scholarly journals Valorisation of Starch Wastewater by Anaerobic Fermentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10482
Author(s):  
Bernhard Drosg ◽  
Matthias Neubauer ◽  
Marceli Marzynski ◽  
Katharina Meixner
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Bulk Chemicals ◽  
Starch Wastewater ◽  
Lactic Acids ◽  
Research Stage ◽  
Biogas Technology ◽  
Starch Production ◽  
The Eu

Starch production is mainly focused on feedstocks such as corn, wheat and potato in the EU, whereas cassava, rice, and other feedstocks are utilised worldwide. In starch production, a high amount of wastewater is generated, which accumulates from different process steps such as washing, steeping, starch refining, saccharification and derivatisation. Valorisation of these wastewaters can help to improve the environmental impact as well as the economics of starch production. Anaerobic fermentation is a promising approach, and this review gives an overview of the different utilisation concepts outlined in the literature and the state of the technology. Among bioenergy recovery processes, biogas technology is widely applied at the industrial scale, whereas biohydrogen production is used at the research stage. Starch wastewater can also be used for the production of bulk chemicals such as acetone, ethanol, butanol or lactic acids by anaerobic microbes.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Analysis of a Game-Based Solution for Domestic Energy Saving

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6699
Author(s):  
Marta Gangolells ◽  
Miquel Casals ◽  
Núria Forcada ◽  
Marcel Macarulla
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Domestic Energy ◽  
The Eu

ICT-based solutions are seen to be almost totally environmentally friendly, but game-based solutions for energy saving have not been explored yet. This paper describes a comprehensive analysis and an in-depth interpretation of the life cycle environmental impact of a game-based solution for domestic energy saving, developed and validated within the EU-funded Horizon 2020 project EnerGAware—Energy Game for Awareness of energy efficiency in social housing communities. Life cycle impacts were calculated with SimaPRO 8.5.2.0 using the ReCiPe 2016 v1.02 midpoint and endpoint methods and information contained within the Ecoinvent v3.4 database. Although the pre-competitive solution, directly arising from the research project, was found to have a relatively high environmental impact, its future exploitation, which mostly relies on existing infrastructure, was found to be highly competitive from an environmental perspective. The game will help reduce the life cycle impact of domestic energy consumption on damage to human health (3.68%), ecosystem quality (3.87%), and resource availability (4.81%). Most of the environmental impact of the market solution was found in the manufacturing phase (77.96–80.12%). Transport (8.86–7.57%), use (3.86–5.82%), and maintenance (7.24–7.54%) phases were found to contribute little to environmental impact. This research provides a useful reference for decision-making as it contributes to the environmental benchmarking of competing energy-saving strategies.

scholarly journals The significance of energy consumption in environmental impact of rare earth elements recovery from tailings and mining waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Karolina Kossakowska ◽  
Katarzyna Grzesik
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Lca Results ◽  
Critical Raw Materials

Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are identified as critical raw materials for the European Union economy. REEs are not currently produced in the EU, while there are several sources not properly addressed. Within the ENVIREE project tailings from New Kankberg (Sweden) and Covas (Portugal) were identified as rich in REEs and chosen for recovery processing. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was used to evaluate the environmental impact of REEs recovery. The aim of this study is the detailed analysis of several scenarios with different electricity production schemes of REE recovery. The study discusses the share of energy use in the overall impact on the environment, taking into account diversification in the electricity production structure among EU countries. The energy use is a significant contributor to the overall environmental impact of studied cases. Its share in the total environmental burden is reaching up to 47%. The results show that applying the average electricity scheme production for Europe may lead to biased LCA results. For the accurate LCA results the local production schemes of energy for certain countries should be chosen.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Subsidy Policy On Biogas Plants In Slovakia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Lajda ◽  
Zuzana Lajdová ◽  
Peter Bielik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Subsidy Policy ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Recently, renewable energy sources (RES) have become very popular all over the EU. Subsidy policies have provided huge amount of money flowing into the sector which were necessary for its development. In Slovakia, favourable legislation was one of triggers for building biogas plants using anaerobic fermentation for biogas and further electric energy production. This paper examines how subsidy policy has stimulated biogas sector over the years and the consequences arising from the legislation.

scholarly journals Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Bioenergy Production from Different Wood Pellet Supply Chains

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Sgarbossa ◽  
Martina Boschiero ◽  
Francesca Pierobon ◽  
Raffaele Cavalli ◽  
Michela Zanetti
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Toxicity Potential ◽  
The Eu

The EU is one of the largest producers and consumers of wood pellets in the world, covering around 36% of the global wood pellet production and around 50% of the global consumption in 2018. The EU wood pellet consumption is expected to further increase in response to the ambitious energy and climate goals for 2030. Currently, wood pellets are mainly produced from sawdust and other sawmill residues; however, other types of forest feedstock are being investigated in order to meet the increasing wood pellet demand and move toward greater energy independence. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the environmental impact of different wood pellet supply chains. A comparative cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment is performed considering the following wood feedstock systems: (i) sawdust from sawmill (S1), (ii) roundwood logs (S2), (iii) whole trees from forest thinning operation (S3), and (iv) logging residues produced during forest tree harvesting (S4). The study focuses on Global Warming Potential (GWP), Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP), and Human Toxicity Potential (HTP). Results show that S3 displays the lowest figures on all the environmental impact categories considered in this study. Compared to the reference case S1, S3 shows a GWP reduction of 46%, an ODP reduction of 6.6%, a POCP reduction of 14.8%, and HTP reduction of 13.2%. S3 and S4 have lower GWP than S1 and S2, even when the biogenic CO2 emissions are considered. Overall, the life cycle phases that have the highest GWP, POCP, and HTP are the burning phase and the preparation of the material to be pelletized, particularly the drying process. Nevertheless, the main phases that contribute to the ODP are the forest operations and the pellet preparation.

VFAs Production Potential of Brewery Industry Wastewater and Starch Wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Lin Xie ◽  
Yin Guang Chen ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Nutrients Removal ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Starch Wastewater ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Industry Wastewater ◽  
Biological Nutrients Removal

The volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are kinds of effective external carbon source for enhanced biological nutrients removal. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from anaerobic fermentation from cassava stillage (CS) wastewater, starch wastewater (SW) and the yellow wine wastewater (YWW) was conducted in batch tests. The VFAs production potential and the characteristics of the fermentative liquid were compared and discussed. Experimental results indicated that the cassava stillage wastewater and the starch wastewater were preferable feed for anaerobic VFAs fermentation. Acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid were the main components of the VFAs with respective percentage of 36.5%, 20% and 40% at the end of its fermentation.

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