Simulation of Biomass Combustion with Modified Flue Gas Tract

The combustion of biomass is accompanied by the formation of particulate matter, the presence of which in the atmosphere harms human health. It is important to show the issues of reducing these pollutants and their impact on human health. This article focuses on the process of biomass combustion. The used model consists of two parts: the combustion chamber and the flue gas tract. The article shows four types of modification of the flue gas tract designed to reduce the amount of particulate matter in the atmosphere. Baffles are located in the flue gas tract, which is designed to capture the particulate matter. The final model is simulated by turbulent–viscosity models, k-ε realizable model, and then k-ω shear stress transport model. The interaction between turbulence and chemical reactions is expressed by using the Eddy Dissipation Concept model. The results then show different profiles of temperature, velocity, and particle distribution. Based on the evaluated data from two different calculations, it can be concluded that the baffles have a significant effect on the reduction of particulate matter in the atmosphere. The used baffles are able to capture mainly particles with a diameter greater than 100 µm. A significant number of particles with a diameter lower than 100 µm flows from the flue gas tract to the surrounding environment.

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High-resolution sampling and analysis of ambient particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta region of southern China: source apportionment and health risk implications

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-18-2049-2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 2049-2064 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Shengzhen Zhou ◽

Perry K. Davy ◽

Minjuan Huang ◽

Jingbo Duan ◽

Xuemei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Human Health ◽

Coal Combustion ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Biomass Combustion ◽

Pearl River Delta Region ◽

Combustion Source ◽

The Pearl River

Abstract. Hazardous air pollutants, such as trace elements in particulate matter (PM), are known or highly suspected to cause detrimental effects on human health. To understand the sources and associated risks of PM to human health, hourly time-integrated major trace elements in size-segregated coarse (PM2.5–10) and fine (PM2.5) particulate matter were collected at the industrial city of Foshan in the Pearl River Delta region, China. Receptor modeling of the data set by positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to identify six sources contributing to PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations at the site. Dominant sources included industrial coal combustion, secondary inorganic aerosol, motor vehicles and construction dust along with two intermittent sources (biomass combustion and marine aerosol). The biomass combustion source was found to be a significant contributor to peak PM2.5 episodes along with motor vehicles and industrial coal combustion. Conditional probability function (CPF) analysis was applied to estimate the source locations using the PMF-resolved source contribution coupled with the surface wind direction data. Health exposure risk of hazardous trace elements (Pb, As, Si, Cr, Mn and Ni) and source-specific values were estimated. The total hazard quotient (HQ) of PM2.5 was 2.09, higher than the acceptable limit (HQ = 1). The total carcinogenic risk (CR) was 3.37 × 10−3 for PM2.5, which was 3 times higher than the least stringent limit (1.0 × 10−4). Among the selected trace elements, As and Pb posed the highest non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to human health, respectively. In addition, our results show that the industrial coal combustion source is the dominant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk contributor, highlighting the need for stringent control of this source. This study provides new insight for policy makers to prioritize sources in air quality management and health risk reduction.

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High-resolution sampling and analysis of ambient particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta region of Southern China: source apportionment and health risk implications

10.5194/acp-2017-807 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Shengzhen Zhou ◽

Perry K. Davy ◽

Minjuan Huang ◽

Jingbo Duan ◽

Xuemei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Human Health ◽

Coal Combustion ◽

Pearl River Delta ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Biomass Combustion ◽

Pearl River Delta Region ◽

Combustion Source ◽

The Pearl River

Abstract. Hazardous air pollutants, such as trace elements in particulate matter (PM), are known or highly suspected to cause detrimental effects on human health. To understand the sources and associated risks of PM to human health, hourly time-integrated major trace elements in size-segregated coarse (PM2.5–10) and fine (PM2.5) particulate matter were collected at the industrial city of Foshan in the Pearl River Delta region, China. Receptor modeling of the dataset by positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to identify six sources contributing to PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations at the site. Dominant sources included industrial coal combustion, secondary inorganic aerosol, motor vehicles and construction dust along with two intermittent sources (biomass combustion and marine aerosol). The biomass combustion source was found to be a significant contributor to peak PM2.5 episodes along with motor vehicles and industrial coal combustion. Conditional probability function (CPF) was applied to estimate the source locations using the PMF-resolved source contribution coupled with the surface wind direction data. Health exposure risk of hazardous trace elements (Pb, As, Si, Cr, Mn and Ni) and source-specific values were estimated. The total hazard quotient (HQ) of PM2.5 was 2.09, higher than the acceptable limit (HQ = 1). The total carcinogenic risk (CR) was 3.37 × 10−3 for PM2.5, which was three times higher than the most tolerable limit (1.0 × 10−4). Among the selected trace elements, As and Pb posed the highest non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to human health, respectively. In addition, our results showed that industrial coal combustion source was the dominant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks contributor, highlighting the need for stringent control of this source. This study provides new insight for policy makers to prioritize sources in air quality management and health risk reduction.

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Assessments of Gaseous and Particulate Matter Emissions from Biomass Combustion and their Effect on Human Health

Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research ◽

10.26717/bjstr.2019.17.002979 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marzouk Lajili

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Human Health ◽

Biomass Combustion ◽

Particulate Matter Emissions

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Numerical Modeling of Unsteady Cloud Cavitation around a Clark-Y Hydrofoil Based on Modified SST Model

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3340 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 448-453 ◽

pp. 3340-3343 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guang Jian Zhang ◽

Wei Dong Shi

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Transport Model ◽

Turbulent Viscosity ◽

Lift Coefficient ◽

Correction Function ◽

Cavitation Model ◽

Cloud Cavitation ◽

Sst Model ◽

Rear Part ◽

Shear Stress Transport Model

A density correction function was introduced into SST (shear stress transport) model in CFX by user defined subroutine. The unsteady cloud cavitation around a Clark-y hydrofoil was numerically simulated using the modified SST model, associated with Zwart cavitation model. The quasi-periodic evolution of cloud cavity and lift coefficient variation were analysed. The results compared with experimental data show that the modified SST model reduces turbulent viscosity in the rear part of cavity and the reentrant jet in cloud cavitation is predicted. The quasi-periodic evolution of cavity generation, development and collapse is captured accurately and the calculated lift coefficient curve is consistent with the experimental date. It can be concluded that the modified SST model used in this paper has a good applicability in the unsteady cloud cavitation simulation.

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Importance of flue gas cooling conditions in particulate matter formation during biomass combustion under conditions pertinent to pulverized fuel applications

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute ◽

10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.152 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sui Boon Liaw ◽

Hongwei Wu

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Biomass Combustion ◽

Cooling Conditions ◽

Pulverized Fuel ◽

Gas Cooling ◽

Particulate Matter Formation

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Geochemical and Mineralogical Characteristics of Airborne Particulate Matter in Relation to Human Health Risk

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min10100866 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 866 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marzena Rachwał ◽

Małgorzata Wawer ◽

Mariola Jabłońska ◽

Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska ◽

Patrycja Rogula-Kopiec

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Susceptibility ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Human Health ◽

Magnetic Particles ◽

Rank Order ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Airborne Particulate Matter ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Average Concentration ◽

Health Indices

The main objective of this research was the determination of the geochemical and mineralogical properties of particulate matter: TSP (total suspended particles) and, especially PM1 (particles with aerodynamic diameter not greater than 1 µm) suspended in the air of a selected urban area in southern Poland. Identification of the emission sources of metals and metalloids bound in TSP and PM1 as well as the assessment of potential risk of urban ambient air to human health using hazard indices was an additional aim of this investigation. The daily TSP and PM1 quartz fiber filters collected during heating season were subjected to mass magnetic susceptibility (χ) measurements, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) observations and geochemical analyses. Obtained results revealed that the concentration of TSP and PM1 well correlated with their mass-specific magnetic susceptibility. The good relationship between the PM concentration and χ suggests that magnetic susceptibility measurements can be a good proxy of low-level atmospheric dust pollution. The rank order of potentially toxic elements (PTE) based on average concentration was Ba > Zn > Al > Fe > Pb > Mn > Ti > Cu > Cr > Ni >As > Cd > V > Tl, both for TSP and PM1. PM1/TSP ratios for PTE concentrations and χ were around or slightly above unity, which indicated that PM1 was the main carrier of PTE (with the exception of cadmium, copper and lead) and technogenic magnetic particles. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were confirmed by very high values of human health indices.

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Effects of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization and Wet Electrostatic Precipitator on Particulate Matter and Sulfur Oxide Emission in Coal-Fired Power Plants

Energy & Fuels ◽

10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c03222 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (12) ◽

pp. 16423-16432

Author(s):

Fuxin Yang ◽

Hexin Liu ◽

Peng Feng ◽

Zhenghong Li ◽

Houzhang Tan

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Power Plants ◽

Electrostatic Precipitator ◽

Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽

Sulfur Oxide

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Dependence of the Flue Gas Flow on the Setting of the Separation Baffle in the Flue Gas Tract

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11072961 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 2961

Author(s):

Nikola Čajová Kantová ◽

Alexander Čaja ◽

Marek Patsch ◽

Michal Holubčík ◽

Peter Ďurčanský

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Gas Flow ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Cfd Simulations ◽

Piv Measurements ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽

Particle Imaging ◽

Combustion Of Solid Fuels

With the combustion of solid fuels, emissions such as particulate matter are also formed, which have a negative impact on human health. Reducing their amount in the air can be achieved by optimizing the combustion process as well as the flue gas flow. This article aims to optimize the flue gas tract using separation baffles. This design can make it possible to capture particulate matter by using three baffles and prevent it from escaping into the air in the flue gas. The geometric parameters of the first baffle were changed twice more. The dependence of the flue gas flow on the baffles was first observed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and subsequently verified by the particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) method. Based on the CFD results, the most effective is setting 1 with the same boundary conditions as those during experimental PIV measurements. Setting 2 can capture 1.8% less particles and setting 3 can capture 0.6% less particles than setting 1. Based on the stoichiometric calculations, it would be possible to capture up to 62.3% of the particles in setting 1. The velocities comparison obtained from CFD and PIV confirmed the supposed character of the turbulent flow with vortexes appearing in the flue gas tract, despite some inaccuracies.

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