Strengthening Solutions for Deep Reinforced Concrete Beam with Cutout Opening

Since reinforced concrete (RC) buildings have long service life, cutout openings are generally needed in their load-bearing walls as a sustainable solution in order to meet new requirements of their users. However, the cutout openings decrease the load-bearing capacity of the walls, which may result in the failure of the buildings. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of making a door opening in a load-bearing RC wall of an existing building in Gävle in Sweden. The wall studied in the current paper rests on two individual supports at its two ends; thus, it is considered as a deep beam. However, it is called an examined wall (EW) here. The StruSoft FEM-Design software is used in this study to model, analyze, and design the building based on the Eurocodes and Swedish national annex. The potential need for the EW to be strengthened when the cutout opening is made is also evaluated. It is concluded that strengthening the EW with cutout opening is needed. Different strengthening solutions are proposed for the EW. Moreover, the situation of the EW with the solutions is assessed with regard to the utilization ratio, deflection, and weight. Consequently, it is demonstrated that the proposed strengthening solutions function well for the EW.

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Load Bearing Capacity Calculation of the System “Reinforced Concrete Beam – Deformable Base” under Torsion with Bending

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199704059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 ◽

pp. 04059 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alexey Dem’yanov ◽

Vladymir Kolchunov ◽

Igor Iakovenko ◽

Anastasiya Kozarez

Keyword(s):

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Bearing Capacity ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Concrete Beam ◽

Equations Of State ◽

Reinforced Concrete Beam ◽

Load Bearing Capacity ◽

Load Bearing ◽

Deformable Base ◽

The Relationship

It is presented the formulation and solution of the load bearing capacity of statically indeterminable systems “reinforced concrete beam – deformable base” by spatial cross-sections under force and deformation effects. The solution of problem is currently practically absent in general form. It has been established the relationship between stresses and strains of compressed concrete and tensile reinforcement in the form of diagrams. The properties of the base model connections are described based on a variable rigidity coefficient. It is constructed a system of n equations in the form of the initial parameters method with using the modules of the force (strain) action vector. The equations of state are the dependences that establish the relationship between displacements which are acting on the beam with load. Constants of integration are determined by recurrent formulas. It makes possible to obtain the method of initial parameters in the expanded form and, consequently, the method of displacements for calculating statically indefinable systems. The values of the effort obtained could be used to determine the curvature and rigidity of the sections in this way. It is necessary not to set the vector modulusP, the deformation is set in any section (the module is considered as an unknown) during the problem is solving. This allows us to obtain an unambiguous solution even in the case when the dependence M–χ has a downward section, i.e one value of moment can correspond to two values of curvature.

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Numerical Simulation of Load Bearing Capacity of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beam after Cyclic Loading

Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development (English Edition) ◽

10.1061/jhtrcq.0000466 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 16-23

Author(s):

Xiao-ming Yang ◽

Fu-zhai Li ◽

Guo-jun Sun

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Cyclic Loading ◽

Bearing Capacity ◽

Concrete Beam ◽

Reinforced Concrete Beam ◽

Load Bearing Capacity ◽

Load Bearing

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Comparative analysis of reinforced concrete tee beams reinforcement methods

Russian journal of transport engineering ◽

10.15862/05sats220 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Danil Baldin ◽

Andrey Kraev ◽

Erkn Zhaisambaev

Keyword(s):

Composite Material ◽

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Concrete Beam ◽

Reinforced Concrete Beam ◽

Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽

Load Bearing Capacity ◽

Load Bearing ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Amplification Method ◽

Extended Zone

Due to the increase in requirements for transport facilities, there is a need to strengthen them. The article is devoted to the analysis of reinforcement methods for load-bearing reinforced concrete structures of transport structures. The author notes in what period of the bridge’s life, it needs reinforcement, what difficulties are associated with reinforcing structures, and what are the main amplification methods that exist today. In order to select the optimal amplification method, it is necessary to carry out verification calculations, study the zone requiring amplification, take into account how many times the load-bearing capacity will increase and whether additional force effects will occur. This article describes the advantages and disadvantages of reinforcing by welding additional reinforcement and bonding composite material. The author calculated the amplification of the extended zone of the T-section reinforced concrete beam of the superstructure with additional reinforcement and composite materials. Based on the calculations made, recommendations have been put forward on the relevance of using one or another method of reinforcing the structure.

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The load-bearing behaviour of a reinforced concrete beam investigated by optical measuring techniques

Materials and Structures ◽

10.1617/s11527-021-01699-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Götz Hüsken ◽

Stephan Pirskawetz ◽

Detlef Hofmann ◽

Frank Basedau ◽

Klaus-Peter Gründer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Concrete Beam ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Shear Failure ◽

Reinforced Concrete Beam ◽

Image Correlation ◽

Fibre Bragg Grating ◽

Load Bearing ◽

Measuring Techniques ◽

Deformation Measurements

AbstractBending beams and slabs are typical examples for structural elements used for reinforced concrete structures such as bridge girders, T-beams and bridge decks. Their strength related failure modes at maximum loading can be divided into bending and shear failure. The failure of beams loaded in bending can occur with or without indication. Therefore, conventional design concepts aim on failure modes with sufficient indication (e.g. large deflections or cracks), as it occurs in the case of secondary flexural compression failure. These indicating factors can also be used for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of civil infrastructure systems (e.g. bridges) to identify structural changes. In this context, non-destructive testing (NDT) methods offer different techniques for measuring deflections or crack formation and opening. However, profound knowledge on the determining failure modes of bending beams and their detection by NDT methods is required for the reliable application of SHM. Different NDT methods have been used in this study for analysing the load-bearing behaviour of a reinforced concrete beam in bending. The different measuring techniques are briefly described and their applicability is discussed by means of experimental results. For this purpose, the load-bearing behaviour of a reinforced concrete beam having a span of 2.75 m was investigated in a four-point bending flexural test at laboratory scale. The focus is on the characterization of determining failure modes by optical NDT and the comparison with classical measuring techniques (e.g. deformation measurements by displacement transducers). The bending beam was equipped with two single-mode (SM) sensor fibres. One fibre served as Distributed Optical Fibre Sensor (DOFS), whereas the other fibre contained Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors. In addition, optical deformation measurements using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and Stereophotogrammetry (SP) were conducted.

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Possibility of Increasing the Load Bearing Capacity of Parapet Bridge Structures

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.272.319 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 272 ◽

pp. 319-324

Author(s):

Adam Svoboda ◽

Ladislav Klusáček

Keyword(s):

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Concrete Beam ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Load Capacity ◽

Reinforced Concrete Beam ◽

Traffic Load ◽

Load Bearing Capacity ◽

Reinforced Concrete Bridge ◽

Bridge Structures ◽

Post Tensioning

Post-tensioning is a suitable, reliable and durable method for strengthening existing reinforced concrete bridge structures. The high efficiency of post-tensioning can be seen on many implemented applications for bridge reconstructions worldwide. There are still several thousands of beam and slab bridges the load capacity of which no longer meets the demanding transport conditions. The oldest reinforced concrete beam bridges, from 1905-1915, are designed according to the Austrian Ministry of Railways Bridge Standard of 1904 when the largest load to be considered was the 18-tonne road steamroller. These bridges are not dimensioned for the currently valid traffic load values. The paper deals with the strengthening of the parapet beam bridges from the period of 1905-1930. These bridges have two main beams pulled over the bridge deck which is supported by cross beams. The cross beams connect the two main beams, forming a half-frame in the transverse direction which provides spatial rigidity of the structure. The spans of these bridges are usually in the range of 15 to 25 m.

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