scholarly journals Oxidation of Organic Compounds with Peroxides Catalyzed by Polynuclear Metal Compounds

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Georgiy B. Shul’pin ◽  
Lidia S. Shul’pina
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Polynuclear Complexes ◽  
Simple Metal ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Mononuclear Complexes ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Linear Alkanes ◽  
Oxidation Of Organic Compounds ◽  
Nickel Manganese

The review describes articles that provide data on the synthesis and study of the properties of catalysts for the oxidation of alkanes, olefins, and alcohols. These catalysts are polynuclear complexes of iron, copper, osmium, nickel, manganese, cobalt, vanadium. Such complexes for example are: [Fe2(HPTB)(m-OH)(NO3)2](NO3)2·CH3OH·2H2O, where HPTB-¼N,N,N0,N0-tetrakis(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)-2-hydroxo-1,3-diaminopropane; complex [(PhSiO1,5)6]2[CuO]4[NaO0.5]4[dppmO2]2, where dppm-1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane; (2,3-η-1,4-diphenylbut-2-en-1,4-dione)undecacarbonyl triangulotriosmium; phenylsilsesquioxane [(PhSiO1.5)10(CoO)5(NaOH)]; bi- and tri-nuclear oxidovanadium(V) complexes [{VO(OEt)(EtOH)}2(L2)] and [{VO(OMe)(H2O)}3(L3)]·2H2O (L2 = bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)terephthalohydrazide and L3 = tris(2-hydroxybenzylidene)benzene-1,3,5-tricarbohydrazide); [Mn2L2O3][PF6]2 (L = 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane). For comparison, articles are introduced describing catalysts for the oxidation of alkanes and alcohols with peroxides, which are simple metal salts or mononuclear metal complexes. In many cases, polynuclear complexes exhibit higher activity compared to mononuclear complexes and exhibit increased regioselectivity, for example, in the oxidation of linear alkanes. The review contains a description of some of the mechanisms of catalytic reactions. Additionally presented are articles comparing the rates of oxidation of solvents and substrates under oxidizing conditions for various catalyst structures, which allows researchers to conclude about the nature of the oxidizing species. This review is focused on recent works, as well as review articles and own original studies of the authors.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ARTHROSPIRA SP. GROWTH ABILITY ON HEAVY METAL SALTS AND THEIR EFFECT ON SOME CELLULAR COMPONENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 667-677
Author(s):  
Hiba Khaleel Saeed AL-SHAKARCHI ◽  
Yousef Jabbar AL-SHAHERY
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Nickel Cadmium

rthrospira sp. is an aquatic and photosynthetic microorganism that is extensively employed as a food supplement due to its rich contents of nutrients, proteins, and carbohydrates. In this study, a local strain of cyanobacterium of the genus Arthrospira was isolated from the Iraqi soil, in the region of Mosul city, using the Chu’s Medium No. 10. The growth rate, as well as the effects on biomass and cellular component contents of proteins, carbohydrates, and chlorophyll of this strain, were evaluated on the molasses medium alone or supplemented with iron, copper, nickel, cadmium and cobalt salts after fifteen days of incubation. The results showed that the best growth rate (1.09 OD), the highest value of biomass (120.0 mg/l), proteins content (297.2 mg/l), chlorophyll content (14.9 mg/l) and carbohydrates content (400.0 mg/l) of Arthrospira sp. was achieved after fifteen days of incubation. Generally, it was observed that adding iron, copper, nickel, cadmium, and cobalt salts into the molasses medium increased the contents of biomass, proteins, and carbohydrates of Arthrospira sp.. It was noticed that the highest biomass concentration (1960 mg/l) was obtained when Arthrospira sp. grown on molasses medium supplemented with nickel. Also, none of the metal salts added to the molasses medium increased the protein content of Arthrospira sp.. Conversely, adding copper, nickel, and cobalt to the medium showed an adverse effect on the protein content. It was shown that adding iron metal salts into the molasses medium increased the carbohydrates and the chlorophyll contents of Arthrospira sp.. These results suggest that Arthrospira sp. can be utilized for the bioremediation of heavy metals pollution in the environment and industrial sites.

Alternatives to free molecular halogens as chemoselective reactants: Catalysis of organic reactions with reusable complexes of halogen metal salts

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura I. Rossi ◽  
Manuel I. Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Metallic Salts ◽  
Oxidation Of Organic Compounds ◽  
Reaction Media

Organometallic complexes of halogen metallic salts have been used as catalysts in different organic reactions, mainly the oxidation of organic compounds. Their use has not only allowed the reduction of the amounts of catalyst (since they can be reused) but also a lower generation of byproducts and wastes. The different reaction media developed through the research were analyzed by several green parameters, and the best results were obtained with complexes that have cyclodextrins as organic ligands. The proposed methodology is an alternative to use of molecular halogen as oxidant or catalyst when halogens are significant chemoselective reactants.

scholarly journals Fast track to nanomaterials: microwave assisted synthesis in ionic liquid media

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (27) ◽  
pp. 14149-14156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Kessler ◽  
Maria K. Hentschel ◽  
Christina Heinrichs ◽  
Stefan Roitsch ◽  
Martin H. G. Prechtl
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Fast Track ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Simple Metal ◽  
Microwave Assisted

Herein we present a general approach to metal and metal oxide nanoparticles using simple metal salts as starting materials.

Curcumin - Properties, Applications and Modification of Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 486-495
Author(s):  
Barbara Roman ◽  
Monika Retajczyk ◽  
Łukasz Sałaciński ◽  
Robert Pełech
Keyword(s):  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Vanadium Iron ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Orange Color

In recent years, the interest in biologically active compounds of natural origin has increased significantly. Researchers' research focuses on increasing the activity of curcumin by forming complexes with metals such as vanadium, iron, copper or gallium. Introduction of metal compounds to curcumin increases the scope of application in pharmacology. The main direction of research development is the treatment of tumors, among others stomach cancer or leukemia. Curcuminoids are the main components of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), a plant from India and South-East Asia. Due to its intense yellow-orange color and pleasant aroma, the powdered rootstalk is widely used in the food industry, as natural dye and spice. The chemical compound responsible for the characteristic color of rhizomes of curcuma is 1,6-heptadien-3,5-dione-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) - (1E, 6E) called curcumin. This work aims to characterize curcumin in terms of its structure, therapeutic properties and also as a substrate for the synthesis of valuable derivatives like tetrahydrocurcumin. Knowledge about this relationship based on literature analysis will enable a better understanding of the factors responsible for its biological activity.

Modification of Ionomer Cements by the Addition of Simple Metal Salts

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Crisp ◽  
Shella A. Merson ◽  
Alan D. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Metal Salts ◽  
Simple Metal
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