Long-Term Plasticity in Reflex Excitability Induced by Five Weeks of Arm and Leg Cycling Training after Stroke

Spinal networks in the cervical and lumbar cord are actively coupled during locomotion to coordinate arm and leg activity. The goals of this project were to investigate the intersegmental cervicolumbar connectivity during cycling after incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) and to assess the effect of rehabilitation training on improving reflex modulation mediated by cervicolumbar pathways. Two studies were conducted. In the first, 22 neurologically intact (NI) people and 10 people with chronic iSCI were recruited. The change in H-reflex amplitude in flexor carpi radialis (FCR) during leg cycling and H-reflex amplitude in soleus (SOL) during arm cycling were investigated. In the second study, two groups of participants with chronic iSCI underwent 12 wk of cycling training: one performed combined arm and leg cycling (A&L) and the other legs only cycling (Leg). The effect of training paradigm on the amplitude of the SOL H-reflex was assessed. Significant reduction in the amplitude of both FCR and SOL H-reflexes during dynamic cycling of the opposite limbs was found in NI participants but not in participants with iSCI. Nonetheless, there was a significant reduction in the SOL H-reflex during dynamic arm cycling in iSCI participants after training. Substantial improvements in SOL H-reflex properties were found in the A&L group after training. The results demonstrate that cervicolumbar modulation during rhythmic movements is disrupted in people with chronic iSCI; however, this modulation is restored after cycling training. Furthermore, involvement of the arms simultaneously with the legs during training may better regulate the leg spinal reflexes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work systematically demonstrates the disruptive effect of incomplete spinal cord injury on cervicolumbar coupling during rhythmic locomotor movements. It also shows that the impaired cervicolumbar coupling could be significantly restored after cycling training. Actively engaging the arms in rehabilitation paradigms for the improvement of walking substantially regulates the excitability of the lumbar spinal networks. The resulting regulation may be better than that obtained by interventions that focus on training of the legs only.

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From Sedentary and Physical Inactive Behaviours to an Ultra Cycling Race: A Mixed-Method Case Report

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17020502 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 502

Author(s):

Kenny Guex ◽

Sophie Wicht ◽

Cyril Besson ◽

Francis Degache ◽

Boris Gojanovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Nursing Students ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Role Models ◽

Nursing Student ◽

Health Sciences ◽

The Subject ◽

Cycling Training

In faculties of health sciences, almost 30% of nursing students exercise less than once a week. This mixed-method case report presents the 38-month evolution of the physiological and psychological health parameters of a sedentary and physically inactive nursing student. During this period, she first took part in a one-semester institutional physical activity (PA) program that was offered by her university before being selected for participation in the Race Across America (RAAM) with a university relay team. In the four months leading up to the RAAM, she followed a cycling training program. After the RAAM, she was followed-up for the next 28 months. The results showed that each phase of the study had an important impact on the subject and showed that sedentary and physical inactive behaviours are reversible. Institutional PA programs, including training education in addition to concurrent strength and endurance training, can lead to physiological and psychological health improvements. For some individuals, participating in an athletic challenge can improve motivation and long-term adherence to PA participation. An individualised approach should be considered in future interventions that aim to promote PA participation. In the specific context of a university of health sciences, this kind of initiative could positively influence the general population’s health by empowering students to become role models towards PA promotion.

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Local and systemic effects of leg cycling training on arterial wall thickness in healthy humans

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.05.013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 229 (2) ◽

pp. 282-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Dick H.J. Thijssen ◽

Ellen A. Dawson ◽

Inge C.L. van den Munckhof ◽

Gurpreet K. Birk ◽

N. Timothy Cable ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wall Thickness ◽

Arterial Wall ◽

Systemic Effects ◽

Arterial Wall Thickness ◽

Healthy Humans ◽

Leg Cycling ◽

Cycling Training

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Long-Term Feedback Mechanisms for Robotic Assisted Indoor Cycling Training

Applicative 2015 on - Applicative 2015 ◽

10.1145/2814940.2814962 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Sebastian Schneider ◽

Luise Süssenbach ◽

Ingmar Berger ◽

Franz Kummert

Keyword(s):

Feedback Mechanisms ◽

Robotic Assisted ◽

Cycling Training

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Corrigendum to “Local and systemic effects of leg cycling training on arterial wall thickness in healthy humans” [Atherosclerosis 229 (2) (2013) 282–286]

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.11.044 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 232 (2) ◽

pp. 259

Author(s):

Dick H.J. Thijssen ◽

Ellen A. Dawson ◽

Inge C.L. van den Munckhof ◽

Gurpreet K. Birk ◽

N. Timothy Cable ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wall Thickness ◽

Arterial Wall ◽

Systemic Effects ◽

Arterial Wall Thickness ◽

Healthy Humans ◽

Leg Cycling ◽

Cycling Training

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Morphological and biochemical parameters of blood of rats for the long-term effect of the drug “Vitosept”

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.32718/nvlvet9420 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (94) ◽

pp. 109-114

Author(s):

M. P. Soltys

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Transition Metal Ions ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Control Group ◽

Reflex Excitability ◽

Long Term Effect ◽

Long Term Experiment ◽

Blood Leukocyte

The basis of the drug “Vitosept” is a solution of high-purity sodium hypochlorite (SH), which is obtained in a specially developed dyadiafragm flow electrolyzer, in the process of direct electrochemical reaction, bypassing the formation of molecular chlorine. As an initial electrolyte, an isotonic solution of sodium chloride (0.9% NaCl) was prepared on water purified by a special technology. Such solutions do not contain impurities of organic substances and transition metal ions. The resulting solution of SH is the optimal carrier of active oxygen. The purpose of the study was to find out the effects of various dosage of the drug “Vitosept” for its intravenous introduction, in a long-term experiment. As a result of the conducted experiments, it was found that during the entire observation period of the investigated drug “Vitosept” signs of inadequate reaction, intoxication or death of animals were not observed. At the same time, there were no reservations regarding behavioral reactions, reflex excitability, clinical manifestations of respiratory distress, urinary excision and defecation. Only animals of the 4th group, after administration of the highest dosage of the drug (500 mg/l), were slightly suppressed, were slightly responsive to acoustic and light stimuli, had somewhat disturbed reflex excitability. However, an hour after the cessation of giving the drug, the evidence of all the animals in this group disappeared. It was found out that for long-term intradermal introduction to the laboratory animals of the drug “Vitosept” at dosages of 50 and 100 mg/l, the abnormalities in the studied morphological and biochemical parameters of blood, compared to the same in the control group were not found. Concerning the rats of the IV group that received the highest study dosage of the drug (500 mg/l) through the probe, certain possible changes in the hematological, biochemical parameters of blood (leukocyte count increase in blood, activity of AsAT, LF, decrease in serum urea blood concentration, creatinine) were observed, in our opinion, compensatory and disappeared within a few days after discontinuation of the drug. Consequently, taking into account our previous studies on the establishment of the parameters of acute toxicity of the drug “Vitosept” and the results obtained regarding its effects on hemopoiesis and the functional state of the liver and kidneys, it can be argued that the drug “Vitocet” belongs to the IV class of compounds – low toxicity.

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REDUCED BLOOD VOLUME IN SPINAL CORD INJURED INDIVIDUALS INCREASED WITH ELECTRICALLY STIMULATED LEG-CYCLING TRAINING.

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1097/00005768-199905001-00762 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 31 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S172

Author(s):

S. Houtman ◽

B. Oeseburg ◽

M. T.E. Hopman

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Blood Volume ◽

Leg Cycling ◽

Spinal Cord Injured ◽

Cycling Training

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Influence of long-term spaceflight on neuromechanical properties of muscles in humans

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00666.2002 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 490-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Daniel Lambertz ◽

Francis Goubel ◽

Rustem Kaspranski ◽

Chantal Pérot

Keyword(s):

Elastic Properties ◽

Stretch Reflex ◽

Triceps Surae ◽

Individual Data ◽

Stretch Reflexes ◽

Reflex Excitability ◽

Voluntary Contractions ◽

Musculotendinous Stiffness

Reflex and elastic properties of the triceps surae (TS) were measured on 12 male cosmonauts 28–40 days before a 3- to 6-mo spaceflight, 2 or 3 days after return (R+2/+3) and a few days later (R+5/+6). H reflexes to electrical stimulations and T reflexes to tendon taps gave the reflex excitability at rest. Under voluntary contractions, reflex excitability was assessed by the stretch reflex, elicited by sinusoidal length perturbations. Stiffness measurements concerned the musculoarticular system in passive conditions and the musculotendinous complex in active conditions. Results indicated 1) no changes ( P > 0.05) in H reflexes, whatever the day of test, and 2) increase in T reflexes ( P < 0.05) by 57%, despite a decrease ( P < 0.05) in musculoarticular stiffness (11%) on R+2/+3. T reflexes decreased ( P < 0.05) between R+2/+3 and R+5/+6 (−21%); 3) increase in stretch reflexes ( P< 0.05) on R+2/+3 by 31%, whereas it decreased ( P < 0.05) between R+2/+3 and R+5/+6 (−29%). Musculotendinous stiffness was increased ( P < 0.05) whatever the day of test (25%). Links between changes in reflex and stiffness were also studied by considering individual data. At R+2/+3, correlated changes between T reflexes and musculoarticular stiffness suggested that, besides central adaptive phenomena, musculoarticular structures took part in the reflex adaptation. This mechanical contribution was confirmed when data collected at R+2/+3 and R+5/+6 were used because correlations between changes in stretch reflexes and musculotendinous stiffness were improved. In conclusion, the present study shows that peripheral influences take part in reflex changes in gravitational unloaded muscles, but can only be revealed when central influences are reduced.

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