scholarly journals The Wingate Anaerobic Test, a Narrative Review of the Protocol Variables That Affect the Results Obtained

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7417
Author(s):  
Arkaitz Castañeda-Babarro
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Anaerobic Test

The Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAT) has been widely used since its creation in 1974. The WAT involves performing a 30 s “all-out” cycling test. The test is currently applied with some modifications, partly due to the evolution of the material used to perform it. The purpose of this text is to act as a guide for the correct use and application of the test, as well as to highlight the importance of controlling many of the variables that may influence its results. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PUBMED/MEDLINE and Web of Science with different combinations of keywords all related to the WAT to obtain a search of 113 papers. Results and discussion: It was observed that variables such as the duration of the test or the resistance used in the cycle ergometer must be adjusted according to the objective and the population evaluated, while others such as the warm-up or the supplementation of different substances can improve performance on the WAT. Conclusions: In order to apply the WAT correctly, variables such as duration, resistance used or warm-up time and intensity must be adjusted according to the evaluated subjects and the aim of the study. Other variables such as position on the bike or equipment used should also be controlled if we want to guarantee its replicability.

Validity of cycling peak power as measured by a short-sprint test versus the Wingate anaerobic test

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Del Coso ◽  
Ricardo Mora-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Inertial Load ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Short Recovery Time ◽  
Reliability Performance ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
Anaerobic Test

To validate the measurement of peak power output (PPO) using a short cycling sprint test (inertial load (IL) test), we compare it to the widely accepted Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT). Fifteen healthy, young, active subjects performed 2 experimental trials. In each trial, subjects warmed up and sprinted 4 times for the IL test. After recovery, they cycled for 30 s at maximum capacity for the WAnT. The experimental trial was replicated 3 d later to test for reliability. Inter- and intra-day PPO measured with the IL test was very reliable (R1 = 0.99 and R1 = 0.94, respectively). The correlation between the IL and WAnT was highly significant (r = 0.82; P < 0.001), although the absolute PPO values were markedly higher for the IL test (1268 ± 41 W vs. 786 ± 27 W; P < 0.001). In conclusion, cycling PPO can be validly assessed with the IL test. The higher PPO attained with an IL test could be related to better identification of peak power, since both velocity and resistance are free to vary during the sprint in comparison with the WAnT, where resistance is fixed. Owing to the short duration of the sprint (4 s) and high intra-day reliability despite a short recovery time (180 s), the IL test is optimal for repeated measurements of anaerobic performance.Key words: inertial load, neuromuscular power, cycle ergometer, intra-day reliability, performance.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of two different methods of anaerobic capacity assessment in sedentary young men

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Klasnja ◽  
Miodrag Drapsin ◽  
Damir Lukac ◽  
Patrik Drid ◽  
Slavko Obadov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Wingate Test ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Anaerobic Test

Background/Aim. The Wingate anaerobic test is a valid and reliable method of measuring anaerobic capacity. The aim of this study was to determine whether other modified test can be used instead of the Wingate test. Methods. A group of 30 sedentary young men were first tested with a cycle ergometer (classic Wingate test), and then with a dynamometer during 30 s of 'all out' leg extension exercise (modified Wingate test; WAnTe) in order to test anaerobic capacity. Subsequent correlations between these tests were made. Results. Peak power, mean power on cycling ergometer in absolute and relative values were 463 ? 105 W, 316.7 ? 63.8 W, 5.68 ? 1.17 W/kg, 3.68 ? 0.78 W/kg, respectively. On a dynamometer absolute and relative values of maximal and mean load in kg and power in Watts were 136.54 ? 21.3 kg, 1.67 ? 0.26; 128.65 ? 19.93 kg, 1.57 ? 0.24 kg, 657 ? 125.87 W, and 8 ? 1.54 W/kg, respectively. There was no correlation between 5 s intervals of the classic Wingate test and WAnTe during the first, fourth and fifth intervals, but in the second (r = 0.49, p < 0.05), third (r = 0.38, p < 0.05) and last 5 s intervals (r = 0.39, p < 0.05), and also in peak power and mean power (r = 0.42, p < 0.05 and r = 0.45, p < 0.05 respectively), a significant positive correlation was detected. Conclusion. A modified Wingate test of leg extension on a dynamometer in sedentary young men shows a correlation with the classic Wingate test only in parameters of peak power, and mean power and the second, the third and the last 5 s intervals. Because of that it should only be used for orientation, whereas for precise measurements of anaerobic capacity the classic Wingate test should be used.

Time to exhaustion during cycling is not well predicted by critical power calculations

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 753-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus G. Pallarés ◽  
Jose R. Lillo-Bevia ◽  
Ricardo Morán-Navarro ◽  
Victor Cerezuela-Espejo ◽  
Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Power Outputs ◽  
Anaerobic Test

Three to 5 cycling tests to exhaustion allow prediction of time to exhaustion (TTE) at power output based on calculation of critical power (CP). We aimed to determine the accuracy of CP predictions of TTE at power outputs habitually endured by cyclists. Fourteen endurance-trained male cyclists underwent 4 randomized cycle-ergometer TTE tests at power outputs eliciting (i) mean Wingate anaerobic test (WAnTmean), (ii) maximal oxygen consumption, (iii) respiratory compensation threshold (VT2), and (iv) maximal lactate steady state (MLSS). Tests were conducted in duplicate with coefficient of variation of 5%–9%. Power outputs were 710 ± 63 W for WAnTmean, 366 ± 26 W for maximal oxygen consumption, 302 ± 31 W for VT2 and 247 ± 20 W for MLSS. Corresponding TTE were 00:29 ± 00:06, 03:23 ± 00:45, 11:29 ± 05:07, and 76:05 ± 13:53 min:s, respectively. Power output associated with CP was only 2% lower than MLSS (242 ± 19 vs. 247 ± 20 W; P < 0.001). The CP predictions overestimated TTE at WAnTmean (00:24 ± 00:10 mm:ss) and MLSS (04:41 ± 11:47 min:s), underestimated TTE at VT2 (–04:18 ± 03:20 mm:ss; P < 0.05), and correctly predicted TTE at maximal oxygen consumption. In summary, CP accurately predicts MLSS power output and TTE at maximal oxygen consumption. However, it should not be used to estimate time to exhaustion in trained cyclists at higher or lower power outputs (e.g., sprints and 40-km time trials). Novelty CP calculation enables to predict TTE at any cycling power output. We tested those predictions against measured TTE in a wide range of cycling power outputs. CP appropriately predicted TTE at maximal oxygen consumption intensity but err at higher and lower cycling power outputs.

Optimizing the Wingate Anaerobic Cycling Test for Youth With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Obeid ◽  
Maggie J. Larché ◽  
Brian W. Timmons
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Anaerobic Test

The Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) can assess muscle function in youth with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Our objective was to compare peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) when the WAnT is performed with a standard vs. an optimized braking force. Eight patients with JIA between the ages of 8 and 18 participated in two sessions. Optimal braking force was determined with a series of 15-s force-velocity tests performed against braking forces ranging from 3.5 to 8.5% of body weight. Participants then performed two randomized WAnTs against the standard (4.5%) and optimal braking forces. PP tended to be greater in the optimized vs. standard WAnT (12.5 ± 2.6 vs. 10.8 ± 1.0 W/kg, respectively; p =.07). No differences were observed for MP (standard: 6.2 ± 0.9 vs. optimized: 6.2 ± 1.1 W/kg; p = .9). Optimization of the WAnT tended to increase PP by 10–28% in youth with JIA.

scholarly journals Repeated Sprint Performances among Girls and Women

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Michael CHIA
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Recovery Interval ◽  
The Third ◽  
Anaerobic Test

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The aim of the study was to compare between girls and women, the recovery of Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) power after two prior sprints of 15-seconds' duration with a short active recovery interval in-between the sprints. Participants with written informed consent were 19 girls (age: 13.6±1.0yrs; body mass: 51.2±7.6kg & stature: 1.59±0.06m) and 21 women (age: 25.1±2.7yrs; body mass: 57.9±7.7kg & stature: 1.61±0.05m). Lower limb muscle mass was determined using a Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometric (DXA) procedure. Following a standardized warm-up, each participant completed a series of three 15-second WAnTs, with each test separated by a 45-second active recovery interval. WAnT power variables were computed over 1-second time periods and were corrected for the inertia of the cycle ergometer (Monark 834E). Whole blood lactate concentrations (BL) were obtained immediately post warm-up and at three minutes after the completion of the third WAnT. Peak power (PP), expressed in watts per lower limb muscle mass (W. kg -1LLMM) were significantly greater in women than in girls in the first 15s WAnT (46.1±10.9 vs 37.4±2.3W.kg -1LLMM, p0.05). Girls were better able to replicate their power achieved in the first WAnT, in the third WAnT than women (mean of the differences ± standard deviation of the differences for PP: 84±47W vs 174±84W; MP: 81±45W vs 161+65W, p0.05), and at three minutes post exercise (9.2±1.2 vs. 8.4±1.3 mM.L-1, p >0.05) were not significantly different in girls and women.本文以溫蓋特無氧功率試驗(Wingate Anaerobic Test, WAnT)為研究方法，重複測定了少女和婦女15秒的無氧功率，旨在比較少女與婦女之間的無氧能力極其恢復。受試對象為19名少女(年齡：13.6±1.0歲；體重：51.2±7.6公斤；身高：1.59±0.06米）和21名婦女（年齡:25.1±2.7歲；體重：57.9±7.7公斤；身高：1.61±0.05米）。以雙光能X光吸收儀(DXA)測定受試者下肢的瘦體重。在標準化的準備活動之後，受試者在自行車測功儀(Monark 834E)上完成3次15秒最快速度的踏車運動，各次運動之間以45秒的活動性休息為間隔。在準備活動後即刻和第三次運動試驗后3分鐘采血測定血乳酸濃度。在首次15秒WAnT測試中，婦女組的最高功率(46.1±10.9瓦．公斤下肢瘦體重-1)明顯高于少女組(37.4±2.3瓦．公升-1肢瘦體重-1，p0.05)。第三次15秒運動試驗中，少女組的無氧功率明顯地較婦女組接近第一次WAnT測試中所達到的功率(p0.05)，分別為2.5±0.5毫克分子．升-1與1.9±0.5毫克分子．升-1及9.2±1.2毫克分子．升-1與8.4±1.3毫克分子．升-1。

scholarly journals The Effect of Whole-Body Vibration Warm-Up on Performance of Wingate Anaerobic Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Afsari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ramezanpour ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Hejazi ◽  
Mahdi Bayati ◽  
Babak Farzad
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Anaerobic Test

scholarly journals The Effect of Whole-Body Vibration Warm-Up on Performance of Wingate Anaerobic Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Afsari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ramezanpour ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Hejazi ◽  
Mahdi Bayati ◽  
Babak Farzad
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Anaerobic Test

Accurate assessment of work done and power during a Wingate anaerobic test

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Franklin ◽  
Rae S. Gordon ◽  
Julien S. Baker ◽  
Bruce Davies
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Brake Torque ◽  
Physiological Studies ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Anaerobic Test

A Monark cycle ergometer is used in physiological studies to measure work done and power. In this paper, the accuracy of a Monark rope-braked cycle ergometer was examined for a Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT). The traditional method of determining brake torque fails to take into account rope-brake theory and, as the brake torque is used to determine the moment of inertia of the flywheel, a second error is introduced into the calculation to determine the work done or power. In this study, the rope tensions were measured to determine the actual brake torque. A deceleration test was carried out to determine the moment of inertia of the system. The work done by subjects of different masses was calculated for various accelerations and it was found that the traditional calculations overestimate work done and power by between 12% and 14.7%.

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