scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Mitigation of the Catalyst Deactivation of CO2 Hydrogenation to Light Olefins

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1447
Author(s):  
Daniel Weber ◽  
Tina He ◽  
Matthew Wong ◽  
Christian Moon ◽  
Axel Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Co2 Hydrogenation ◽  
Light Olefins ◽  
Catalyst Stability ◽  
Composite Catalyst ◽  
Polymers And Plastics ◽  
Catalyst Development

The catalytic conversion of CO2 to value-added chemicals and fuels has been long regarded as a promising approach to the mitigation of CO2 emissions if green hydrogen is used. Light olefins, particularly ethylene and propylene, as building blocks for polymers and plastics, are currently produced primarily from CO2-generating fossil resources. The identification of highly efficient catalysts with selective pathways for light olefin production from CO2 is a high-reward goal, but it has serious technical challenges, such as low selectivity and catalyst deactivation. In this review, we first provide a brief summary of the two dominant reaction pathways (CO2-Fischer-Tropsch and MeOH-mediated pathways), mechanistic insights, and catalytic materials for CO2 hydrogenation to light olefins. Then, we list the main deactivation mechanisms caused by carbon deposition, water formation, phase transformation and metal sintering/agglomeration. Finally, we detail the recent progress on catalyst development for enhanced olefin yields and catalyst stability by the following catalyst functionalities: (1) the promoter effect, (2) the support effect, (3) the bifunctional composite catalyst effect, and (4) the structure effect. The main focus of this review is to provide a useful resource for researchers to correlate catalyst deactivation and the recent research effort on catalyst development for enhanced olefin yields and catalyst stability.

CO2 Hydrogenation to Light Olefins Over In2O3/SAPO-34 and Fe-Co/K-Al2O3 Composite Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanapha Numpilai ◽  
Supitchaya Kahadit ◽  
Thongthai Witoon ◽  
Bamidele Victor Ayodele ◽  
Chin Kui Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Hydrogenation ◽  
Light Olefins ◽  
Composite Catalyst ◽  
Al2o3 Composite

scholarly journals Evaluation of CO2 Hydrogenation in a Modular Fixed-Bed Reactor Prototype

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 970
Author(s):  
Heather D. Willauer ◽  
Matthew J. Bradley ◽  
Jeffrey W. Baldwin ◽  
Joseph J. Hartvigsen ◽  
Lyman Frost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Co2 Hydrogenation ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Naval Research ◽  
Catalyst Characterization ◽  
Hydrogenation Catalysts ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iron Based

Low-cost iron-based CO2 hydrogenation catalysts have shown promise as a viable route to the production of value-added hydrocarbon building blocks. It is envisioned that these hydrocarbons will be used to augment industrial chemical processes and produce drop-in replacement operational fuel. To this end, the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has been designing, testing, modeling, and evaluating CO2 hydrogenation catalysts in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed environment. To transition from the laboratory to a commercial process, the catalyst viability and performance must be evaluated at scale. The performance of a Macrolite®-supported iron-based catalyst in a commercial-scale fixed-bed modular reactor prototype was evaluated under different reactor feed rates and product recycling conditions. CO2 conversion increased from 26% to as high as 69% by recycling a portion of the product stream and CO selectivity was greatly reduced from 45% to 9% in favor of hydrocarbon production. In addition, the catalyst was successfully regenerated for optimum performance. Catalyst characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), along with modeling and kinetic analysis, highlighted the potential challenges and benefits associated with scaling-up catalyst materials and processes for industrial implementation.

scholarly journals Modular Synthesis of Functionalized Butenolides by Oxidative Furan Fragmentation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajing Bao ◽  
Hailong Tian ◽  
Peicheng Yang ◽  
Jiachen Deng ◽  
Jinghan Gui
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Modular Synthesis ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions ◽  
Radical Trapping ◽  
Radical Fragmentation

The development of new chemical transformations to simplify the synthesis of valuable building blocks is a challenging task in organic chemistry and has been the focus of considerable research effort. From a synthetic perspective, it would be ideal if the natural reactivities of feedstock chemicals could be diverted to the production of high value-added compounds which are otherwise tedious to prepare. Here we report a chemical transformation that enables facile and modular synthesis of synthetically challenging yet biologically important functionalized butenolides from easily accessible furans. Specifically, Diels–Alder reactions between furans and singlet oxygen generate versatile hydroperoxide intermediates, which undergo iron(II)-mediated radical fragmentation in the presence of Cu(OAc)<sub>2</sub> or various radical trapping reagents to afford butenolides bearing a wide variety of appended remote functional groups, including olefins, halides, azides and aldehydes. The practical utility of this transformation is demonstrated by easy diversification of the products by means of cross-coupling reactions and, most importantly, by its ability to simplify the syntheses of known building blocks of eight biologically active natural products.

scholarly journals Modular Synthesis of Functionalized Butenolides by Oxidative Furan Fragmentation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajing Bao ◽  
Hailong Tian ◽  
Peicheng Yang ◽  
Jiachen Deng ◽  
Jinghan Gui
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Modular Synthesis ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions ◽  
Radical Trapping ◽  
Radical Fragmentation

The development of new chemical transformations to simplify the synthesis of valuable building blocks is a challenging task in organic chemistry and has been the focus of considerable research effort. From a synthetic perspective, it would be ideal if the natural reactivities of feedstock chemicals could be diverted to the production of high value-added compounds which are otherwise tedious to prepare. Here we report a chemical transformation that enables facile and modular synthesis of synthetically challenging yet biologically important functionalized butenolides from easily accessible furans. Specifically, Diels–Alder reactions between furans and singlet oxygen generate versatile hydroperoxide intermediates, which undergo iron(II)-mediated radical fragmentation in the presence of Cu(OAc)<sub>2</sub> or various radical trapping reagents to afford butenolides bearing a wide variety of appended remote functional groups, including olefins, halides, azides and aldehydes. The practical utility of this transformation is demonstrated by easy diversification of the products by means of cross-coupling reactions and, most importantly, by its ability to simplify the syntheses of known building blocks of eight biologically active natural products.

Optimization of synthesis condition for CO2 hydrogenation to light olefins over In2O3 admixed with SAPO-34

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 511-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanapa Numpilai ◽  
Chularat Wattanakit ◽  
Metta Chareonpanich ◽  
Jumras Limtrakul ◽  
Thongthai Witoon
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Hydrogenation ◽  
Synthesis Condition ◽  
Light Olefins

CO2 hydrogenation to light olefins with high-performance Fe0.30Co0.15Zr0.45K0.10O1.63

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 ◽  
pp. 224-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Ding ◽  
Liang Huang ◽  
Weibo Gong ◽  
Maohong Fan ◽  
Qin Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Co2 Hydrogenation ◽  
Light Olefins

Pore size effects on physicochemical properties of Fe-Co/K-Al2O3 catalysts and their catalytic activity in CO2 hydrogenation to light olefins

2019 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 581-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanapha Numpilai ◽  
Narong Chanlek ◽  
Yingyot Poo-Arporn ◽  
Suttipong Wannapaiboon ◽  
Chin Kui Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Co2 Hydrogenation ◽  
Light Olefins

Comparison and assessment of zeolite catalysts performance dimethyl ether and light olefins production through methanol: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Kianfar
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Light Olefins ◽  
Light Olefin ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Olefin Production

AbstractThe present review focuses on a comparison and assessment of zeolite catalyst performance of dimethyl ether and light olefin production through methanol. Dimethyl ether is a clean fuel which needs diverse processes to be produced. Methanol to dimethyl ether is a very novel process which offers considerable advantages versus additional processes for the production of dimethyl ether. The corresponding fixed-bed reactors compose the most important section of such a process. Production of dimethyl ether by the mentioned process is of high importance since it can be catalytically transferred to a substance with the value of propylene. Furthermore, in case of capability to transfer low-purity methanol into dimethyl ether, less expensive methanol can be consequently achieved with higher value added. In the petrochemical industry, light olefins, for example, ethylene and propylene, can be used as raw materials for the production of polyolefin. The present review aims to produce dimethyl ether in order to reach olefin substances, initially conducting a compressive assessment on production methods of olefin substances.

scholarly journals Thermophilic Degradation of Hemicellulose, a Critical Feedstock in the Production of Bioenergy and Other Value-Added Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Cann ◽  
Gabriel V. Pereira ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Hamid ◽  
Heejin Kim ◽  
Daniel Wefers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Renewable Fuels ◽  
Microbial Enzymes

ABSTRACT Renewable fuels have gained importance as the world moves toward diversifying its energy portfolio. A critical step in the biomass-to-bioenergy initiative is deconstruction of plant cell wall polysaccharides to their unit sugars for subsequent fermentation to fuels. To acquire carbon and energy for their metabolic processes, diverse microorganisms have evolved genes encoding enzymes that depolymerize polysaccharides to their carbon/energy-rich building blocks. The microbial enzymes mostly target the energy present in cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin, three major forms of energy storage in plants. In the effort to develop bioenergy as an alternative to fossil fuel, a common strategy is to harness microbial enzymes to hydrolyze cellulose to glucose for fermentation to fuels. However, the conversion of plant biomass to renewable fuels will require both cellulose and hemicellulose, the two largest components of the plant cell wall, as feedstock to improve economic feasibility. Here, we explore the enzymes and strategies evolved by two well-studied bacteria to depolymerize the hemicelluloses xylan/arabinoxylan and mannan. The sets of enzymes, in addition to their applications in biofuels and value-added chemical production, have utility in animal feed enzymes, a rapidly developing industry with potential to minimize adverse impacts of animal agriculture on the environment.

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