Co-Occurrence of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Second Primary Malignancy: Correlation with Expression Profiles of Mismatch Repair Protein and Cell Cycle Regulators

Some patients with thyroid cancer develop a second primary cancer. Defining the characteristics of patients with double primary cancers (DPCs) is crucial and needs to be followed. In this study, we examine molecular profiles in DPC. We enrolled 71 patients who received thyroid cancer surgery, 26 with single thyroid cancer (STC), and 45 with DPC. A retrograde cohort was used to develop immunohistochemical expressions of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins and cell-cycle-related markers from tissue microarrays to produce an equation for predicting the occurrence of DPC. The multivariate logistic model of 67 randomly selected patients (24 with STC and 43 with DPC) identified that the expression of deficient MMR (dMMR) (odds ratio (OR), 10.34; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.17–49.21) and pRb (OR, 62.71; 95% CI, 4.83–814.22) were significantly associated with a higher risk of DPC. In contrast, the expression of CDK4 (OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.04–0.99) and CDK6 (OR, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.002–0.44) was significantly associated with a lower risk of DPC. Collectively, dMMR, pRb, CDK4, and CDK6 have a sensitivity of 88.9% (95% CI, 75.1–95.8) and a specificity of 69.2% (95% CI, 48.1–84.9) for occurrence of DPC in all 71 patients. This is the first report to demonstrate the molecular differentiation of STC and DPC. Overall, the integral molecular profile performed excellent discrimination and denoted an exponential function to predict the probability of DPC.

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Occurrence of second primary malignancy in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) patients

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.67.o2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

George Simeakis ◽

Katerina Saltiki ◽

Evangelia Zapanti ◽

Evanthia Kassis ◽

Maria Alevizaki

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Medullary Thyroid Cancer ◽

Second Primary ◽

Second Primary Malignancy ◽

Primary Malignancy ◽

Medullary Thyroid

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Nulliparity enhances the risk of second primary malignancy of the breast in a cohort of women treated for thyroid cancer

World Journal of Surgical Oncology ◽

10.1186/1477-7819-9-88 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Fabrizio Consorti ◽

Gianluca Di Tanna ◽

Francesca Milazzo ◽

Alfredo Antonaci

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Second Primary ◽

Second Primary Malignancy ◽

Primary Malignancy

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Second Primary Malignancy Risk After Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Thyroid ◽

10.1089/thy.2008.0392 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 451-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 200

Author(s):

Anna M. Sawka ◽

Lehana Thabane ◽

Luciana Parlea ◽

Irada Ibrahim-Zada ◽

Richard W. Tsang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Radioactive Iodine ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Second Primary ◽

Second Primary Malignancy ◽

Primary Malignancy ◽

Malignancy Risk ◽

Iodine Treatment

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The risk of second primary cancers in clear cell and papillary renal cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.446 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (7_suppl) ◽

pp. 446-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Saad Hamid ◽

Raji Shameem ◽

Rishi Jain ◽

Kevin M. Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Solid Tumors ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Latency Period ◽

Initial Diagnosis ◽

Second Primary ◽

Second Primary Malignancy ◽

Primary Malignancy ◽

Second Primary Cancers ◽

Increased Risk

446 Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) survivors have an increased risk of developing second primary cancers. We sought to determine the role of RCC tumor histology for the risk of developing second primary solid tumors. Methods: The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was used to detect RCC cases diagnosed up to 12/31/2011. The Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR) was calculated as the ratio of observed to expected cases of second primary malignancy based on incidence data in the general United States population. The two most common RCC histological subtypes were included; clear cell and papillary. The latency exclusion period from the date of diagnosis was 60 months. We investigated for the effect of latency period after initial diagnosis (5-10 years and >10 years) that may increase the risk for a second primary cancer. Results: A total of 2,669 patients with an initial diagnosis of RCC (clear cell: 2,368, papillary: 301) that developed second primary cancers were included in our analysis. There was a significantly increased risk of thyroid cancer (SIR: 2.30, p<0.05), prostate cancer (SIR: 1.12, p<0.05) and “all solid tumors” (SIR: 1.14, p<0.05) in clear cell RCC cases. Regarding latency period, thyroid cancer (SIR: 2.87, p<0.05) risk was increased in the 5-10 years latency period, but not in the >10 years latency period. Overall, in patients diagnosed with papillary RCC, tumors of the prostate (SIR: 1.30, p<0.05), lung (SIR: 1.78, p<0.05) and pancreas (SIR: 2.70, p<0.05) were increased. Exclusively in the 5-10 years latency period, the risk for developing lung cancer (SIR: 1.90, p<0.05) was significant. Conclusions: RCC histology may impact the risk for developing specific second primary solid tumors.

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Thyroid carcinoma associated with other primary neoplasms, a single center study

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/mpr-2346 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Katalin Gabora ◽

Ovidiu Bălăcescu ◽

Adrian Trifa ◽

Ana Maria Morariu ◽

Bogdan Pop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Braf V600e Mutation ◽

Braf V600e ◽

Second Primary ◽

Time Interval ◽

Second Primary Malignancy ◽

Primary Malignancy ◽

Primary Neoplasms

Background and aims. Thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent endocrine malignancy. It develops following a complex interaction of environmental and genetic factors. Its incidence is on the rise mostly due to the frequent diagnosis of microcarcinomas (tumor<1 cm ). In most cases, it has very good prognosis and survival rates. The incidence of a second primary malignancy in thyroid cancer patients is higher than in the general population. In this article, we focus on the role of BRAF V600E mutation in the development of other primary neoplasms associated with thyroid carcinoma. Methods. This study was conducted in the department of Nuclear Medicine and Genetics of the "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță” Institute of Oncology of Cluj-Napoca. We evaluated patients with thyroid carcinoma, who were diagnosed and treated for other malignancies such as breast, colorectal, lung cancer and malignant melanoma. In addition, we tested for the BRAF V600E mutation using paraffin samples of patients. Results. We identified 17 patients that had thyroid carcinoma associated with other primary malignancies. Two of the patients included in the study had three associated primary cancers. The time interval between the diagnoses of two primary neoplasms in the same patient was 6.15 years, with a standard deviation (SD) of 5.39 years. The most common primary tumor associated with thyroid carcinoma in this study was breast cancer. We applied genetic testing for the BRAF V600E mutation in 12 patients. The BRAF V600E mutation positivity rate was 26.9% and most of the cancer associations were metachronous (occurring at least 6 months after thyroid cancer). Conclusions. The BRAF V600E mutation is an important prognostic factor in the neoplasms included in this study, but its presence is not a predictive factor for the appearance of a metachronous or synchronous associated primary neoplasm to thyroid cancer.

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The risk of second primary malignancy is increased in differentiated thyroid cancer patients with a cumulative131I dose over 37 GBq

Clinical Endocrinology ◽

10.1111/cen.12581 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 117-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ah Reum Khang ◽

Sun Wook Cho ◽

Hoon Sung Choi ◽

Hwa Young Ahn ◽

Won Sang Yoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽

Second Primary ◽

Second Primary Malignancy ◽

Primary Malignancy

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Incidence of Second Malignancy in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 13 Dataset

Journal of Thyroid Research ◽

10.1155/2018/8765369 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mayumi Endo ◽

Jessica B. Liu ◽

Marcelle Dougan ◽

Jennifer S. Lee

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Second Primary ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Second Primary Malignancy ◽

Primary Malignancy ◽

Increased Risk ◽

End Results

Increased risk of second primary malignancy (SPM) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has been reported. Here, we present the most updated incidence rates of second primary malignancy from original diagnosis of PTC by using the data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results. In this cohort, 3,200 patients developed SPM, a substantially higher number than in the reference population of 2,749 with observed to expected ratio (O/E) of 1.16 (95% CI; 1.12–1.21). Bone and joint cancer had the highest O/E ratio of 4.26 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.33–7.15) followed by salivary gland (O/E 4.15; 95% CI 2.76–6.0) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (O/E 3.98; 95% CI 2.12–6.8). Mean age at the diagnosis of SPM was 64.4 years old. Interestingly, incidence of colorectal cancer was lower in thyroid cancer survivors compared to general population (large intestine O/E 0.3; 95% CI 0.06–0.88, rectum O/E 0.6; 95% CI 0.41–0.85); however, this was not observed in patients who underwent radiation therapy. The incidence of SPM at all sites was higher during 2000–2012 compared to 1992–1999 (O/E 1.24 versus 1.10). Surprisingly, patients with micropapillary cancer had higher incidence of SPM than counterparts with a larger tumor in radiation group (O/E of 1.40 versus 1.15). O/E of all cancers were higher in males compared to females with O/E of 1.41 versus 1.17 during the period of 2000–2012. Diagnosis of PTC before age 50, especially at age 30–34, was associated with higher incidence of overall SPM (age 30–34; O/E 1.43; 95% CI; 1.19–1.71). Efficient monitoring strategies that include age at the time of thyroid cancer diagnosis, exposure to radiation, gender, and genetic susceptibility may successfully detect SPM earlier in the disease course. This is especially important given the excellent prognosis of the initial thyroid cancer itself.

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