A Compiler and Language Support for Designing Mixed-Criticality Applications

Coexistence of software components and functions of different criticality in a single computing platform has challenged the safety community for the past two decades. Despite efforts that have been made so far, dealing with mixed-criticality has still left some room for improvements. One particular concern here is that partitioning of hardware and software resources with regard to criticality (safety related, non-safety related) has direct implications on how safety measures need to be realised. For example, a self-test that must meet certain diagnostic coverage for the microcontroller core by inspecting its instructions, needs to cover only those instructions which are able to affect a safety function. Available software mechanisms and tools are to a certain extent still unable to deal with such a fine-grained selection of resources. In this work, we introduce a compiler extension and language support which enable accurate selection of data based on their criticality. The compiler extension serves to establish detailed traceability between the software code and its representation in runtime memory. With the language support, the individual data elements can be classified based on the desired safety integrity level. As a result, safety measures that operate on data (e.g. Abraham test for SRAM can achieve better coverage. The method has been evaluated and applied to industrial safety controllers. We provide here relevant performance figures and discuss possible applications of the method in other fields.

Research on Electric and I&C Equipment Safety Function Classification of Nuclear Power Plant

Classification of System, Component and Structure (SSC) is the base as well as high level demand of nuclear power plant. Equipment classification including electric and Instrument and Control (I&C) equipment is the precondition of correct design regulation and standard. Safety function classification is key pass of electric and I&C equipment classification. This paper researches the method of nuclear power plant electric and I&C equipment safety function classification. Firstly from view of function, it explains the importance of function classification. Then function analysis and classification of equipment is implemented by design order. Lastly from view of accident analysis, function classification is validated, and a complete approach of function classification is formed. The purpose of this paper is the NPP electric and I&C equipment safety function classification as an example, to study and summarize the method of the electric and I&C equipment safety function classification, and to provide the basis for specific items design work according to design requirements. At the same time, a practical method is provided for other similar NPP electric and I&C equipment classification work. The electric and I&C equipment function classification of nuclear power plant satisfy the basic principles requirement of relative nuclear power rules and codes. It provides an important basis of equipment classification for next nuclear power plants.

Inservice Inspection of Extended Dry Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel, Part II: NDE/Sensor Technology Development and Codification

This paper describes development and demonstration of nondestructive examination (NDE) technologies to support periodic examinations of interim dry storage system (DSS) canisters for spent nuclear fuel in the USA to verify continued safe operation and that the canister confinement is intact and performing its intended safety function. Specifically, this work relates to NDE technology development for “canister” based DSS systems, which form the majority population of DSSs in the USA for interim storage of spent nuclear fuel. Consideration of potential degradation of the welded stainless-steel canister in these systems is required for continued usage in the period of extended operation (PEO) beyond the initial license or certified term. Physical access to the canister surface is constrained due to narrow annulus spaces between the canister and the overpack, tortuous entry pathways, and high temperatures and radiation doses that can be damaging to materials and electronics related to inspections. Several activities to demonstrate NDE technologies for the inspections of different DSS systems are summarized.

An Indoor Vehicle-in-the-Loop Simulation Platform Testing Method for Autonomous Emergency Braking

Autonomous vehicle (AV) is expected to be the ultimate solution for traffic safety, while autonomous emergency braking (AEB), as a crucial and fundamental active safety function of AV, has excellent potential for reducing fatalities and improving road safety. Although AV has the ability to cope with harsh conditions, it is supposed to be tested fully, systematically, and rigorously before it is officially commercialized. This study developed a novel indoor AV-in-the-loop (AVIL) simulation platform based on Client-Server (C/S) architecture for real full-scale AV testing. The proposed AVIL simulation platform consists of three parts: physical hardware components, software components, and various electrical interfaces that ensure the bidirectional virtual reality (VR) interaction. To validate the functionality and performance of the platform, this paper then adopted the Udwadia–Kalaba (U-K) approach to build the AEB system based on a typical driving situation due to the explicitness and simplicity of the U-K approach. Further, a group of real road-based experiments and AVIL-based experiments were conducted. The experimental results showed that the testing data obtained from the proposed AVIL platform have a high similarity to those of the real road tests, which means that the proposed AVIL platform is capable of simulating the AV running condition when it performs linear emergency braking on the road, thus confirming the feasibility and effectiveness of the AVIL platform for AV AEB testing. Simultaneously, the testing time and repeatability of the latter performed better. The findings of this study provide a new safe, effective, and fast solution to AV testing, and the practicability of this method has been verified.

Fasilitas Bermain Jungkat Jungkit Untuk SLB Untung Tuah Samarinda

Special School is an educational institute who help special needs children to study with special education provided for them. There is one of Special School located in Samarinda City named Untung Tuah Special School. Just like children in general, special needs children in Special Schools need to play too, that is why there are playground in Special Schools in order for children to not feel depressed during their study. But unfortunately, normal playground facility does not have special safety function for special needs children so some them are not able to use the playground equipments. Seesaw train to cooperate, communicate, social interact, and vestibular system or balance so it is suitable for children to train their feet, hand, etc. The purpose of this design is to create seesaw facility that can help children with special needs, especially intellectual disability and physical disability children, so they can play safely dan comfortable with their friends. The design processs used Vinod Goel’s method that covers formulation of the problem, literature review, data analysis, design analysis, alternative design development, and design final result that are technique drawing, 3D Modeling, prototype, and poster. This design produce a playground equipment as seesaw for special needs children especially intellectual disability and physical disability children. This seesaw is expected to be a safe playground equipment and facilitate special needs children to play freely.