scholarly journals Ni-Based Complexes in Selective Ethylene Oligomerization Processes

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Giyjaz E. Bekmukhamedov ◽  
Aleksandr V. Sukhov ◽  
Aidar M. Kuchkaev ◽  
Dmitry G. Yakhvarov
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Ethylene Oligomerization ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The World ◽  
World Demand ◽  
Alpha Olefins

Linear alpha-olefins are widely used in the petrochemical industry and the world demand for these compounds increases annually. At present, the main method for producing linear alpha-olefins is the homogeneous catalytic ethylene oligomerization. This review presents modern nickel catalysts for this process, mainly systems for obtaining of one of the most demanded oligomer—1-butene—which is used for the production of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE). The dependence of the catalytic performance on the composition and the structure of the used activated complexes, the electronic and coordination states of the nickel center was considered.

scholarly journals Investments in Braskem Green Polymers: Extraordinary Profits or Decarbonization of the Environment?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Leal Ferreira Hellvig ◽  
Thais H. S Flores-Sahagun
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Carbon Credits ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
The World ◽  
Average Share ◽  
Green Polymers ◽  
The Right

Braskem is the only company in the world that produces green polyethylenes (HDPE – high density polyethylene and LLDPE – linear low density polyethylene) derived from the dehydration of sugarcane ethanol. Although the performance of green and fossil nominally same polyethylenes are equivalent, commercial clients may use blends of up to 51% of green polyethylenes and 49% of fossil polyethylenes and still have the right to use the I’m greenTM label which appeals to environmental conscious consumers and places these companies in a noticeable position. The Annual Income Statement - AISs from 2010, when Braskem started production of green PE, until 2018, show there was growth of revenues. Despite of the production of polyethylenes have continued stable and the number of green polyethylenes patents have decreased since 2014, the profits with the BRKM5 stocks increased. There is no transparency of how carbon credits were gained and in the AIS. Investments in securities in the Brazilian financial market (BRKM5 and carbon credits) are much more attractive than the investment in new patents, because they generate greater gains (268% increase in the average share price of BRKM5 from 2012 to 2018) and do not require large investments in R&D.

The place of the plant world in the worldview system of transoxiana sufism in 16th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Extra-A) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Lutfullo Eshonovich Ismoilov ◽  
Ramil Tagirovich Yuzmukhametov ◽  
Markhabo Tukhtasunovna Rajabova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
The World ◽  
Lives Of The Saints

The article considers the topic of the Plant World in the Sufi writings of the 16th century Transoxiana, based on the material of manakibs, i. e. the so-called Lives of the Saints. The significance and relevance of the topic is due to the need to study the issues of semantic interpretation of the concept of plant and plant world in Sufi writings. Hence, the purpose of this article is to disclose the diverse meanings of the concept of the “World of Plants” contained in the 16th-century Transoxiana manakibs of such authors as Abdurakhman Jami, Abu-l Baka b. Khodzha Bakha-ud-din, Khusein Serakhsi. The main method in the study of this issue is the historical and comparative method, and the method of literary analysis, which allows you to create a holistic understanding of the symbolism of the Plant World in Sufi writings of Transoxiana of the 16th century.      

Synthesis, characterization, and ethylene oligomerization of three novel dendritic nickel catalysts

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Li-Li Ma ◽  
Lei Song ◽  
Si-Han Wang ◽  
Hong-Liang Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Ethylene Oligomerization

Catalytic performance of manganese-promoted nickel catalysts for the steam reforming of tar from biomass pyrolysis to synthesis gas

Fuel ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Koike ◽  
Chiaki Ishikawa ◽  
Dalin Li ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yoshinao Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis

scholarly journals SIL Implementation on Safety Functions in Mass Transit System

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-270
Author(s):  
James Li
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transit ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Safety Integrity Level ◽  
Iec 61508 ◽  
Safety Function ◽  
Defense Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
World Demand ◽  
En 50129

The concept of Safety Integrity Level (SIL) has been developed within different systems of standards (IEC 61508, EN50129 and DEF-STAN 00-56). These standards are applied in different areas: control technology (IEC 61508), railway technology (EN50128 and EN 50129), and defense technology (DEF-STAN-00-56). Nowadays, a lot of the mass transit turnkey projects around the world demand the contractors to follow CENELEC standards and SIL concept for the safety function implementation. Although the concept of SIL is mentioned in these standards, the interpretation of the concept of SIL in these standards is not consistent and unequivocal. This paper is written to elaborate the anomalies of SIL interpretation among these various standards in order for safety engineers to obtain a more detailed view on the concept of SIL over these standards.

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