scholarly journals Measuring the Lighting Quality in Academic Institutions: The UPM Faculty of Aerospace Engineering (Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8345
Author(s):  
María Zamarreño-Suárez ◽  
Daniel Alcala-Gonzalez ◽  
Daniel Alfonso-Corcuera ◽  
Santiago Pindado
Keyword(s):  
Measured Data ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Aerospace Engineering ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Lighting Simulation ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lighting Systems

This article analyzes the current status of the lighting quality at the Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Aeronáutica y del Espacio (ETSIAE), the aerospace engineering faculty at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), and evaluates possible improvement actions based on the use of DIALux® lighting simulation software together with measured data. The results show rather low levels of measured illuminance on classroom desks and blackboards in one of the buildings comprising the faculty. The improvements proposed (a new coat of paint on the walls and replacement of luminaires) were simulated in four individual classrooms representing all rooms in two of the ETSIAE buildings (where the lower illuminance levels were measured). In order to study these improvements, the current situation of the four selected classrooms was simulated using DIALux® and fine-tuning attenuation of the luminaires to take into account their wear and tear. The correlation between the DIALux® simulation and the test results was analyzed with quite good results. The results clearly reveal a need to fully replace the classroom lighting systems in ETSIAE building A (the oldest building, dating back to 1955). According to the results from the selected classrooms, the average lighting over the desks can be greatly improved by using LED technology in order to meet UNE 12464-1 standard (that is, 500 lx, from an initial situation with much lower illuminance values: 129 lx to 295 lx). This article represents an innovative way to perform lighting improvement projects as real measured lighting data is used as initial input for the lighting simulations.

Daylight for Spaces Defined by Movable Walls

2015 ◽  
Vol 808 ◽  
pp. 239-245
Author(s):  
Daniel Banyai ◽  
Mihai Dragomir ◽  
Ştefan Bodi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Natural Sunlight ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Lighting Simulation ◽  
Lighting Systems

The present article deals with the designing proper interior spaces in a reconfigurable manner while at the same time ensuring the much needed daylight for people spending a considerable amount of times indoors. The necessity for this study has appeared as part of a design effort of a furniture start-up company interested in producing movable walls for office and conference spaces, when it became apparent that many times the spaces obtained in this way are devoid of natural sunlight. 3D modeling software was used for creating the desired configuration and a specialized lighting simulation software, DIALux, was employed to study the possibilities of improving lighting conditions. The paper presents an approach that can be used to design and configure hybrid lighting systems, obtaining improvements in lighting costs of up to 30% for interior spaces defined by movable walls.

Trihalomethane Formation Potential and Disinfection

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
C.R. Erland Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Operational Data ◽  
Surface Water Supply

Abstract The UVOX process was developed to reduce the high concentrations of trihalomethanes, a potentially hazardous disinfection by-product found in a surface water supply for a community in northeastern Saskatchewan. Pilot plant tests were conducted at a throughput of 1.25 l/s utilizing UV to produce hydroxyl radicals from photolysis of H2O2 with air cooled UV units. These tests continued through 1985 andl986 to provide operational data for all seasons of the year. Test results indicated that the UVOX process was effective in reducing trihalomethane formation potential to very low levels. Recent concerns have also centred on the biocidal effectivenesss of disinfectants, particularly when applied to inactivation of resistant species of microogranisms, such as the cysts of Giardia lamblia. The UVOX process in a single pass configuration slightly enhanced the ability of UV to inactivate Giardia cysts.

Antimicrobial Peptides: A Promising Avenue for Human Healthcare

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girish M. Bhopale
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Spectrum Activity ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Human Healthcare ◽  
Broad Spectrum Activity ◽  
Promising Avenue

Antimicrobial drugs resistant microbes have been observed worldwide and therefore alternative development of antimicrobial peptides has gained interest in human healthcare. Enormous progress has been made in the development of antimicrobial peptide during the last decade due to major advantages of AMPs such as broad-spectrum activity and low levels of induced resistance over the current antimicrobial agents. This review briefly provides various categories of AMP, their physicochemical properties and mechanism of action which governs their penetration into microbial cell. Further, the recent information on current status of antimicrobial peptide development, their applications and perspective in human healthcare are also described.

An efficiency improvement of flexible flow shop scheduling in automotive part company

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Waraporn Fangrit ◽  
Hwa Jen Yap ◽  
Mukhtar Fatihu Hamza ◽  
Siow-Wee Chang ◽  
Keem Siah Yap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tabu Search ◽  
Flow Shop ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Flow Shop Scheduling ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Flexible Flow Shop ◽  
Shop Scheduling ◽  
Scheduling Method ◽  
Automotive Part ◽  
Flexible Flow Shop Scheduling

Flexible flow shop is becoming more interested and applied in industries due to its impact from higher workloads. Flexible flow shop scheduling problem is focused to minimize the makespan. A metaheuristic model based on Hybrid Tabu Search is developed to overcome this problem. Firstly, Hybrid Tabu Search is modelled based on the factory data. The Earliest Due Date rule is used as the scheduling method for the current status. FlexSim simulation software is used to evaluate the Hybrid Tabu Search model. The outcome is validated with two different basic heuristic solutions; Campbell, Dudek and Smith’s and Gupta’s heuristics. It is found that the proposed model can improve the job sequence based on makespan criteria.

Risk assessment of waterborne protozoa: current status and future trends

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. GIBSON ◽  
C. N. HAAS ◽  
J. B. ROSE
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Chemical Risk Assessment ◽  
Low Levels

Throughout the past decade much research has been directed towards identifying the occurrence, epidemiology, and risks associated with waterborne protozoa. While outbreaks are continually documented, sporadic cases of disease associated with exposure to low levels of waterborne protozoa are of increasing concern. Current methodologies may not be sensitive enough to define these low levels of disease. However, risk assessment methods may be utilised to address these low level contamination events. The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to microbial risk assessment for waterborne protozoa. Risk assessment is a useful tool for evaluating relative risks and can be used for development of policies to decrease risks. Numerous studies have been published on risk assessment methods for pathogenic protozoa including Cryptosporidium and Giardia. One common notion prevails: microbial risk assessment presents interesting complications to the traditional chemical risk assessment paradigm. Single microbial exposures (non-threshold) are capable of causing symptomatic illness unlike traditional chemical exposures, which require a threshold to be reached. Due to the lack of efficient recovery and detection methods for protozoa, we may be underestimating the occurrence, concentration and distribution of these pathogenic micro-organisms. To better utilize the tool of microbial risk assessment for risk management practices, future research should focus in the area of exposure assessment.

scholarly journals Measures for Resource Saving for Diesel Locomotives

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.3) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmytro Aulin ◽  
Artem Zinkivskyi ◽  
Oleksandr Anatskyi ◽  
Dmytro Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Initial Moment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Railway Industry ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Cylinder Piston ◽  
Engine Components

This article discusses the measures for efficient use of fuel and energy resources in the railway industry. The calculation of the initial moment of starting the diesel engine and the necessary position of its crankshaft is made, on the basis of which it is proposed to modernize the locomotive start-up system with a decompressor. These measures are aimed at reducing the dynamic loads of engine components and reducing their wear and tear, as well as failure preventing. A method for the clean-up of fuel systems and the cylinder-piston diesel engine group of diesel locomotives was developed and tested using a special cleaning liquid that dissolves and removes solidified particles from pipelines and tanks. Measures have been proposed on the use of advanced models to test the modernized locomotives that will reduce the duration of the tests, resource and economic costs. The use of advanced testing model involves choosing the level of accuracy of the test results and, consequently, their duration and cost.  

scholarly journals Japanese Language and "Characters": From the Perspective of Teaching Japanese as a Foreign Language

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Yukiko SHUKURI
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Proficiency Test ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Textbook Research ◽  
Language Proficiency Test

This paper introduces current status of "role language" and the "speaker's character" and their applications in Japanese teaching materials. Besides it studies the knowledge of Russian learners of Japanese and carefully examines their knowledge of four typical kinds of "role language" in Japanese anime and manga by using a questionnaire and follow-up interviews. From the results of the textbook research, the following two things are revealed; (a) first person pronouns except for watashi are rarely used, (b) there is not enough explanations about different "speaker's characters" in detail. Furthermore, findings of the questionnaire show that some of the learners who have the same impression of the characters as Japanese native speakers, wrongly connect a certain "role language" to illustrations of a character, and results of as much as three kinds of "role language" have a low positive correlation with the learners' results of the Japanese Language Proficiency Test. Results also reveal that all four kinds of "role language" have no correlation with other factors, such as student's duration of learning Japanese, or frequency of the use of Japanese outside the classroom.

scholarly journals North Sea cod recovery?

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Horwood ◽  
Carl O'Brien ◽  
Chris Darby
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Stock Assessments ◽  
Low Levels

AbstractRecovery of depleted marine, demersal, commercial fish stocks has proved elusive worldwide. As yet, just a few shared or highly migratory stocks have been restored. Here we review the current status of the depleted North Sea cod (Gadus morhua), the scientific advice to managers, and the recovery measures in place. Monitoring the progress of North Sea cod recovery is now hampered by considerable uncertainties in stock assessments associated with low stock size, variable survey indices, and inaccurate catch data. In addition, questions arise as to whether recovery targets are achievable in a changing natural environment. We show that current targets are achievable with fishing mortality rates that are compatible with international agreements even if recruitment levels remain at the current low levels. Furthermore, recent collations of data on international fishing effort have allowed estimation of the cuts in fishing mortality achieved by restrictions on North Sea effort. By the beginning of 2005, these restrictions are estimated to have reduced fishing mortality rates by about 37%. This is insufficient to ensure recovery of North Sea cod within the next decade.

scholarly journals Genuine and false pre-consolidation and yield pressures

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 05001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence D Wesley
Keyword(s):  
Measured Data ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Log P ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Linear Scale ◽  
Consolidation Pressure ◽  
Oedometer Test ◽  
The Way

“It remains a mystery why the international profession still uses the awkward e-log p plots, and the incomplete and useless coefficient Cc which is not even determined from the measured data, but from a constructed line outside the measurements”. These are the words of Nilmar Janbu (1998). This paper does not solve the mystery; what it does is highlight the issue behind the mystery in the hope that the profession will face up to the defects of the log scale. An examination is made of oedometer test results when plotted to both scales. Examples are given for sedimentary and residual clays, and sands. It is shown that the e-logp plot routinely produces graphs from which pre-consolidation pressures or yield pressures can be determined. However, when plotted using an arithmetic (linear) scale, this apparent pre-consolidation or yield pressure is found, in most cases, to disappear. It is a false value created by the way the data are plotted. The paper does not deny that pre-consolidation or yield pressures exist in many soils; it gives examples for each of the soil types listed above. It is recommended that the term “yield pressure” be used in preference to “pre-consolidation pressure”, and that only the use of a linear scale will reveal whether such a pressure exists.

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