scholarly journals Mechanisms of Fluoride Toxicity: From Enzymes to Underlying Integrative Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Strunecka ◽  
Otakar Strunecky
Keyword(s):  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Endemic Fluorosis ◽  
Fluoride Toxicity ◽  
Community Water ◽  
False Signal ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Community Water Fluoridation ◽  
The Impact

Fluoride has been employed in laboratory investigations since the early 20th century. These studies opened the understanding of fluoride interventions to fundamental biological processes. Millions of people living in endemic fluorosis areas suffer from various pathological disturbances. The practice of community water fluoridation used prophylactically against dental caries increased concern of adverse fluoride effects. We assessed the publications on fluoride toxicity until June 2020. We present evidence that fluoride is an enzymatic poison, inducing oxidative stress, hormonal disruptions, and neurotoxicity. Fluoride in synergy with aluminum acts as a false signal in G protein cascades of hormonal and neuronal regulations in much lower concentrations than fluoride acting alone. Our review shows the impact of fluoride on human health. We suggest focusing the research on fluoride toxicity to the underlying integrative networks. Ignorance of the pluripotent toxic effects of fluoride might contribute to unexpected epidemics in the future.

scholarly journals The Environmental Critique of Water Fluoridation

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Catherine Carstairs
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Community Water ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Community Water Fluoridation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

While people often associate the opposition to community water fluoridation with the extreme right, most people opposed to fluoridation were concerned about the impact that it might have on health and the environment. In the 1960s and 1970s, anti-fluoridationists frequently mentioned the possibility that fluoride would accumulate in our bodies and in our environment, leading to long-term health problems. They were assisted by a new generation of scientists, interested in toxicology and environmental health, who began publishing articles critical of water fluoridation. By the 1970s, the environmental critique of water fluoridation was having a significant impact. For example, in the late 1970s, the legislation mandating compulsory water fluoridation in Quebec was suspended, largely because of environmental concerns. The debate over water fluoridation is just one example of how Canadians became more concerned about the relationship between the environment and human health in the second half of the twentieth century.

Dental Cleaning, Community Water Fluoridation and Preterm Birth, Massachusetts: 2009–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiyuan Zhang ◽  
Emily Lu ◽  
Sarah L. Stone ◽  
Hafsatou Diop
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Community Water ◽  
Community Water Fluoridation

Community water fluoridation and health outcomes in England: a cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Young ◽  
John Newton ◽  
John Morris ◽  
Joan Morris ◽  
John Langford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Water ◽  
Community Water Fluoridation

scholarly journals Reduction of Dental Caries Among Children and Adolescents From a 15-Year Community Water Fluoridation Program in a Township Area, Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Na Kim ◽  
Wook-Sung Kong ◽  
Jung-Ha Lee ◽  
Jin-Bom Kim
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Community Water ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aged Subjects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Community Water Fluoridation ◽  
And Control

Since 2000, a community water fluoridation program (CWFP) has been implemented in Hapcheon for over 15 years. We aimed to evaluate the caries-reducing effect on permanent teeth after this implementation. In 2015, evaluation surveys were conducted by our study group, 498 subjects aged 8, 10, 12, and 15 years. As the control, 952 similarly aged subjects were selected from the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2015 KNHANES). Data of a prospective cohort of 671 8-,10- and 12-year-olds, collected when CWFP started, were used for the evaluation. Caries-reducing effects were estimated by decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) scores between CWFP and control groups, pre- and post-program. Confounders including the mean number of sealant teeth and gender were adjusted for. The mean adjusted DMFT scores of 10-, 12- and 15-year-olds in Hapcheon were significantly lower compared to KNHANES DMFT scores; in addition, those of 8-, 10- and 12-year-olds after the 15-year CWFP were significantly lower than in 2000. The caries-reducing effect among 12-year-olds was 37.6% compared to those recorded in KNHANES, and 67.4% compared to those in 2000. In conclusion, the caries-reducing effect was so high that health policy makers should consider CWFP as a priority policy for caries-reducing in Korean children and adolescents.

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