scholarly journals Probability Characteristics, Area Reduction, and Wind Directionality Effects of Extreme Pressure Coefficients of High-Rise Buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7121
Author(s):  
Shouke Li ◽  
Feipeng Xiao ◽  
Yunfeng Zou ◽  
Shouying Li ◽  
Shucheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Distribution Fitting ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Area Reduction ◽  
The Mean

Wind tunnel tests are carried out for the Commonwealth Advisory Aeronautical Research Council (CAARC) high-rise building with a scale of 1:400 in exposure categories D. The distribution law of extreme pressure coefficients under different conditions is studied. Probability distribution fitting is performed on the measured area-averaged extreme pressure coefficients. The general extreme value (GEV) distribution is preferred for probability distribution fitting of extreme pressure coefficients. From the comparison between the area-averaged coefficients and the value from GB50009-2012, it is indicated that the wind load coefficients from GB50009-2012 may be non-conservative for the CAARC building. The area reduction effect on the extreme wind pressure is smaller than that on the mean wind pressure from the code. The recommended formula of the area reduction factor for the extreme pressure coefficient is proposed in this study. It is found that the mean and the coefficient of variation (COV) for the directionality factors are 0.85 and 0.04, respectively, when the orientation of the building is given. If the uniform distribution is given for the building’s orientation, the mean value of the directionality factors is 0.88, which is close to the directionality factor of 0.90 given in the Chinese specifications.

scholarly journals Study of Wind Loads and Wind Speed Amplifications on High-Rise Building with Opening by Numerical Simulation and Wind Tunnel Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Fu-Bin Chen ◽  
Xiao-Lu Wang ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
Yuan-Bo Li ◽  
Qiu-Sheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Loads ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
The Mean

High-rise buildings are very sensitive to wind excitations, and wind-induced responses have always been the key factors for structural design. Facade openings have often been used as aerodynamic measures for wind-resistant design of high-rise buildings to meet the requirement of structural safety and comfort. Obvious wind speed amplifications can also be observed inside the openings. Therefore, implementing wind turbines in the openings is of great importance for the utilization of abundant wind energy resources in high-rise buildings and the development of green buildings. Based on numerical simulation and wind tunnel testing, the wind loads and wind speed amplifications on high-rise buildings with openings are investigated in detail. The three-dimensional numerical simulation for wind effects on high-rise building with openings was firstly carried out on FLUENT 15.0 platform by SST k − ε model. The mean wind pressure coefficients and the wind flow characteristics were obtained. The wind speed amplifications at the opening were analyzed, and the distribution law of wind speed in the openings is presented. Meanwhile, a series of wind tunnel tests were conducted to assess the mean and fluctuating wind pressure coefficients in high-rise building models with various opening rates. The variation of wind pressure distribution at typical measuring layers with wind direction was analyzed. Finally, the wind speed amplifications in the openings were studied and verified by the numerical simulation results.

Effects of Geometrical Factors on Wind Pressure Characteristics of Cylindrical Roofs with Wind Tunnel Tests

2013 ◽  
Vol 351-352 ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Chen ◽  
Qing Shan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Tunnel Tests ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Geometrical Factors ◽  
Pressure Characteristics

With wind tunnel tests, simultaneous pressure measurements are made on 4 cylindrical roof models with different rise-span ratios and roof inclinations. Effects of these geometrical factors on wind pressure characteristics of the roofs are investigated, including mean pressure coefficients, RMS pressure coefficients, skewness, kurtosis, and probability distributions of wind pressure. Results show that the mean vertical wind force coefficient of high rise-span ratio roof is larger than that of the low rise-span ration roof; the mean pressure coefficient distribution of the low rise-span ratio roof is similar to that of RMS pressure coefficients and the skewness (or the kurtosis); the vortex center line occurs at the windward edge for the low rise-span ratio roof with inclination 0°, which occurs at the roof apex for the high rise-span ratio roof. The roof inclination has more effects on the low rise-span ratio roof, the vortex moves from the windward edge to the apex for the roof with inclination 7.2°when the wind flows from the low eave to the high eave. The distribution of the skewness is strongly correlative to that of the kurtosis. The probability distributions of the roof edges and corners deviate obviously from the Guass distribution. If this point is ignored, the peak suction pressure will be underestimated.

CFD Modeling of Pressure Coefficients for a Natural Ventilation Study in an Experimental Low Rise Building

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robel Kiflemariam ◽  
Cheng-Xian Lin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
Wind Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Ventilation Rates

Mean wind pressure coefficient (Cp) is one of the major input data for natural ventilation study using building energy simulation approach. Due to their importance, they need to be accurately determined. In current engineering practice, tables and analytical Cp models only give mostly averaged results for simpler models and configurations. Considering the limitation of tables and analytical models, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) could provide a means for an accurate and detailed assessment of Cp. In this paper, we make use of a relatively high resolution, detailed experiments done at Florida Intentional University to validate a CFD modeling of the pressure coefficients Cp. The results show that existing CFD model has a good agreement with experimental results and gives important information of distribution of Cp values over the surface. The local values of the Cp are investigated. In addition, the CFD derived Cp and discharge coefficient (Cd) values are utilized in semi-analytical ventilation models in order to get a more accurate value of ventilation rates.

Mean Wind Pressure Field on the Typical Large-Span Roof Structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 166-169 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Fang Hui Li ◽  
Ming Gu ◽  
Zhen Hua Ni ◽  
Shi Zhao Shen
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Field ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Shape Factors ◽  
Local Shape ◽  
Wind Pressure Coefficient ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urban Terrain ◽  
Wind Pressures

The wind tunnel tests of some typical large roofs, including a saddle roof, pitched roof and domes, are carried out with various terrains which cover suburban and urban exposures. The wind pressure data of roofs are obtained by using the synchronous multi-pressure scanning technique. The wind pressure coefficient and local shape factors of the wind load was investigated. The effects of various terrains on wind pressures of roofs are discussed. From the results, we can see mean pressures of these roofs exposed to the mean pressures exposed to the suburban terrain are 2 or 3 times those exposed to the urban terrain. And the terrains are no directly influence to the wind pressure shape factors.

scholarly journals Distribution of the external pressure coefficients on the elliptic tower: experimental measurement compared with numerical modelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 00047
Author(s):  
Michal Franek ◽  
Marek Macák ◽  
Oľga Hubová
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Flow ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
Building Model ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Experimental Values

The wind flow around the elliptical object was investigated experimentally in the BLWT wind tunnel in Bratislava and subsequently solved by computer wind flow simulation. On a high-rise building model, the external wind pressure coefficients were evaluated for different wind directions and then compared with the numerical CFD simulation in ANSYS, where different models of turbulence and mesh types were used. The aim of the article was to evaluate and compare the obtained values and after analysing the results to choose the most suitable model of turbulence and mesh types, which showed the smallest deviations from the experimental values.

Wind Load Characteristics of Tall Building with Atrium

2013 ◽  
Vol 639-640 ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
Yong Gui Li ◽  
Q.S. Li
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Tall Building ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Loads ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
Opening Ratio ◽  
Wind Pressures

Wind tunnel test of 1:500 rigid model of tall building with atrium was carried out. Based on the experimental results, characteristics of wind pressures on atrium facades and wind loads on the structure were investigated in detail. The results show that the formation of flow separation on the building top plays a critical role in the generation of wind pressures on the atrium facades. Meanwhile, wind pressure coefficient distributions on the atrium facades are found to be relatively uniform. Moreover, the horizontal and vertical correlations of pressure coefficient exhibit high at most locations on atrium facades. With the increasing of the opening ratio, the mean wind pressure coefficients first decreased and then stabilized, and the fluctuating wind pressure coefficients first decreased and then increased. A design guideline for the wind-resistant design of atrium facades was proposed, and the results predicted by the proposed guideline were in good agreement with those from the wind tunnel tests, indicating that the proposed guideline can be used in engineering applications. When the opening ratio is no more than 5.33%, the effect of the facade pressures within the atrium on the wind loads on the structure can be ignored. For such cases, the wind-resistant design for a tall building with atrium can refer to that of a similar shape tall building without atrium.

scholarly journals Pressure Coefficients Acting Upon the Cylinder Obtained by Numerical and Experimental Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Soňa Medvecká ◽  
Oľga Ivánková ◽  
Marek Macák
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Flow ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

Abstract Analysis of wind flow acting upon high-rise buildings is a very common topic. This paper deals with experiment in the Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel (BWLT) in Bratislava and comparison with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and values given in the Eurocode. The analyzed object was the model of building with circular cross section (cylinder). External wind pressure coefficients were compared in three height levels of model.

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