scholarly journals An Economic Dilemma between Molecular Weapon Systems May Explain an Arachno-Atypical Venom in Wasp Spiders (Argiope bruennichi)

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lüddecke ◽  
Björn M. von Reumont ◽  
Frank Förster ◽  
André Billion ◽  
Thomas Timm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Hunting Behavior ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
High Molecular Weight Proteins ◽  
Antigen 5 ◽  
Economic Dilemma

Spiders use venom to subdue their prey, but little is known about the diversity of venoms in different spider families. Given the limited data available for orb-weaver spiders (Araneidae), we selected the wasp spider Argiope bruennichi for detailed analysis. Our strategy combined a transcriptomics pipeline based on multiple assemblies with a dual proteomics workflow involving parallel mass spectrometry techniques and electrophoretic profiling. We found that the remarkably simple venom of A. bruennichi has an atypical composition compared to other spider venoms, prominently featuring members of the cysteine-rich secretory protein, antigen 5 and pathogenesis-related protein 1 (CAP) superfamily and other, mostly high-molecular-weight proteins. We also detected a subset of potentially novel toxins similar to neuropeptides. We discuss the potential function of these proteins in the context of the unique hunting behavior of wasp spiders, which rely mostly on silk to trap their prey. We propose that the simplicity of the venom evolved to solve an economic dilemma between two competing yet metabolically expensive weapon systems. This study emphasizes the importance of cutting-edge methods to encompass the lineages of smaller venomous species that have yet to be characterized in detail, allowing us to understand the biology of their venom systems and to mine this prolific resource for translational research.

scholarly journals An economic dilemma between weapon systems may explain an arachno-atypical venom in wasp spiders (Argiope bruennichi)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lüddecke ◽  
Björn M. von Reumont ◽  
Frank Förster ◽  
André Billion ◽  
Thomas Timm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Hunting Behavior ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
High Molecular Weight Proteins ◽  
Economic Dilemma

AbstractSpiders use venom to subdue their prey, but little is known about the diversity of venoms in different spider families. Given the limited data available for orb-weaver spiders (Araneidae) we selected the wasp spider Argiope bruennichi for detailed analysis. Our strategy combined a transcriptomics pipeline based on multiple assemblies with a dual proteomics workflow involving parallel mass spectrometry techniques and electrophoretic profiling. We found that the remarkably simple venom of A. bruennichi has an atypical composition compared to other spider venoms, prominently featuring members of the CAP superfamily and other, mostly high-molecular-weight proteins. We also detected a subset of potentially novel toxins similar to neuropeptides. We discuss the potential function of these proteins in the context of the unique hunting behavior of wasp spiders, which rely mostly on silk to trap their prey. We propose that the simplicity of the venom evolved to solve an economic dilemma between two competing yet metabolically expensive weapon systems. This study emphasizes the importance of cutting-edge methods to encompass smaller lineages of venomous species that have yet to be characterized in detail, allowing us to understand the biology of their venom systems and to mine this prolific resource for translational research.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Cone Snail Protease with Homology to CRISP Proteins of the Pathogenesis-related Protein Superfamily

2003 ◽  
Vol 278 (33) ◽  
pp. 31105-31110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trudy J. Milne ◽  
Giovanni Abbenante ◽  
Joel D. A. Tyndall ◽  
Judy Halliday ◽  
Richard J. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Cone Snail ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Protein Superfamily ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related

Overexpression of a pepper basic pathogenesis-related protein 1 gene in tobacco plants enhances resistance to heavy metal and pathogen stresses

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujon Sarowar ◽  
Young Jin Kim ◽  
Eui Nam Kim ◽  
Ki Deok Kim ◽  
Byung Kook Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related

scholarly journals Purification and Characterization of Tobacco Pathogenesis-Related Protein PR-5d, an Antifungal Thaumatin-like Protein

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Koiwa ◽  
H. Kato ◽  
T. Nakatsu ◽  
J. Oda ◽  
Y. Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Related Protein ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related

A potato pathogenesis-related protein gene, StPRp27, contributes to race-nonspecific resistance against Phytophthora infestans

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 1909-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Shi ◽  
Zhendong Tian ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Edwin A. G. van der Vossen ◽  
Conghua Xie
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Nonspecific Resistance ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related

scholarly journals Glioma Pathogenesis-Related 1-Like 1 Is Testis Enriched, Dynamically Modified, and Redistributed during Male Germ Cell Maturation and Has a Potential Role in Sperm-Oocyte Binding

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (5) ◽  
pp. 2331-2342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard M. Gibbs ◽  
Jennifer Chi Yi Lo ◽  
Brett Nixon ◽  
Duangporn Jamsai ◽  
Anne E. O'Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Distinct Subgroup ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Antigen 5

The glioma pathogenesis-related 1 (GLIPR1) family consists of three genes [GLIPR1, GLIPR1-like 1 (GLIPR1L1), and GLIPR1-like 2 (GLIPR1L2)] and forms a distinct subgroup within the cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRISP), antigen 5, and pathogenesis-related 1 (CAP) superfamily. CAP superfamily proteins are found in phyla ranging from plants to humans and, based largely on expression and limited functional studies, are hypothesized to have roles in carcinogenesis, immunity, cell adhesion, and male fertility. Specifically data from a number of systems suggests that sequences within the C-terminal CAP domain of CAP proteins have the ability to promote cell-cell adhesion. Herein we cloned mouse Glipr1l1 and have shown it has a testis-enriched expression profile. GLIPR1L1 is posttranslationally modified by N-linked glycosylation during spermatogenesis and ultimately becomes localized to the connecting piece of elongated spermatids and sperm. After sperm capacitation, however, GLIPR1L1 is also localized to the anterior regions of the sperm head. Zona pellucida binding assays indicate that GLIPR1L1 has a role in the binding of sperm to the zona pellucida surrounding the oocyte. These data suggest that, along with other members of the CAP superfamily and several other proteins, GLIPR1L1 is involved in the binding of sperm to the oocyte complex. Collectively these data further strengthen the role of CAP domain-containing proteins in cellular adhesion and propose a mechanism whereby CAP proteins show overlapping functional significance during fertilization.

Gene structure and in situ transcript localization of pathogenesis-related protein 1 in parsley

1988 ◽  
Vol 213 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre E. Somssich ◽  
Elmon Schmelzer ◽  
Petra Kawalleck ◽  
Klaus Hahlbrock
Keyword(s):  
Gene Structure ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related

A novel pathogenesis-related protein (SsPR10) from Solanum surattense with ribonucleolytic and antimicrobial activity is stress- and pathogen-inducible

2006 ◽  
Vol 163 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Liu ◽  
Beibei Huang ◽  
Juan Lin ◽  
Jiong Fei ◽  
Zhonghai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Solanum Surattense ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related
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