scholarly journals An Innovative Bioceramic Bone Graft Substitute for Bone Defect Treatment: In Vivo Evaluation of Bone Healing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8303
Author(s):  
Syamsiah Syam ◽  
Yung-Chieh Cho ◽  
Chung-Ming Liu ◽  
Mao-Suan Huang ◽  
Wen-Chien Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Tomography Image ◽  
Computed Tomography Image ◽  
Bone Defect Treatment

This study aimed to analyze characteristics of an innovative α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (α-CSH) bioceramic and bone healing and regeneration characteristics following its implantation on artificially created defects of rat models and human jaw defects. The α-CSH bioceramic was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and thermal-imaging instruments. The material was implanted on artificially created defects in a rat’s right hind leg bone and observed histologically after three days and seven weeks. The material was also implanted in patients with bone defects in the posterior maxillary, then observed immediately and six months post-treatment by panoramic and computed tomography image. The FE-SEM confirm this material is a uniform-shaped short column crystal, while the EDS measurement reveals calcium as the most component in this material. Thermal observation shows temperature change during the setting time is less than 2 °C, and the maximum temperature reached is 31 °C. In the histological analysis, α-CSH bioceramic shows new trabecular bone formation and absorbed material at seven weeks post-treatment. Moreover, panoramic and computed tomography image shows intact bone six months post-treatment. Therefore, this study suggests that the innovative α-CSH bioceramic can be useful in bone defect treatment.

A Geometric Model of the Beating Heart

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (03) ◽  
pp. 282-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lorenz ◽  
J. von Berg
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Tomography Image ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Computed Tomography Image

Summary Objectives : A comprehensive model of the human heart that covers multiple surfaces, like those of the four chambers and the attached vessels, is presented. It also contains the coronary arteries and a set of 25 anatomical landmarks. The statistical model is intended to provide a priori information for automated diagnostic and interventional procedures. Methods : The end-diastolic phase of the model was adapted to fit 27 clinical multi-slice computed tomography images, thus reflecting the anatomical variability to be observed in that sample. A mean cardiac motion model was also calculated from a set of eleven multi-phase computed tomography image sets. A number of experiments were performed to determine the accuracy of model-based predictions done on unseen cardiac images. Results : Using an additional deformable surface technique, the model allows for determination of all chambers and the attached vessels on the basis of given anatomical landmarks with an average accuracy of 1.1 mm. After such an individualization of the model by surface adaptation the centerlines of the three main coronary arteries may be estimated with an average accuracy of 5.2 mm. The mean motion model was used to estimate the cardiac phase of an unknown multislice computed tomography image. Conclusion : The mean shape model of the human heart as presented here complements automated image analysis methods with the required a priori information about anatomical constraints to make them work fast and robustly.

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