scholarly journals Behavior of Primary Human Oral Keratinocytes Grown on Invisalign® SmartTrack® Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2826
Author(s):  
Michael Nemec ◽  
Hans Magnus Bartholomaeus ◽  
Christian Wehner ◽  
Christian Behm ◽  
Hassan Ali Shokoohi-Tabrizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
World Market ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Oral Keratinocytes ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Cellular Effects ◽  
Clear Aligner ◽  
Cells Cultured

Orthodontic clear aligner treatment is gaining tremendous popularity. The world market leader is Align Technology® and its product Invisalign®. Although numerous patients are treated with Invisalign® aligners, only little is known about the cellular effects of aligner material on oral epithelial cells. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of SmartTrack® clear aligner material on directly cultured primary human oral keratinocytes (HOKs). Cell morphology and behavior were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and bright field microscopy. Aligner effects on viability were detected by cell-counting-kit (CCK)-8 and live/dead staining. Gene expression of several inflammatory and barrier proteins was assessed by qPCR. Cells cultured on tissue culture plastic served as control. Cell proliferation/viability was significantly lower in cells cultured on aligner material (p < 0.05) in comparison to control. Live/dead staining did not reveal an increase in the number of dead cells on aligner surfaces. After two and seven days of incubation, interleukin (IL)-6 expression decreased, and IL-8 expression increased in HOKs cultured on aligner surfaces. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) significantly decreased after seven days. Gene expression of epithelial barrier markers showed that integrin (ITG)-α6 significantly decreased after two and seven days. A significant decrease in ITG-β4 and E-cadherin expression levels compared to control could only be seen after seven days. We did not find any cytotoxic effect, but alterations in the cell’s barrier functions and inflammatory reaction were obvious. Clinical studies are required to give further insights into clinical reactions on the underlying aligner material of this quickly expanding orthodontic appliance.

scholarly journals Regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene expression involves multiple mRNA stabilization mechanisms: effects of interferon- gamma and phorbol myristate acetate

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 2632-2639 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ohh ◽  
CA Smith ◽  
C Carpenito ◽  
F Takei
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Phorbol Myristate Acetate ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Myristate Acetate ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Mrna Stabilization

Abstract Although the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is constitutively expressed at a low level on a subpopulation of hematopoietic cells, on vascular endothelium, on fibroblasts, and on certain epithelial cells, it is dramatically increased at sites of inflammation. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) are known to increase the expression of ICAM-1 on many cell types. Because both human and murine ICAM-1 mRNAs contain putative destabilizing AUUUA sequences in their 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs), we examined the role of mRNA stability in the regulation of ICAM-1 gene expression. The treatment of the murine monocytic cell line P388D1, which constitutively expresses ICAM-1 mRNA at a low level, with IFN- gamma or PMA rapidly enhanced the level of ICAM-1 mRNA and dramatically prolonged its half-life. To determine whether the putative destabilizing sequences are responsible for this effect of IFN-gamma and PMA, fibroblast L cells were transfected with either the full- length ICAM-1 cDNA or a truncated form (ICAM-1 delta 3) lacking the putative destabilizing AUUUA sequences. Although ICAM-1 delta 3 mRNA was more stable than the full-length ICAM-1 mRNA, IFN-gamma treatment induced the accumulation of both mRNA species and prolongation of their half-lives. The transplantation of the ICAM-1 delta 3′ UTR into a stable ICAM-2 mRNA rendered it unstable, and it was unresponsive to IFN- gamma. Therefore, the treatment with IFN-gamma stabilizes the otherwise labile ICAM-1 mRNA, but the IFN-gamma-responsive sequence may at least in part reside within the protein coding region. PMA also upregulated ICAM-1 gene expression by mRNA stabilization. However, unlike IFN- gamma, PMA treatment only increased the level of the full-length, but not of the truncated, ICAM-1 mRNA. This shows that the PMA-responsive element is located within the 3′UTR. Furthermore, the effect of PMA on ICAM-1 delta 3 mRNA was recovered by ligating multiple AUUUA sequences derived from a heterologous gene fragment. The stability of this chimeric mRNA and the full-length ICAM-1 mRNA was markedly increased by PMA treatment, indicating that the AUUUA multimers in the 3′UTR are important in the PMA-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 mRNA.

Diet-induced obesity and hepatic gene expression alterations in C57BL/6J and ICAM-1-deficient mice

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (3) ◽  
pp. E703-E713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine M. Gregoire ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Steven J. Smith ◽  
Carmen Tong ◽  
David Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Affymetrix Genechips ◽  
Element Binding Protein ◽  
Liver Gene ◽  
Deficient Mice

The effects of high-fat feeding on the development of obesity were evaluated in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) knockout and C57BL/6J (B6) male mice fed a high-fat diet for ≤50 days. Serum and tissues were collected at baseline and after 1, 11, and 50 days on the diet. After 11 days on the diet, ICAM-1-deficient, but not B6, mice developed fatty livers and showed a significant increase in inguinal fat pad weight. At day 50, ICAM-1-deficient mice weighed less, and their adiposity index and circulating leptin levels were significantly lower than those of B6 controls. To better understand the early differential response to the diet, liver gene expression was analyzed at three time points by use of Affymetrix GeneChips. In both strains, a similar pattern of gene expression was detected in response to the high-fat diet. However, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1, apolipoprotein A4, and adipsin mRNAs were significantly induced in ICAM-1-deficient livers, suggesting that these genes and their associated pathways may be involved in the acute diet response observed in the knockout mice.

Corrigendum to: 198 AGE EFFECT ON RELATIVE GENE EXPRESSION OF BOVINE SPERMATOGONIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
M. I. Giassetti ◽  
P. V. Moreira ◽  
M. D. Goissis ◽  
F. R. Oliveira de Barros ◽  
J. C. Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Culture Dish ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Relative Gene

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have important applications in treatments for infertility and animal transgenesis. However, the isolation of bovine SSCs is less efficient than for other species and it is lower for adult bulls. The goal of this study was to verify whether the relative gene expression of spermatogonia is affected by age after the laminin differential plating. Ten grams of parenchyma of testicles from pre-pubertal animals (5 months of age, n = 5) and bulls (3–4 years of age, n = 5) were minced and digested: colagenase (1 mg mL–1) for 30 min at 37°C and trypsin (2.5 mg mL–1) for 5 min at 37°C. Cells were plated (3 × 106 viable cells) in 60-mm culture dish covered with laminin (20 ng mL–1) and they were cultured for 15 min in high-humidity atmosphere with 5% of CO2 at 37°C. The adherent cells were recovered by enzymatic digestion with 0.1% trypsin for 1 min at 37°C. Viable cells were selected by the Trypan exclusion method, RNA was extracted from ~200.000 viable cells (Ilustra RNAspin Mini RNA, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA) and cDNA synthesis was performed (SuperScript® VILO™, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). ITGA6 (integrin, α 6), SELP (Selectin P) and ICAM (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1) relative gene expression were determined by real-time RT-PCR (Mastercycler ep Realplex, Eppendorf International, Hamburg, Germany); GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase) and ACTB (actin β) were used as housekeeping genes. The statistical analysis was performed by QPCR_MIXED (SAS®, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). An α level at 0.05 was always adopted. ITGA6 and ICAM1 relative expression weren't effected by age; respectively, P = 0.2367 and P = 0.3583. However, SELP was highly expressed in adult bulls (P = 0.0022). Previously, ICAM1 and SELP have also been shown to mark aging haematopoietic stem cells and were more highly expressed in spermatogonia from adult mice than younger. However, SELP is expressed in more differentiated spermatogenic cells such as human sperm. The expression levels of ITGA6 did not seem to be significantly altered by age, indicating that age affects only certain SSC properties. Financial support was provided by FAPESP (CEUA/FMVZ/USP 2509/2011).

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