chemical characteristics of organic wastes and their potential use for acid mine drainage remediation

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Ali Munawar ◽  
Riwandi Riwandi
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Metal Sulfide ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Acid Mine

Organic substrate is an important component of biological treatments for acid mine drainage (AMD) remediation systems. It provides organic substrates to sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the sulfate (SO4) reduction, resulting in increased alkalinity and metal sulfide precipitates. Natural organic matters vary in their characteristics, and therefore may perform differently for remediation properties. This study was aimed to characterize four locally available organic wastes (bark, empty fruit bunch, sawdust, and chicken manure) potential for AMD remediation. Their chemical properties and elemental compositions were measured. An anaerobic incubation of these wastes in AMD was undertaken to determine their remediation properties. The pH, electrical conductivity (EC), redox potential (Eh), and dissolved Fe and SO4 of the mixtures were measured after the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 30th day of the incubation at room temperature. The results demonstrated that organic wastes varied in their chemical properties and performed differently in treating AMD. Organic wastes containing high alkalinity (high pH) and nutrient concentrations (chicken manure and empty fruit bunch) improved AMD quality through increasing pH (>6) and reducing dissolved Fe and SO4 concentrations. Although sawdust and bark (high CEC) did not increase pH up to acceptable standard at most time, they apparently were able to remove dissolved Fe from AMD through adsorption mechanism.

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