scholarly journals Shared Patterns of Brain Functional Connectivity for the Comorbidity between Migraine and Insomnia

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1420
Author(s):  
Kun-Hsien Chou ◽  
Chen-Yuan Kuo ◽  
Chih-Sung Liang ◽  
Pei-Lin Lee ◽  
Chia-Kuang Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Functional Disturbance ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Postcentral Gyrus ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity ◽  
Group Comparisons

Migraine is commonly comorbid with insomnia; both disorders are linked to functional disturbance of the default mode network (DMN). Evidence suggests that DMN could be segregated into multiple subnetworks with specific roles that underline different cognitive processes. However, the relative contributions of DMN subnetworks in the comorbidity of migraine and insomnia remain largely unknown. This study sought to identify altered functional connectivity (FC) profiles of DMN subnetworks in the comorbidity of migraine and insomnia. Direct group comparisons with healthy controls, followed by conjunction analyses, were used to identify shared FC alterations of DMN subnetworks. The shared FC changes of the DMN subnetworks in the migraine and insomnia groups were identified in the dorsomedial prefrontal and posteromedial cortex subnetworks. These shared FC changes were primarily associated with motor and somatosensory systems, and consistently found in patients with comorbid migraine and insomnia. Additionally, the magnitude of FC between the posteromedial cortex and postcentral gyrus correlated with insomnia duration in patients with comorbid migraine and insomnia. Our findings point to specific FC alterations of the DMN subnetwork in migraine and insomnia. The shared patterns of FC disturbance may be associated with the underlying mechanisms of the comorbidity of the two disorders.

scholarly journals Brain functional connectivity and morphology changes in medication-overuse headache: Clue for dependence-related processes?

Cephalalgia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 605-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chanraud ◽  
G Di Scala ◽  
B Dilharreguy ◽  
J Schoenen ◽  
M Allard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Medication Overuse ◽  
Medication Overuse Headache ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

Background Several imaging studies have identified localized anatomical and functional brain changes in medication-overuse headache (MOH). Objective The objective of this article is to evaluate whole-brain functional connectivity at rest together with voxel-based morphometry in MOH patients, in comparison with episodic migraine (EM) patients and healthy controls (HCs). Methods Anatomical MRI and resting-state functional MRI scans were obtained in MOH patients ( n = 17 and 9, respectively), EM patients ( n = 18 and 15, respectively) and HCs ( n = 17 and 17). SPM8 was used to analyze voxel-based morphometry and seed (left precuneus) to voxel connectivity data in the whole brain. Results Functional connectivity at rest was altered in MOH patients. Connectivity was decreased between precuneus and regions of the default-mode network (frontal and parietal cortices), but increased between precuneus and hippocampal/temporal areas. These functional modifications were not accompanied by significant gross morphological changes. Furthermore, connectivity between precuneus and frontal areas in MOH was negatively correlated with migraine duration and positively correlated with self-evaluation of medication dependence. Gray matter volumes of frontal regions, precuneus and hippocampus were also negatively related to migraine duration. Functional connectivity within the default-mode network appeared to predict anxiety scores of MOH patients while gray matter volumes in this network predicted their depression scores. Conclusions Our data suggest that MOH is associated with functional alterations within intrinsic brain networks rather than with macrostructural changes. They also support the view that dependence-related processes might play a prominent role in its development and maintenance.

Examining resting-state functional connectivity in key hubs of the default mode network in chronic low back pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sin Ki Ng ◽  
Donna M. Urquhart ◽  
Paul B. Fitzgerald ◽  
Flavia M. Cicuttini ◽  
Melissa Kirkovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Default Mode

Abstract Objectives Changes in brain connectivity have been observed within the default mode network (DMN) in chronic low back pain (CLBP), however the extent of these disruptions and how they may be related to CLBP requires further examination. While studies using seed-based analysis have found disrupted functional connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a major hub of the DMN, limited studies have investigated other equally important hubs, such as the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in CLBP. Methods This preliminary study comprised 12 individuals with CLBP and 12 healthy controls who completed a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. The mPFC and PCC were used as seeds to assess functional connectivity. Results Both groups displayed similar patterns of DMN connectivity, however group comparisons showed that CLBP group had reduced connectivity between the PCC and angular gyrus compared to healthy controls. An exploratory analysis examined whether the alterations observed in mPFC and PCC connectivity were related to pain catastrophizing in CLBP, but no significant associations were observed. Conclusions These results may suggest alterations in the PCC are apparent in CLBP, however, the impact and functional role of these disruptions require further investigation.

Abstract 19: Default Mode Network Alterations in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Resting State FMRI Study

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell J Horn ◽  
Elif Gokcal ◽  
Aina Frau-Pascual ◽  
Kristin M Schwab ◽  
Anand Viswanathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid

Introduction: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is an established cause of intracerebral hemorrhage and vascular dysfunction leading to ischemia. Functional connectivity analysis using MRI is becoming an important tool to analyze the brain activity during resting state, the default mode network (DMN) representing the prototypical set of connections. As CAA pathology has a posterior predominance, we sought to characterize the functional connectivity of the posterior DMN at resting state in patients with CAA. Methods: Patients with probable CAA diagnosed using Boston Criteria and healthy controls (HC) were prospectively enrolled and received high resolution 3T MRI scans including dedicated resting-state fMRI sequences. Functional seed-to-seed analyses were done using the default processing pipeline in the CONN Toolbox. Correlation maps between the established DMN and specific regions of the posterior DMN, the precuneus and posterior cingulate, were averaged within groups and compared in an ANCOVA model. Results: Study participants consisted of 60 patients with probable CAA and 20 healthy controls [aged 69 ± 7.5 vs 72.3 ± 8 years, P = 0.108]. Seed-to-seed analysis revealed a significantly lower strength of DMN connectivity in CAA when compared to controls in the precuneus [ P = 0.009] and posterior cingulate [ P = 0.003] adjusted for age and sex (Fig 1). Conclusion: Patients with CAA exhibited significant loss of connectivity in the posterior regions of the DMN when compared to controls. The precuneus and posterior cingulate are core regions of the DMN with reportedly high metabolic rates at rest. Disruption of these posterior DMN regions might occur due to vascular amyloid pathology that shows a predominantly posterior distribution.

Functional disconnection between subsystems of the default mode network in schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fengmei Fan ◽  
Shuping Tan ◽  
Junchao Huang ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
Hongzhen Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Illness Duration ◽  
The Core ◽  
Connectivity Strength

Abstract Background A dysfunctional default mode network (DMN) has been reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, the stability of the deficits has not been determined across different stages of the disorder. Methods We examined the functional connectivity of the DMN subsystems of 125 patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) or recurrent schizophrenia (RES), compared to that of 82 healthy controls. We tested the robustness of the findings in an independent cohort of 158 patients and 39 healthy controls. We performed resting-state functional connectivity analysis, and examined the strength of the connections within and between the three subsystems of the DMN (core, dorsal medial prefrontal cortex [dMPFC], and medial temporal lobe [MTL]). We also analyzed the connectivity correlations to symptoms and illness duration. Results We found reduced connectivity strength between the core and MTL subsystems in schizophrenia patients compared to controls, with no differences between the FES and RES patient groups; these findings were validated in the second sample. Schizophrenia patients also showed a significant reduction in connectivity within the MTL and between the dMPFC−MTL subsystems, similarly between FES and RES groups. The connectivity strength within the core subsystem was negatively correlated with clinical symptoms in schizophrenia. There was no significant correlation between the DMN subsystem connectivity and illness duration. Conclusions DMN subsystem connectivity deficits are present in schizophrenia, and the homochronicity of their appearance indicates the trait-like nature of these alterations. The DMN deficit may be useful for early diagnosis, and MTL dysfunction may be a crucial mechanism underlying schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Brain functional connectivity, dopamine and the default mode network in ADHD

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silberstein Richard ◽  
Pipingas Andrew ◽  
Stough Con ◽  
Camfield David ◽  
Farrow Maree
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity
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