Studies of the Dispersed Composition of Atmospheric Aerosol and Its Relationship with Small Gas Impurities in the Near-Water Layer of Lake Baikal Based on the Results of Ship Measurements in the Summer of 2020

The atmosphere over Lake Baikal covers a vast area (31,500 square meters) and has more significant differences in the composition and variability of gaseous and aerosol components in atmospheric air than in coastal continental areas and is still a poorly studied object. In recent years, the anthropogenic impact on the ecosystem of Lake Baikal has been increasing due to the development of industry in the region, the expansion of tourist infrastructure and recreational areas of the coastal zone of the lake. In addition, one of the significant sources of atmospheric pollution in the Baikal region is the emissions of smoke aerosol and trace gases from forest fires, the number of which is increasing in the region. This article presents the results of experimental studies of the dispersed composition of aerosols and gas impurities, such as ozone, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides during route ship measurements in the water area of Lake Baikal in the summer of 2020.

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Spatial-Temporal Variability of Small Gas Impurities over Lake Baikal during the Forest Fires in the Summer of 2019

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12010020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 20

Author(s):

Galina Zhamsueva ◽

Alexander Zayakhanov ◽

Vadim Tcydypov ◽

Ayuna Dementeva ◽

Tumen Balzhanov

Keyword(s):

Lake Baikal ◽

Forest Fires ◽

Boreal Forests ◽

Trace Gases ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Ground Level ◽

Global Scale ◽

Water Area ◽

Ground Level Ozone ◽

Comprehensive Study

Lake Baikal—a unique ecosystem on a global scale—is undoubtedly of great interest for a comprehensive study of its ecosystem. In recent years, one of the most significant sources of atmospheric pollution in the Baikal region was the emission of smoke aerosol and trace gases from forest fires, the number of which is increasing in the region. The transport and accumulation of aerosol and small gas impurities over water area of Lake Baikal is observed every summer due to forest fires occurring in the boreal forests of Siberia. The atmosphere above the lake covers a huge area (31,500 km2) and is still a little-studied object. This article presents the results of experimental studies of ground-level ozone, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere over Lake Baikal, carried out on a research vessel during the boreal forest fires in Siberia in the summer of 2019.

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Shipborne And Ground-Based Lidar Monitoring of the Atmosphere Over the Lake Baikal in 2018

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/202023702032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 237 ◽

pp. 02032

Author(s):

Yurii S. Balin ◽

Marina G. Klemasheva ◽

Grigorii P. Kokhanenko ◽

Sergey V. Nasonov ◽

Ioganes E. Penner

Keyword(s):

Spatial Structure ◽

Lake Baikal ◽

Forest Fires ◽

Atmospheric Pollution ◽

Atmospheric Aerosol ◽

Baikal Region ◽

Physical Models ◽

The South ◽

Ground Based Lidar ◽

Background Area

The paper presents the results of studies aimed at the analysis and assessment of atmospheric pollution over the Lake Baikal in the summer. This information is necessary to create physical models of the formation and transfer of atmospheric aerosol fields, taking into account the physical and geographical features of the Baikal region. Measurements were carried out by a lidar «LOSA-A2» installed on the scientific-research vessel «Academician V.A. Koptyug». The vessel’s route passed along the South, Middle and Northern Baikal, from July 15, 2018 to July 26, 2018. At the same time, observations were conducted using lidar «LOSA-M2». It was located in the background area at Boyarsky stationary site (51.84° N, 106.06° E), in the south-eastern part of the lake. The results of changes in the spatial structure of atmospheric aerosol fields in background conditions and during forest fires are shown.

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PAHs transfer and intake to the water area of Lake Baikal during the summer forest fires in 2016

24th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics ◽

10.1117/12.2502818 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Irina Marinaite ◽

Elena Molozhnikova ◽

Tamara Khodzher

Keyword(s):

Lake Baikal ◽

Forest Fires ◽

Water Area

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Variability of Chemical Properties of the Atmospheric Aerosol above Lake Baikal during Large Wildfires in Siberia

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11111230 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1230

Author(s):

Liudmila Golobokova ◽

Tamara Khodzher ◽

Olga Khuriganova ◽

Irina Marinayte ◽

Natalia Onishchuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lake Baikal ◽

Atmospheric Aerosol ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Ionic Composition ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Water Layer ◽

Aerosol Deposition ◽

Anthropogenic Sources ◽

Significant Negative Impact ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic

The article analyzes the chemical composition (ions, elements, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) of the atmospheric aerosol in the near-water layer of the atmosphere above Lake Baikal during wildfires in Siberia. Aerosol deposition affects the aquatic environment of the watershed basin and the lake itself. The current law on Lake Baikal limits the activity of the permanent stationary anthropogenic sources of the aerosol in the central ecological zone, and they do not have a significant negative impact. Wildfires can have a much greater impact on the environment. Smoke emissions entering the area of Lake Baikal due to wildfires change the chemical properties of the atmospheric aerosol and increase its mass and number concentration. The concentrations of NH4+, K+, NO3−, and SO42−, which enter with submicron aerosol fraction, increase in the ionic composition of the aerosol. The composition of polyaromatic compounds changes, and their concentrations increase. Elevated concentrations of B, Mn, Zn, As, Sr, Cd, and Pb in the composition of aerosol indicate the influx of air masses from the areas prone to wildfires. Despite the sporadic effects of these natural factors, they affect the pollution of various Baikal ecosystems, especially small tributaries of the lake, whose main supply is atmospheric.

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Peculiarities of the spread of atmospheric aerosol over the water area of Lake Baikal

Russian Physics Journal ◽

10.1007/bf02508316 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 326-328

Author(s):

G. A. Ivlev ◽

T. M. Rasskazchikova ◽

D. V. Simonenkov

Keyword(s):

Lake Baikal ◽

Atmospheric Aerosol ◽

Water Area

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SELF-PURIFICATION OF SEA COASTAL WATER AREAS UNDER CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGE

Proceedings of International Conference "Managinag risks to coastal regions and communities in a changinag world" (EMECS'11 - SeaCoasts XXVI) ◽

10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b949eaa36b5.77769862 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Irina Mesenzeva ◽

Elena Sovga ◽

Tatyana Khmara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anthropogenic Impact ◽

Water Exchange ◽

Water Area ◽

Clean Water ◽

Ecological State ◽

Anthropogenic Change ◽

Run Off ◽

Open Sea ◽

Sevastopol Bay ◽

Assimilation Capacity

The ability of a bay and gulf ecosystems to self-purification was estimated and the current ecological state of the Sevastopol Bay in whole and the separated parts of the bay was given as an example. A zoning by type of anthropogenic impact subject to the water exchange with the open sea and an influence of the Chernaya River run-off were taken into account. A comparative analysis of assimilation capacity of the most environmentally disadvantaged part of the Sevastopol Bay (the Southern Bay) and the clean water area, bordering on the open sea, was carried out. The hydrodynamic regime of the Sevastopol Bay was described using numerical modelling. The prospect, opportunity and examples of the methodology for assessing the assimilation capacity of marine ecosystems are demonstrated.

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Innovative Directions of Business Development in the Tourism Sector in the Baikal Region

Baikal Research Journal ◽

10.17150/2411-6262.2020.11(4).5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Olga Chistyakova

Keyword(s):

Lake Baikal ◽

Baikal Region ◽

Medical Tourism ◽

International Experience ◽

Business Development ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

International Tourist ◽

Tourist Infrastructure ◽

The Creation ◽

The City

This article discusses innovative directions of business development in the tourism sector in the Baikal Region. The article examines the need to increase the availability and attractiveness of tourist services while preserving the ecosystem of the lake Baikal and adjacent territories. The author proposed to create new points of growth for tourism entrepreneurship in the Baikal Region by modernizing and creating new tourist infrastructure facilities. The research examined the expediency of creating an ecological Technopark and an international tourist and recreational complex in Irkutsk. The ecological Technopark can become the tourist core of Irkutsk, as well as the historical part of the city. The development of the Taltsy Museum, including the construction of new objects of both historical and commercial orientation, including the creation of an urban zone like the 130th quarter, is an innovative direction to develop entrepreneurship in the tourism sector in the Baikal region. The article suggests the feasibility of using the concept of glamping entrepreneurship in the Baikal Region. The most important innovative direction is the creation of a biotechnological valley in the Baikal Region. It will focus on the development of entrepreneurship in the field of modern biopharmaceutical technologies, as well as inbound educational, business and medical tourism. The research examined domestic and international experience of operating biotechnological clusters.

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Lidar profiling of aerosol optical properties from Paris to Lake Baikal (Siberia)

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-15-5007-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 5007-5026 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

E. Dieudonné ◽

P. Chazette ◽

F. Marnas ◽

J. Totems ◽

X. Shang

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Lake Baikal ◽

Forest Fires ◽

Western Europe ◽

Lower Boundary ◽

Aerosol Optical Properties ◽

Imaging Spectrometer ◽

Moderate Resolution ◽

The Difference ◽

First Time

Abstract. In June 2013, a ground-based mobile lidar performed the ~10 000 km ride from Paris to Ulan-Ude, near Lake Baikal, profiling for the first time aerosol optical properties all the way from western Europe to central Siberia. The instrument was equipped with N2-Raman and depolarization channels that enabled an optical speciation of aerosols in the low and middle troposphere. The extinction-to-backscatter ratio (also called lidar ratio or LR) and particle depolarization ratio (PDR) at 355 nm have been retrieved. The LR in the lower boundary layer (300–700 m) was found to be 63 ± 17 sr on average during the campaign with a distribution slightly skewed toward higher values that peaks between 50 and 55 sr. Although the difference is small, PDR values observed in Russian cities (>2%, except after rain) are systematically higher than the ones measured in Europe (<1%), which is probably an effect of the lifting of terrigenous aerosols by traffic on roads. Biomass burning layers from grassland or/and forest fires in southern Russia exhibit LR values ranging from 65 to 107 sr and from 3 to 4% for the PDR. During the route, desert dust aerosols originating from the Caspian and Aral seas regions were characterized for the first time, with a LR (PDR) of 43 ± 14 sr (23 ± 2%) for pure dust. The lidar observations also showed that this dust event extended over 2300 km and lasted for ~6 days. Measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) show that our results are comparable in terms of aerosol optical thickness (between 0.05 and 0.40 at 355 nm) with the mean aerosol load encountered throughout our route.

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