scholarly journals Soil Acidification, Mineral Neoformation and Heavy Metal Contamination Driven by Weathering of Sulphide Wastes in a Ramsar Wetland

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Mihaela M. Grantcharova ◽  
Juan Carlos Fernández-Caliani
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Marsh Soil ◽  
Acid Generation ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Wetland Site ◽  
Metal Sulphates ◽  
Ramsar Wetland

Past waste disposal practices have left large volumes of sulphidic material stockpiled in a Ramsar wetland site on the Atlantic coast of southwestern Spain, leading to severe land degradation. With the aim of addressing this legacy issue, soil core samples were collected along two transects extending from the abandoned stockpiles to the adjacent marshland and subjected to XRD, SEM-EDS, ICP-OES and ICP-MS analyses. Sulphide oxidation has been shown to be a major driver of acid generation and metal leaching into the environment. The marsh soil receiving acid discharges from the sulphide wastes contains elevated levels (in mg kg−1) of Pb (up to 9838), As (up to 1538), Zn (up to 1486), Cu (up to 705), Sb (up to 225) and Tl (up to 13), which are retained both in relatively insoluble secondary minerals (mainly metal sulphates and oxides) and in easily soluble hydrated salts that serve as a transitory pool of acidity and available metals. By using a number of enrichment calculation methods that relate the metal concentrations in soil and their baseline concentrations and regulatory thresholds, there is enough evidence to conclude that these pollutants may pose an unacceptable risk to human and ecological receptors.

Emigration and Mortality of Black-necked Swans (Cygnus melancoryphus) and Disappearance of the Macrophyte Egeria densa in a Ramsar Wetland Site of Southern Chile

AMBIO ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 607-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Jaramillo Lopetegui ◽  
Roberto Schlatter Vollman ◽  
Heraldo Cifuentes Contreras ◽  
Cristian Duarte Valenzuela ◽  
Nelson Lagos Suarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egeria Densa ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Wetland Site ◽  
Ramsar Wetland

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Sea Bed Sediment of the Bight of Bonny, Southern Atlantic Coast of Nigeria Using Index Model Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (12) ◽  
pp. 286-298
Author(s):  
Justin Nnaemeka Okorondu ◽  
Elechi Owhoeke ◽  
Bridget Edewede Diagi ◽  
Joseph Ikechukwu Nwachukwu ◽  
Lucy C. Izunobi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Bed Sediment ◽  
Index Model ◽  
Sea Bed

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Pollution and Mobility in Soils within a Landfill Vicinity: A South African Case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1286-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Mwihaki Nyika ◽  
Ednah Kwamboka Onyari ◽  
Megersa Olumana Dinka ◽  
Shivani Bhardwaj Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Parent Rocks ◽  
High Concentrations

Heavy metal contamination in soils results from anthropogenic and lithologic factors and is a potential hazard to land and water resources. Sources of such pollution include landfills, domestic sewage, agricultural fertilisers and industries. In this work, soils from Roundhill landfill vicinity in South Africa were sampled and analyzed to determine the concentrations of particular heavy metals, namely As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn. The main objectives of this work were to: quantify the concentration levels of heavy metals in the soil; determine the mobility of the heavy metals in the soil; and establish their origins and interrelationships. The soils were collected at various distances and depths from the landfill facility. The concentrations of heavy metals in the soil samples were analysed by ICP-MS and statistical analysis was carried out to establish their relationships and sources. From the analysis, some elements including Cr, Mn, Cu and Ni had measured concentrations beyond the threshold limits in most sampling sites irrespective of their distance and depth from the landfill vicinity. Conversely, some elements were observed to be immobile and had higher concentrations on the top soils closer to the landfill, such as As, Pb, Zn, Co and V. Iron (Fe) had high concentrations in all the sampling sites due to its natural occurrence in the parent rocks. In conclusion, the potential of soil quality deterioration due to heavy metal pollution in a landfill vicinity was observed. Furthermore, all heavy metals observed showed positive correlation to each other except for As and Co, indicating same origin.

On the sudden disappearance of Egeria densa from a Ramsar wetland site of Southern Chile: A climatic event trigger model

2009 ◽  
Vol 220 (15) ◽  
pp. 1752-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor H. Marín ◽  
Antonio Tironi ◽  
Luisa E. Delgado ◽  
Manuel Contreras ◽  
Fernando Novoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egeria Densa ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Wetland Site ◽  
Event Trigger ◽  
Climatic Event ◽  
Ramsar Wetland

Determination of Heavy Metals in Herbal Drinks Using ICP-MS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1060 ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
Chutima Limmatvapirat ◽  
Sontaya Limmatvapirat ◽  
Juree Charoenteeraboon ◽  
Chantana Wessapan ◽  
Anchalee Kumsum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Gum Karaya ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Indian Mulberry ◽  
Cat’S Whiskers ◽  
Almost All

Seven groups of herbal drinks including gum karaya, Indian gooseberry, Noni Indian mulberry, cat's whiskers, prickly-leaved elephant's foot, black galingale, and Ling zhi mushroom contain a variety of bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, terpenes, saponins, and flavonoids. The extracts of these plants have several biological activities such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant and chemoprotective activities that can promote health. The popular uses of herbal drinks in Thailand raise the question about safety of their products, especially for heavy metal contamination. The concentrations of heavy metals such as As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Cd in twenty one samples from seven groups of herbal drinks were determined by ICP-MS. None of herbal drinks passed the permissible limits under the Notification of Ministry of Public Health (No. 214) B.E. 2543 (2000) Re: Beverages in Sealed Container by the virtue of the Food Act B.E. 2522 (1979), Thailand. Moreover, the concentrations of Pb and Zn in all analyzed samples were higher than the permissible limits. The concentrations of Fe in almost all analyzed samples as well as the concentrations of As, Cd, and Cu in some analyzed samples were higher than the permissible limits. The levels of heavy metals found in this study raise concerns, not only for the safety of Thai consumers, but also the quality of herbal drinks available in Thailand.

scholarly journals ICP-MS analysis of metal and metalloid concentrations of common microbiological growth media reveals presence of heavy metals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfa Ng
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Metals And Metalloids ◽  
Icp Ms

AbstractTrace elements such as cobalt and manganese play important roles as cofactors of enzymes, and thus, they collectively impact on biochemistry and cellular metabolism. Hence, it is of importance to gain an understanding of the trace metal and metalloid concentrations of growth medium in order to fully account for the growth performance of the bacterium. But, this aspect of microbial cell cultivation is usually neglected. Advent of instrumented techniques for metals and metalloid analysis such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has significantly facilitated trace element analysis at the parts per billion (ppb) to parts per million (ppm) level in aqueous matrixes free of organic interference. In this work, ICP-MS was utilized as the principal tool for profiling the range of metals and metalloids in different microbiological growth medium ranging from minimal salts medium to complex chemically undefined medium. Growth media examined include: LB Lennox, LB Lennox + 2 g/L glucose, LB Lennox (buffered, 89 mM phosphate), LB Lennox (buffered, 89 mM phosphate) + 6 g/L glucose, formulated medium + 6 g/L glucose, Tryptic Soy Broth, M9 medium, and M9 + 1 g/L yeast extract medium. Results reveal detection of elevated concentrations of chromium, copper and cadmium in different versions of LB Lennox and Tryptic Soy Broth. Concentrations of the above heavy metals in the tens of ppm range meant that the growth media could only support the growth of environmental bacteria with some resistance to heavy metal toxicity. On the other hand, no heavy metals were detected in M9 minimal salts medium or a modified version with supplementation of 1 g/L yeast extract. This indicated that minimal salts media may have less of a problem with heavy metal contamination compared to chemically undefined microbiological growth media. Collectively, the results highlight the essentiality of conducting a comprehensive profiling experiment for detecting different metals and metalloids at trace levels in microbiological growth medium. Such data would in addition to offering a deeper understanding of some peculiar growth behaviour from some microorganisms, may also help identify contamination issue during manufacture that preclude use of the media in cultivating many laboratory domesticated microorganisms.Subject areasbiochemistry, biotechnology, cell biology, microbiology, biochemical engineering,

scholarly journals Analysis of lead, arsenic, and cadmium concentrations in instant noodles within the Canadian market

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Disha Katyal ◽  
BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽  
Dale Chen ◽  
Hsin Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canadian Market ◽  
Instant Noodles

Background: High levels of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) in instant noodles have been reported in many countries, leading to temporary bans of several popular brands across the globe. There have been no studies analyzing the heavy metal contamination of instant noodles available in Canada to assess the risk for Canadians. As these contaminants are ubiquitous, their presence in food products is inevitable. A diet high in Pb, As, and Cd can cause permanent health conditions and death, as these metals are highly toxic even in small amounts and cannot be metabolized by the body. Methods: 30 packets of instant noodles were purchased from 6 different brands available in Walmart and T&T. Individual packs of noodles, and the accompanying dry seasoning packs, were ground using a blender and stored in sterile Ziplock bags. The samples were processed using an acid digest and then analyzed using ICP-MS/MS. Concentrations of lead, arsenic, and cadmium were measured for a comparison with FDA recommended levels, a cross comparison between wheat and rice noodles, and across all 6 brands. Results: The results show that the levels of Pb, As, and Cd found in instant noodles do not exceed the maximum allowable limits set forth by the FDA and EFSA. A significant difference between rice and wheat noodles is noted for As and Pb concentrations, where rice > wheat (p<0.05). A significant difference between brands is also noted for all three metals (p<0.05). Conclusion: Although the results did not find Pb, As, and Cd concentrations to exceed the recommended levels, the results of this study are inconclusive due to the low power of the analyses. It has been established that rice noodles contain overall higher levels of Pb and As than their wheat counterparts, and the levels vary significantly between different brands. The results indicate a wide window of variability of exposure for Canadians and the low power of the study indicates a larger need for further studies to confirm the findings.

scholarly journals Bearing Characteristics of Diaphragm Wall Foundation under Vertical and Combined Load

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Gong
Keyword(s):  
Diaphragm Wall ◽  
Outer Side ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Vertical Load ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Combined Load ◽  
Rigid Pile ◽  
Side Resistance ◽  
Overturning Stability ◽  
Wall Foundation

To investigate the bearing characteristics of diaphragm wall foundation under combined load, the results from elasto-plastic analyses of 3D finite element models (FEM) were presented in this study. The vertical load of the diaphragm wall foundation is borne by inner and outer side resistance, resistance of soil core and the end of wall, respectively. Moreover, the sum of end resistance and soil core resistance accounts for about 75% of the vertical load. The mobilization mechanism and distribution of side resistance of the foundation were also analyzed. It is clarified that the mobilization characteristics of inner and outer side resistance of the wall are completely opposite. Due to the combined load, the horizontal load has an amplification effect on the settlement of the foundation. Additionally, the calculation methods of the Eight-component Winkler spring model and rigid pile displacement were used for determining the vertical load-bearing capacity and the overturning stability. A comparison between results from the FEM and the theoretical calculation methods showed that the results of the numerical simulation properly coincided with that of the displacement solution of theoretical model. The conclusions obtained by the above methods all indicate that the foundation has the characteristics of overall overturning failure under the combined load.

Selecting a suitable diversity index for a tropical Ramsar wetland site

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Vijayakumari ◽  
Gopal Prasad ◽  
Sheela Albert Moses
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Wetland Site ◽  
Ramsar Wetland
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