scholarly journals Renal Ultrasound Elastography: A Review of the Previous Reports on Chronic Kidney Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9677
Author(s):  
Takuji Iyama ◽  
Takaaki Sugihara ◽  
Tomoaki Takata ◽  
Hajime Isomoto
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Renal Ultrasound

The early detection of a kidney injury is essential to protect against the progression of kidney damage owing to the progressive nature of chronic kidney disease. A renal biopsy is the gold standard for the assessment of pathological alterations such as interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis. However, there are concerns regarding potential complications including bleeding and a reduction in renal function. Ultrasound elastography is an ideal modality for assessing the alterations in various organs and diagnosing malignant tumors. This technique has the potential to help detect early changes in renal function and pathological alterations. However, the careful application and interpretation of this technique in the kidney is required because of its complex hemodynamics and architecture. Shear wave elastography is the most widely investigated technique among ultrasound elastography. This review aims to summarize the previous investigations of the kidney using shear wave elastography, particularly for renal malignancy, kidney transplantation, and chronic kidney disease. Additionally, we have highlighted the influencing factors concerning the practical measurement of renal elasticity.

Measurements of renal shear wave velocities in chronic kidney disease patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 884-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Sasaki ◽  
Yoshiki Hirooka ◽  
Hiroki Kawashima ◽  
Takuya Ishikawa ◽  
Kyosuke Takeshita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
The Right

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have advanced glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is useful to diagnose liver fibrosis. However, there are few data available regarding evaluation of kidney function on the use of SWE. Purpose To assess the utility of SWE by evaluating the correlation between renal function and renal elasticity using SWE. Material and Methods A total of 187 participants who had available serum creatinine levels and also underwent SWE of the kidney using a transabdominal ultrasonography were recruited at Nagoya University Hospital. We measured the depth of the shear wave (SW) in the right and left kidneys and calculated the measurement success rates. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) classification and shear wave value (SWV) were compared. Results The success rates of the right and left kidneys were 93.6% and 71.6%, respectively. Based on these results, the correlation between GFR classification and SWV were analyzed in only the right kidneys because the success rates and the number of enrolled patients were low for the left kidney. There were significant differences found between G1 and G3a, G2 and G3a, G3a and G3b, G3a and G4, and G3a and G5. SWV significantly negatively and positively correlated with the G2–G3a and G3a–G3b classifications. Conclusion There is no correlation between renal function and SW. However, we can diagnose the progression to the CKD stages G3a and G3b by observing the changes over time using the SWV.

Histomorphometry of Feline Chronic Kidney Disease and Correlation With Markers of Renal Dysfunction

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chakrabarti ◽  
H. M. Syme ◽  
C. A. Brown ◽  
J. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Glomerular Hypertrophy ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
Postmortem Examinations

Chronic kidney disease is common in geriatric cats, but most cases have nonspecific renal lesions, and few studies have correlated these lesions with clinicopathological markers of renal dysfunction. The aim of this study was to identify the lesions best correlated with renal function and likely mediators of disease progression in cats with chronic kidney disease. Cats were recruited through 2 first-opinion practices between 1992 and 2010. When postmortem examinations were authorized, renal tissues were preserved in formalin. Sections were evaluated by a pathologist masked to all clinicopathological data. They were scored semiquantitatively for the severity of glomerulosclerosis, interstitial inflammation, and fibrosis. Glomerular volume was measured using image analysis; the percentage of glomeruli that were obsolescent was recorded. Sections were assessed for hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis and tubular mineralization. Kidneys from 80 cats with plasma biochemical data from the last 2 months of life were included in the study. Multivariable linear regression ( P < .05) was used to assess the association of lesions with clinicopathological data obtained close to death. Interstitial fibrosis was the lesion best correlated with the severity of azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, and anemia. Proteinuria was associated with interstitial fibrosis and glomerular hypertrophy, whereas higher time-averaged systolic blood pressure was associated with glomerulosclerosis and hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis.

Renal ultrasound and Doppler parameters as markers of renal function and histopathological damage in children with chronic kidney disease

Nephrology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1116-1124
Author(s):  
Happy Sawires ◽  
Doaa Salah ◽  
Rania Hashem ◽  
Wesam Ismail ◽  
Amr Salem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Ultrasound

scholarly journals Renal shear wave elastography for the assessment of nephron hypertrophy: a cross-sectional study in chronic kidney disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuji Iyama ◽  
Tomoaki Takata ◽  
Masahiko Koda ◽  
Satoko Fukuda ◽  
Shotaro Hoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Shear wave elastography in chronic kidney disease: a pilot experience in native kidneys

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony E. Samir ◽  
Andrew S. Allegretti ◽  
Qingli Zhu ◽  
Manish Dhyani ◽  
Arash Anvari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Pilot Experience

scholarly journals Shen Shuai II Recipe Attenuates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Improving Hypoxia via the IL-1β/c-Myc Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Liuyi Yang ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Chaoyang Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Renal Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Related Factors

Background. Renal interstitial fibrosis is a pathological manifestation of progression of chronic kidney disease induced by various factors. Shen Shuai II Recipe (SSR) has been used in clinical practice for more than 20 years, and clinical studies have confirmed that SSR significantly improves the renal function of patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the specific mechanisms underlying its efficacy require further research. This study aims to explore the influencing factors of renal interstitial fibrosis in the context of hypoxia via the IL-1β/c-Myc pathway and the potential molecular mechanisms of SSR intervention in vivo and in vitro. Methods. A rat model of chronic renal failure was developed by performing 5/6 (ablation/infarction, A/I) surgery on randomly selected, male Sprague Dawley rats. Thirty-six successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into three groups: 5/6 (A/I), 5/6 (A/I) + SSR, and 5/6 (A/I) + losartan. Another 12 rats were used as the sham group. After 8 weeks of the corresponding intervention, renal function, liver function, and protein expression of renal-fibrosis-related factors, HIF-1α, IL-1β, and c-Myc, were detected. In vitro analysis was performed using hypoxia-induced rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) and IL-1β-stimulated rat renal interstitial fibroblasts (NRK-49F). IL-1β concentration in the culture medium and IL-1β protein expression in hypoxic NRK-52E treated with different concentrations of SSR were investigated. Furthermore, we also studied the changes in protein expression of c-Myc and fibrosis-related factors after c-Myc gene silencing in IL-1β-stimulated NRK-49F treated with SSR. Results. Shen Shuai II Recipe significantly reduced RIF and downregulated the expression of HIF-1α, c-Myc, and IL-1β proteins in 5/6 (A/I) rats with chronic renal failure. It also inhibited IL-1β secretion from NRK-52E induced by hypoxia, which in turn inhibited fibroblast activation mediated by the IL-1β/c-Myc pathway, and finally reduced the overproduction of the extracellular matrix. Conclusion. The renoprotective effects of SSR in rats with chronic renal failure may be related to its inhibition of hypoxia via the IL-1β/c-Myc pathway. Thus, SSR is a potentially effective drug for delaying the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis.

Increased tubulointerstitial recruitment of human CD141hi CLEC9A+ and CD1c+ myeloid dendritic cell subsets in renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (10) ◽  
pp. F1391-F1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Kassianos ◽  
Xiangju Wang ◽  
Sandeep Sampangi ◽  
Kimberly Muczynski ◽  
Helen Healy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Lectin Domain ◽  
Immune Mediated

Dendritic cells (DCs) play critical roles in immune-mediated kidney diseases. Little is known, however, about DC subsets in human chronic kidney disease, with previous studies restricted to a limited set of pathologies and to using immunohistochemical methods. In this study, we developed novel protocols for extracting renal DC subsets from diseased human kidneys and identified, enumerated, and phenotyped them by multicolor flow cytometry. We detected significantly greater numbers of total DCs as well as CD141hi and CD1c+ myeloid DC (mDCs) subsets in diseased biopsies with interstitial fibrosis than diseased biopsies without fibrosis or healthy kidney tissue. In contrast, plasmacytoid DC numbers were significantly higher in the fibrotic group compared with healthy tissue only. Numbers of all DC subsets correlated with loss of kidney function, recorded as estimated glomerular filtration rate. CD141hi DCs expressed C-type lectin domain family 9 member A (CLEC9A), whereas the majority of CD1c+ DCs lacked the expression of CD1a and DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), suggesting these mDC subsets may be circulating CD141hi and CD1c+ blood DCs infiltrating kidney tissue. Our analysis revealed CLEC9A+ and CD1c+ cells were restricted to the tubulointerstitium. Notably, DC expression of the costimulatory and maturation molecule CD86 was significantly increased in both diseased cohorts compared with healthy tissue. Transforming growth factor-β levels in dissociated tissue supernatants were significantly elevated in diseased biopsies with fibrosis compared with nonfibrotic biopsies, with mDCs identified as a major source of this profibrotic cytokine. Collectively, our data indicate that activated mDC subsets, likely recruited into the tubulointerstitium, are positioned to play a role in the development of fibrosis and, thus, progression to chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals Genomic integration of ERRγ-HNF1β regulates renal bioenergetics and prevents chronic kidney disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (21) ◽  
pp. E4910-E4919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Zhao ◽  
Katherine Lupino ◽  
Benjamin J. Wilkins ◽  
Chengxiang Qiu ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Mitochondrial Metabolism ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Integrated Programs ◽  
Nuclear Factor 1

Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of both hereditary and acquired kidney diseases. However, it remains poorly understood how mitochondrial metabolism is regulated to support normal kidney function and how its dysregulation contributes to kidney disease. Here, we show that the nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta (HNF1β) link renal mitochondrial and reabsorptive functions through coordinated epigenomic programs. ERRγ directly regulates mitochondrial metabolism but cooperatively controls renal reabsorption via convergent binding with HNF1β. Deletion of ERRγ in renal epithelial cells (RECs), in which it is highly and specifically expressed, results in severe renal energetic and reabsorptive dysfunction and progressive renal failure that recapitulates phenotypes of animals and patients with HNF1β loss-of-function gene mutations. Moreover, ERRγ expression positively correlates with renal function and is decreased in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). REC-ERRγ KO mice share highly overlapping renal transcriptional signatures with human patients with CKD. Together these findings reveal a role for ERRγ in directing independent and HNF1β-integrated programs for energy production and use essential for normal renal function and the prevention of kidney disease.

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