scholarly journals Prenatal Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Novel MicroRNA-mRNA Networks Associated with Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Pigs

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1007
Author(s):  
Asghar Ali ◽  
Eduard Murani ◽  
Frieder Hadlich ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Klaus Wimmers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) occurs in 15–20% of pig neonates and poses huge economic losses to the pig industry. IUGR piglets have reduced skeletal muscle growth, which may persist after birth. Prenatal muscle growth is regulated by complex molecular pathways that are not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as the main regulators of vital pathways and biological processes in the body. This study was designed to identify miRNA–mRNA networks regulating prenatal skeletal muscle development in pigs. We performed an integrative miRNA–mRNA transcriptomic analysis in longissimus dorsi muscle from IUGR fetuses and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses at 63 days post conception. Our data showed that 47 miRNAs and 3257 mRNAs were significantly upregulated, and six miRNAs and 477 mRNAs were significantly downregulated in IUGR compared to AGA fetuses. Moreover, 47 upregulated miRNAs were negatively correlated and can potentially target 326 downregulated genes, whereas six downregulated miRNAs were negatively correlated and can potentially target 1291 upregulated genes. These miRNA–mRNA networks showed enrichment in biological processes and pathways critical for fetal growth, development, and metabolism. The miRNA–mRNA networks identified in this study can potentially serve as indicators of prenatal fetal growth and development as well as postnatal carcass quality.

scholarly journals In Utero Fetal Weight in Pigs Is Regulated by microRNAs and Their Target Genes

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Asghar Ali ◽  
Eduard Murani ◽  
Frieder Hadlich ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Klaus Wimmers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle

Impaired skeletal muscle growth in utero can result in reduced birth weight and poor carcass quality in pigs. Recently, we showed the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes in prenatal skeletal muscle development and pathogenesis of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). In this study, we performed an integrative miRNA-mRNA transcriptomic analysis in longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) of pig fetuses at 63 days post conception (dpc) to identify miRNAs and genes correlated to fetal weight. We found 13 miRNAs in LDM significantly correlated to fetal weight, including miR-140, miR-186, miR-101, miR-15, miR-24, miR-29, miR-449, miR-27, miR-142, miR-99, miR-181, miR-199, and miR-210. The expression of these miRNAs decreased with an increase in fetal weight. We also identified 1315 genes significantly correlated to fetal weight at 63 dpc, of which 135 genes were negatively correlated as well as identified as potential targets of the above-listed 13 miRNAs. These miRNAs and their target genes enriched pathways and biological processes important for fetal growth, development, and metabolism. These results indicate that the transcriptomic profile of skeletal muscle can be used to predict fetal weight, and miRNAs correlated to fetal weight can serve as potential biomarkers of prenatal fetal health and growth.

scholarly journals Maternal inflammation at midgestation impairs subsequent fetal myoblast function and skeletal muscle growth in rats, resulting in intrauterine growth restriction at term1

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 867-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin N Cadaret ◽  
Robert J Posont ◽  
Kristin A Beede ◽  
Hannah E Riley ◽  
John Dustin Loy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Protein Catabolism ◽  
Fetal Blood ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Maternal Inflammation

Abstract Maternal inflammation induces intrauterine growth restriction (MI-IUGR) of the fetus, which compromises metabolic health in human offspring and reduces value in livestock. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of maternal inflammation at midgestation on fetal skeletal muscle growth and myoblast profiles at term. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected daily with bacterial endotoxin (MI-IUGR) or saline (controls) from the 9th to the 11th day of gestational age (dGA; term = 21 dGA). At necropsy on dGA 20, average fetal mass and upper hindlimb cross-sectional areas were reduced (P < 0.05) in MI-IUGR fetuses compared with controls. MyoD+ and myf5+ myoblasts were less abundant (P < 0.05), and myogenin+ myoblasts were more abundant (P < 0.05) in MI-IUGR hindlimb skeletal muscle compared with controls, indicating precocious myoblast differentiation. Type I and Type II hindlimb muscle fibers were smaller (P < 0.05) in MI-IUGR fetuses than in controls, but fiber type proportions did not differ between experimental groups. Fetal blood plasma TNFα concentrations were below detectable amounts in both experimental groups, but skeletal muscle gene expression for the cytokine receptors TNFR1, IL6R, and FN14 was greater (P < 0.05) in MI-IUGR fetuses than controls, perhaps indicating enhanced sensitivity to these cytokines. Maternal blood glucose concentrations at term did not differ between experimental groups, but MI-IUGR fetal blood contained less (P < 0.05) glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Fetal-to-maternal blood glucose ratios were also reduced (P < 0.05), which is indicative of placental insufficiency. Indicators of protein catabolism, including blood plasma urea nitrogen and creatine kinase, were greater (P < 0.05) in MI-IUGR fetuses than in controls. From these findings, we conclude that maternal inflammation at midgestation causes muscle-centric fetal programming that impairs myoblast function, increases protein catabolism, and reduces skeletal muscle growth near term. Fetal muscle sensitivity to inflammatory cytokines appeared to be enhanced after maternal inflammation, which may represent a mechanistic target for improving these outcomes in MI-IUGR fetuses.

Placental expression of the obesity-associated gene FTO is reduced by fetal growth restriction but not by macrosomia in rats and humans

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mayeur ◽  
O. Cisse ◽  
A. Gabory ◽  
S. Barbaux ◽  
D. Vaiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Placental Villi ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Epigenetic Processes

Genetic variants in the FTO (fat mass- and obesity-associated) gene have the highest association of all obesity-associated genes. Its placental expression was shown to relate to birth weight, suggesting that it may participate in the control of fetal weight gain. To gain more insight into the implication of FTO in fetal growth, we measured its placental expression in samples including extremes of abnormal fetal growth, such as after intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) or macrosomia in both rats and humans. In rats, fetal growth was modulated by maternal nutritional modifications. In humans, placental villi were collected from pathological pregnancies (i.e. with IUGR or fetal macrosomia). Placental FTO mRNA expression was reduced by IUGR but was not significantly affected by macrosomia in either rats or humans. Our data suggest that placental FTO may participate in interactions between the in utero environment and the control of fetal growth under IUGR conditions by modulating epigenetic processes.

Experimental aspects of nutrition and fetal growth

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
FH Bloomfield ◽  
JE Harding
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Fetal Nutrition ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Ultrasound Evidence ◽  
Made In

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality and, as yet, there is no effective treatment. Most fetuses with ultrasound evidence of moderate to severe IUGR do not grow better out of the womb than in, despite early enteral feeds and subsequent calorie supplementation. Research into possible therapies for growth restricted babies has thus also been directed towards the fetus. Major advances have been made in recent years in the understanding of the physiology of fetal growth, and it has become clear that fetal nutrition is the determining factor.

Comparison of perinatal outcomes between patients with suspected complex and simple gastroschisis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Medina Jiménez ◽  
Sandra Acevedo-Gallegos ◽  
Monica Aguinaga Rios ◽  
Juan Manuel Gallardo-Gaona
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Bowel Dilatation

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare perinatal outcomes between patients with and without prenatal ultrasound markers predictive of complex gastroschisis. Method: A prospective cohort of 98 patients with isolated fetal gastroschisis underwent antenatal ultrasound and delivered in a tertiary referral center. Patients were classified according to eight ultrasonographic markers predictive of complexity, and perinatal outcomes were assessed accordingly. The primary outcome was the presence of fetal growth restriction and staged SILO reduction postnatally. Results: Of all fetuses, 54.1% (n = 53) displayed ultrasonographic markers predictive of complexity at 32.7 ± 4.3 weeks of gestation. Gastric dilatation was the most frequent marker followed by extra-abdominal bowel dilatation. The presence of ultrasound markers predictive of complexity, was not associated with intrauterine growth restriction but its absence was less associated with staged SILO reduction of the abdominal wall postnatally with a RR of 0.79 (CI95% 0.17-0.53) Conclusion: Fetuses with ultrasound markers that predict complexity were not associated with fetal growth restriction but its absence was less associated with staged SILO reduction of the abdominal wall postnatally. It is necessary to unify criteria, establish cut-off points and the optimal moment to measure these markers.

scholarly journals Micronutrients: Its role in intrauterine growth restriction

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Swaraj Rajbhandari ◽  
Sanu Maiya Dali
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Energy Supplementation

Objective: To find out the role of micronutrients in intrauterine growth restrictions. Methodology. Desktop review of articles from the year 1986 till 2005 March using key words, Micronutrients AND Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Results: 13.7 million infants are born annually with fetal growth restriction (IUGR) comprising 11% of all births in developing countries affecting up to 40% in some of developing countries varying from 14-38.8% for Nepal. Public health officials have recognized the urgent need for interventions aimed to prevent IUGR as this higher percent is likely due to protein calorie malnutrition, kwown to be the second leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The identification of IUGR is crucial because proper evaluation and management can result in a favourable outcome. Sixty five percent of IUGR are not identified until after delivery. More over, it is unrealistic issue to assume that extra nutrient taken for few months during pregnancy would replace the under nutrition that has been prevalent for over decades in terms of reproductive performance. Conclusion: Although it is frustrating that, most of the interventions aimed to prevent or treat impaired fetal growth have hardly shown any beneficial effect on short-term perinatal outcomes, long term benefit may be rewarding with significant impact. Hence provision of energy supplementation for two (or more, if they occur) consecutive pregnancies must be focused rather than during single pregnancy. Key words: micronutrients, intrauterine growth restriction, malnutrion. doi:10.3126/njog.v1i2.2407 N. J. Obstet. Gynaecol Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 77-82 Nov-Dec 2006

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document