Carotenoid Accumulation and the Expression of Carotenoid Metabolic Genes in Mango during Fruit Development and Ripening

Carotenoids are considered to be important components in mango fruits. However, there is a lack of understanding about the regulation of carotenoids in mango. To gain an insight into the carotenoid metabolism pathway, carotenoid content and the expression of carotenoid metabolic genes were investigated in the peel and pulp of mango during fruit development and ripening in three cultivars, ‘Kaituk’, ‘Nam Dok Mai No.4′, and ‘Nam Dok Mai Sithong’, which are different in color. The highest carotenoid content was observed in ‘Kaituk’, followed by ‘Nam Dok Mai No.4′ and ‘Nam Dok Mai Sithong’, with the major carotenoid being β-carotene. The gene expression analysis found that carotenoid metabolism in mango fruit was primarily regulated at the transcriptional level. The changing patterns of carotenoid biosynthetic gene expression (MiPSY, MiPDS, MiZDS, MiCRTISO, MiLCYb, MiLCYe, MiHYb, and MiZEP) were similar to carotenoid accumulation, and ‘Kaituk’ exhibited a higher expression level than the other two cultivars. In addition, the differential regulation of carotenoid catabolic genes was found to be a mechanism responsible for variability in carotenoid content among the three mango cultivars. The expression of carotenoid catabolic genes (MiCCD1, MiNCED2, and MiNCED3) more rapidly decreased in ‘Kaituk’, resulting in a larger amount of carotenoids in ‘Kaituk’ than the other two cultivars.

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Carotenogenic Gene Expression and Carotenoid Accumulation in Three Varieties of Cucurbita pepo during Fruit Development

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf4004576 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (26) ◽

pp. 6393-6403 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Ángeles Obrero ◽

Clara I. González-Verdejo ◽

Jose V. Die ◽

Pedro Gómez ◽

Mercedes Del Río-Celestino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fruit Development ◽

Cucurbita Pepo ◽

Carotenoid Accumulation

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Phylogenetic and expression analysis of protein disulfide isomerase unravels good reference genes for gene expression studies in pear and peach fruits

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.1139/cjps-2017-0302 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 98 (5) ◽

pp. 1045-1057

Author(s):

Ya-Qi Ke ◽

Hai-Yan Cheng ◽

Xing Liu ◽

Ming-Yue Zhang ◽

Chao Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fruit Development ◽

Reference Genes ◽

Protein Disulfide Isomerase ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Disulfide Isomerase ◽

Expression Studies ◽

Fruit Development And Ripening ◽

Gene Expression Studies ◽

Protein Disulfide

Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is an important enzyme for protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum. The PDI gene family has been systematically studied in Arabidopsis, barley, rice, and bread wheat; however, little is known about this gene family and their roles during fruit development and ripening in fruit trees. In this study, 63 PDI genes were isolated from 8 fruit trees. Phylogenetic trees showed that these genes were clustered into six different groups, designated as A to F. In the groups, the PDI genes had significant differences in gene structure and conserved regions. The chromosome location of each PDI gene was determined in complete genome-assembly fruit trees and the synteny of chromosome segments was detected among peach, pear, and strawberry. Expression profiles of PDI genes in peach, pear, and strawberry showed that nearly all genes in group D and E were more highly expressed in developmental and ripening fruit tissues than those in other groups, while all genes in group A and B presented the lowest levels of expression in fruits of each stage. Moreover, qRT-PCR analyses revealed that these expressed genes were stable expressed in pear and peach fruits, as well as the reported reference genes. Eventually, PbPDI.F1 presented the highest expression stability in pear fruit while PpPDI.F displayed stronger stability than other genes in peach fruit. Thus, these two genes, which were clustered in group F, are good reference genes for gene expression studies during fruit development and ripening.

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Sphingolipid Distribution, Content and Gene Expression during Olive-Fruit Development and Ripening

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2018.00028 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Carla Inês ◽

Maria C. Parra-Lobato ◽

Miguel A. Paredes ◽

Juana Labrador ◽

Mercedes Gallardo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fruit Development ◽

Olive Fruit ◽

Fruit Development And Ripening

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Changes in the abscisic acid levels and related gene expression during fruit development and ripening in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.)

Phytochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.06.023 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

pp. 127-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Katja Karppinen ◽

Elina Hirvelä ◽

Tiina Nevala ◽

Nina Sipari ◽

Marko Suokas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Abscisic Acid ◽

Fruit Development ◽

Vaccinium Myrtillus ◽

Related Gene ◽

Fruit Development And Ripening ◽

Vaccinium Myrtillus L

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Developmental Variation in Fruit Polyphenol Content and Related Gene Expression of a Red-Fruited versus a White-Fruited Fragaria vesca Genotype

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae4040030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Sutapa Roy ◽

Sanjay Singh ◽

Douglas Archbold

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Fruit Development ◽

Biosynthetic Pathway ◽

Receptor Gene ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Related Gene ◽

Pathway Gene ◽

Fruit Development And Ripening ◽

Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway

Two cultivars of F. vesca, red-fruited Baron Solemacher (BS) and white-fruited Pineapple Crush (PC), were studied to compare and contrast the quantitative accumulation of major polyphenols and related biosynthetic pathway gene expression patterns during fruit development and ripening. Developing PC fruit showed higher levels of hydroxycinnamic acids in green stages and a greater accumulation of ellagitannins in ripe fruit in comparison to BS. In addition to anthocyanin, red BS fruit had greater levels of flavan-3-ols when ripe than PC. Expression patterns of key structural genes and transcription factors of the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, an abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic gene, and a putative ABA receptor gene that may regulate the pathway, were also analyzed during fruit development and ripening to determine which genes exhibited differences in expression and when such differences were first evident. Expression of all pathway genes differed between the red BS and white PC at one or more times during development, most notably at ripening when phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1), chalcone synthase (CHS), flavanone-3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), and UDP:flavonoid-O-glucosyltransferase 1 (UFGT1) were significantly upregulated in the red BS fruit. The transcription factors MYB1 and MYB10 did not differ substantially between red and white fruit except at ripening, when both the putative repressor MYB1 and promoter MYB10 were upregulated in red BS but not white PC fruit. The expression of ABA-related gene 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 1 (NCED1) was higher in red BS fruit but only in the early green stages of development. Thus, a multigenic effect at several points in the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthetic pathway due to lack of MYB10 upregulation may have resulted in white PC fruit.

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Analyses of Key Gene Networks Controlling Carotenoid Metabolism in Xiangfen 1 Banana

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1049305/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chen Dong ◽

Jiuxiang Wang ◽

Yulin Hu ◽

Weijun Xiao ◽

Huigang Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fruit Development ◽

Gene Networks ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Carotenoid Content ◽

Banana Fruit ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Transcription Factor Genes ◽

Key Enzyme ◽

Late Stages

Abstract Background: Banana fruits are rich in various high-value metabolites and play a key role in the human diet. Of these components, carotenoids have attracted considerable attention due to their physiological role and human health care functions. However, the accumulation patterns of carotenoids and genome-wide analysis of gene expression during banana fruit development have not been comprehensively evaluated. Results: In the present study, an integrative analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles in banana fruit with three different development stages was performed. A total of 11 carotenoid compounds were identified, and most of these compounds showed markedly higher abundances in mature green and/or mature fruit than in young fruit. Results were linked to the high expression of carotenoid synthesis and regulatory genes in the middle and late stages of fruit development. Co-expression network analysis revealed that 79 differentially expressed transcription factor genes may be responsible for the regulation of LCYB, a key enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of α- and β-carotene. Conclusions: Collectively, the study provided new insights into the understanding of dynamic changes in carotenoid content and gene expression level during banana fruit development.

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