scholarly journals Non-Smoking-Associated Lung Cancer: A distinct Entity in Terms of Tumor Biology, Patient Characteristics and Impact of Hereditary Cancer Predisposition

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Smolle ◽  
Martin Pichler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Driver Genes ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Personalized Cancer Therapy ◽  
Personalized Cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in non-, and especially in never-smoking patients is considered a biologically unique type of lung cancer, since risk factors and tumorigenic conditions, other than tobacco smoke, come into play. In this review article, we comprehensively searched and summarized the current literature with the aim to outline what exactly triggers lung cancer in non-smokers. Changes in the tumor microenvironment, distinct driver genes and genetic pathway alterations that are specific for non-smoking patients, as well as lifestyle-related risk factors apart from tobacco smoke are critically discussed. The data we have reviewed highlights once again the importance of personalized cancer therapy, i.e., careful molecular and genetic assessment of the tumor to provide tailored treatment options with optimum chances of good response—especially for the subgroups of never-smokers.

scholarly journals Making the Most of Complexity to Create Opportunities: Comprehensive Genomic Profiling and Molecular Tumor Board for Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Caterina Fumagalli ◽  
Elena Guerini-Rocco ◽  
Massimo Barberis
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Tumor Board ◽  
Genomic Profiling ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling ◽  
Molecular Tumor Board ◽  
Personalized Cancer Therapy ◽  
Personalized Cancer

Personalized cancer therapy matches the plan of treatment with specific molecular alterations [...]

scholarly journals Advancing Personalized Cancer Medicine in Lung Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
pp. 1210-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. MacConaill
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
Genomic Technologies ◽  
Personalized Cancer Medicine ◽  
Cancer Medicine ◽  
Personalized Cancer Therapy ◽  
Personalized Cancer

Although improvements in genomic technologies during the past decade have greatly advanced our understanding of the genomic alterations that contribute to lung cancer, and the disease has (to a degree) become a paradigm for individualized cancer treatment in solid tumors, additional challenges must be addressed before the goal of personalized cancer therapy can become a reality for lung cancer patients.

scholarly journals Predictors of Treatment Requirements in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 4421
Author(s):  
Friederike Weschenfelder ◽  
Karolin Lohse ◽  
Thomas Lehmann ◽  
Ekkehard Schleußner ◽  
Tanja Groten
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Glucose Test ◽  
Bolus Insulin

The diagnosis of gestational diabetes is usually very stressful for pregnant women, especially because they fear that insulin treatment may become necessary. Knowledge about personal risk factors predicting the probability of insulin treatment could therefore help to improve acceptance of the diagnosis and therapy adherence. The aim of this study was to find potential risk factors for insulin dependency and treatment requirements using information available at the time of diagnosis of gestational diabetes during pregnancy. We included 454 singleton pregnancies diagnosed ≥24 weeks of gestation. Multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate independent associations of metabolic, anthropometric and fetal ultrasound parameters with the general need for insulin treatment and further stratified treatment options: diet (n = 275), bolus insulin only (n = 45), basal insulin only (n = 73) and multiple daily injections (n = 61). Receiver operator characteristics and cut-off values for independent variables were generated. Treatment groups differed significantly concerning pre-pregnancy weight and BMI as well as fasting glucose and 1 h glucose test values. Significant cut-offs for insulin dependency were HbA1c level of 5.4%, FPG of 5.5 mmol/L and 1 h glucose of 10.6 mmol/L. At time of diagnosis, certain patient characteristics and measurements can help to predict treatment necessities and therefore improve individualized counselling.

scholarly journals Sublobar resection for node-negative lung cancer 2–5 cm in size

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 858-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendon M Stiles ◽  
Jialin Mao ◽  
Sebron Harrison ◽  
Benjamin Lee ◽  
Jeffrey L Port ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Sublobar Resection ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Extensive Lymphadenectomy ◽  
Risk Patients

Abstract OBJECTIVES Sublobar resection (SLR) is an alternative to lobectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Outcomes following SLR for tumours >2 cm are not well described. We sought to determine the utilization of SLR for stage I tumours >2–5 cm in size and to determine predictors of outcome. METHODS We utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER)-Medicare database to identify NSCLC patients with primary lung cancer ≥66 years old with stage I cancers >2–5 cm in size. We evaluated overall survival and cancer-specific survival among cohorts undergoing lobectomy versus SLR. Propensity score matching was performed. We compared patient characteristics and survival between groups. RESULTS For the study time period (2007–2012), among patients with tumours >2 cm and ≤5 cm (n = 4582), 3890 lobectomies (85%) and 692 SLR (15%) were performed. Patients undergoing SLR were older, had smaller tumours and more comorbidities. Patients undergoing lobectomy were much more likely to have any lymph nodes removed (95.6% vs 65.6%, P < 0.001) and to have >10 nodes removed (29.6% vs 7.5%, P < 0.001). All-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.65, confidence interval (CI) 1.48–1.85] and cancer-specific (HR 1.63, CI 1.29–2.06) mortality were higher following SLR. At 3 years, overall survival (60.9%, CI 57.0–64.6% vs 54.4%, CI 50.4–58.2%) and cancer-specific survival (87.3%, CI 83.5–90.3% vs 76.5%, CI 71.0–81.1%) favoured lobectomy over SLR. In propensity-matched groups, both all-cause (HR 1.27, CI 1.10–1.47) and cancer-specific (HR 1.54, CI 1.11–2.16) mortality rates were higher with SLR. CONCLUSIONS In pathologically staged patients, SLR appears inferior to lobectomy for stage I NSCLC 2–5 cm in size. SLR is associated with less extensive lymphadenectomy and with worse survival than lobectomy in this cohort of patients. However, the 76.5% 3-year cancer-specific survival in patients undergoing SLR may exceed that of other localized treatment options for NSCLC. As such, SLR may be an appropriate option for high-risk patients with carefully staged 2–5 cm N0 tumours.

Surgery for Lung Cancer and the Consequences for the Swallow

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Pippa Hales ◽  
Corinne Mossey-Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vocal Cord Palsy ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Physiological Reserve ◽  
Palliative Phase ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Swallow Function

Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers across Northern America and Europe. Treatment options offered are dependent on the type of cancer, the location of the tumor, the staging, and the overall health of the person. When surgery for lung cancer is offered, difficulty swallowing is a potential complication that can have several influencing factors. Surgical interaction with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) can lead to unilateral vocal cord palsy, altering swallow function and safety. Understanding whether the RLN has been preserved, damaged, or sacrificed is integral to understanding the effect on the swallow and the subsequent treatment options available. There is also the risk of post-surgical reduction of physiological reserve, which can reduce the strength and function of the swallow in addition to any surgery specific complications. As lung cancer has a limited prognosis, the clinician must also factor in the palliative phase, as this can further increase the burden of an already compromised swallow. By understanding the surgery and the implications this may have for the swallow, there is the potential to reduce the impact of post-surgical complications and so improve quality of life (QOL) for people with lung cancer.

Early Mortality in Patients with Lung Cancer: Risk Factors for Death within 30 Days or 60 Days of Initial Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Tufman ◽  
S Schneiderbauer ◽  
D Kauffmann-Guerrero ◽  
F Manapov ◽  
C Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors
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