Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of the Traditional Medicinal Plant Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br.

Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. (Brassicaceae) is widely cultivated for ornamental purposes and utilized as a medicinal plant. In the present work, the hydroalcoholic extract from the aerial parts of this species has been evaluated in different bioassays in order to detect potential pharmacological applications. The cytotoxic capacity against the human colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines was tested using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The extract was investigated as a neuroprotective inhibitor of central nervous system (CNS) enzymes such as monoamine oxidase A, tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase, and as a natural enzyme inhibitor of α-glucosidase and lipase involved in some metabolic disorders such as obesity or type 2 diabetes. The antioxidant ability was also evaluated in an enzymatic system (xanthine/xanthine oxidase assay). Results showed that the M. incana extract displayed moderate to low cytotoxicity vs. CaCo-2 cells. The extract acted as a superoxide radical scavenger and enzymatic inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A, tyrosinase, α-glucosidase, and lipase. The best results were found in the α-glucosidase assay, as M. incana hydroalcoholic extract was able to inhibit the enzyme α-glucosidase up to 100% without significant differences, compared to the antidiabetic drug acarbose. Matthiola incana has been demonstrated to exert different biological properties. These are important in order to consider this species as a source of bioactive compounds.

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The Metabolite Urolithin-A Ameliorates Oxidative Stress in Neuro-2a Cells, Becoming a Potential Neuroprotective Agent

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9020177 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 177 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Guillermo Cásedas ◽

Francisco Les ◽

Carmen Choya-Foces ◽

Martín Hugo ◽

Víctor López

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Mitochondrial Activity ◽

Radical Scavenger ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Urolithin A ◽

Ic50 Values

Urolithin A is a metabolite generated from ellagic acid and ellagitannins by the intestinal microbiota after consumption of fruits such as pomegranates or strawberries. The objective of this study was to determine the cytoprotective capacity of this polyphenol in Neuro-2a cells subjected to oxidative stress, as well as its direct radical scavenging activity and properties as an inhibitor of oxidases. Cells treated with this compound and H2O2 showed a greater response to oxidative stress than cells only treated with H2O2, as mitochondrial activity (MTT assay), redox state (ROS formation, lipid peroxidation), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT: catalase, SOD: superoxide dismutase, GR: glutathione reductase, GPx: glutathione peroxidase) were significantly ameliorated; additionally, urolithin A enhanced the expression of cytoprotective peroxiredoxins 1 and 3. Urolithin A also acted as a direct radical scavenger, showing values of 13.2 μM Trolox Equivalents for Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and 5.01 µM and 152.66 µM IC50 values for superoxide and 2,2-diphenyss1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, respectively. Finally, inhibition of oxidizing enzymes, such as monoamine oxidase A and tyrosinase, was also detected in a dose-dependent manner. The cytoprotective effects of urolithin A could be attributed to the improvement of the cellular antioxidant battery, but also to its role as a direct radical scavenger and enzyme inhibitor of oxidases.

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Disposition kinetics of moclobemide, a monoamine oxidase-A enzyme inhibitor: Single and multiple dosing in normal subjects

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics ◽

10.1038/clpt.1987.169 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 395-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Marie-Paule Schoerlin ◽

Michael Mayersohn ◽

Adrienne Korn ◽

Herwig Eggers

Keyword(s):

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Multiple Dosing ◽

Disposition Kinetics ◽

Kinetics Of

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Microbial Metabolite Urolithin B Inhibits Recombinant Human Monoamine Oxidase A Enzyme

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo10060258 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 258

Author(s):

Rajbir Singh ◽

Sandeep Chandrashekharappa ◽

Praveen Kumar Vemula ◽

Bodduluri Haribabu ◽

Venkatakrishna Rao Jala

Keyword(s):

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Mao B ◽

Functional Activities ◽

Mao A ◽

Mao Activity ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Urolithin B

Urolithins are gut microbial metabolites derived from ellagitannins (ET) and ellagic acid (EA), and shown to exhibit anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-glycative and anti-oxidant activities. Similarly, the parent molecules, ET and EA are reported for their neuroprotection and antidepressant activities. Due to the poor bioavailability of ET and EA, the in vivo functional activities cannot be attributed exclusively to these compounds. Elevated monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities are responsible for the inactivation of monoamine neurotransmitters in neurological disorders, such as depression and Parkinson’s disease. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of urolithins (A, B and C) and EA on MAO activity using recombinant human MAO-A and MAO-B enzymes. Urolithin B was found to be a better MAO-A enzyme inhibitor among the tested urolithins and EA with an IC50 value of 0.88 µM, and displaying a mixed mode of inhibition. However, all tested compounds exhibited higher IC50 (>100 µM) for MAO-B enzyme.

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Cortical monoamine oxidase - a distribution in seasonal affective disorder compared to healthy controls

10.26226/morressier.5971be83d462b80290b52ea0 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Gregory Miles James

Keyword(s):

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Affective Disorder ◽

Seasonal Affective Disorder ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Healthy Controls

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Tamarix articulata (T. articulata) - An Important Halophytic Medicinal Plant with Potential Pharmacological Properties

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201020666190318120103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 285-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan ◽

Bilal Rah

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Biological Properties ◽

In Vivo Model ◽

Drug Candidate ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Pharmacological Properties

Background:Tamarix Articulata (T. articulata), commonly known as Tamarisk or Athal in Arabic region, belongs to the Tamaricaece species. It is an important halophytic medicinal plant and a good source of polyphenolic phytochemical(s). In traditional medicines, T. articulata extract is commonly used, either singly or in combination with other plant extracts against different ailments since ancient times.Methods:Electronic database survey via Pubmed, Google Scholar, Researchgate, Scopus and Science Direct were used to review the scientific inputs until October 2018, by searching appropriate keywords. Literature related to pharmacological activities of T. articulata, Tamarix species, phytochemical analysis of T. articulata, biological activities of T. articulata extracts. All of these terms were used to search the scientific literature associated with T. articulata; the dosage of extract, route of administration, extract type, and in-vitro and in-vivo model.Results:Numerous reports revealed that T. articulata contains a wide spectrum of phytochemical(s), which enables it to have a wide window of biological properties. Owing to the presence of high content of phytochemical compounds like polyphenolics and flavonoids, T. articulata is a potential source of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. In view of these pharmacological properties, T. articulata could be a potential drug candidate to treat various clinical conditions including cancer in the near future.Conclusion:In this review, the spectrum of phytochemical(s) has been summarized for their pharmacological properties and the mechanisms of action, and the possible potential therapeutic applications of this plant against various diseases discussed.

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