scholarly journals The Dominant Climate Change Event for Salinity Intrusion in the GBM Delta

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabeya Akter ◽  
Tansir Zaman Asik ◽  
Mohiuddin Sakib ◽  
Marin Akter ◽  
Mostofa Najmus Sakib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Surface Water Salinity ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Change Event ◽  
Different Levels

Salinity intrusion through the estuaries in low-lying tide-dominated deltas is a serious threat that is expected to worsen in changing climatic conditions. This research makes a comparative analysis on the impact of salinity intrusion due to a reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclonic conditions to find which one of these event dominates the salinity intrusion. A calibrated and validated salinity model (Delft3D) and storm surge model (Delft Dashboard) are used to simulate the surface water salinity for different climatic conditions. Results show that the effects of the reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclones cause different levels of impacts in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta along the Bangladesh coast. Reduced upstream discharge causes an increased saltwater intrusion in the entire region. A rising sea level causes increased salinity in the shallower coast. The cyclonic impact on saltwater intrusion is confined within the landfall zone. These outcomes suggest that, for a tide dominated delta, if a sea level rise (SLR) or cyclone occurred, the impact would be conditional and local. However, if the upstream discharge reduces, the impact would be gradual and along the entire coast.

scholarly journals Mathematical model in assesment of saltwater intrusion in Saigon – Dong Nai river system (Southern Vietnam) due to sea level rise

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thong Chi Ho ◽  
Ngo Van Dau ◽  
Giang Song Le ◽  
Oanh Thi Phi Tran
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
River System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Water Regulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

SaiGon –DongNai (SG-DN) river system plays a vital role in developing the southern key economic triangle including Ho Chi Minh City, DongNai and BinhDuong provinces. Saltwater intrusion results from many factors and complex movements in SG–DN river system, in the midst of which are sea level rise and water regulation of upstream reservoirs. Theses causes have gradually changed the hydraulic regimes of the river system. As a result, saltwater intrusion has become seriously. In this article, the authors used mathematical models to investigate the change of saltwater boundary of the river system before and after the impact of sea level rise and the regulatory regime of the reservoirs. The findings contributed to the predicted scenarios where sea level rise and salinity boundary could be controlled through the regulation of upstream reservoirs.

scholarly journals Assessing impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and drainage canals on saltwater intrusion to coastal aquifer

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
G. Goncear ◽  
K. Hinsby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Drainage Canals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

Abstract. Groundwater abstraction from coastal aquifers is vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise because both may potentially impact saltwater intrusion and hence groundwater quality depending on the hydrogeological setting. In the present study the impacts of sea level rise and changes in groundwater recharge are quantified for an island located in the Western Baltic Sea. The low-lying central area of the investigated part of the island was extensively drained and reclaimed during the second half of the 19th century by a system of artificial drainage canals that significantly affects the flow dynamics of the area. The drinking water, mainly for summer cottages, is abstracted from 11 wells drilled to a depth of around 20 m into the upper 5–10 m of a confined chalk aquifer, and the total pumping is only 5–6% of the drainage pumping. Increasing chloride concentrations have been observed in several abstraction wells and in some cases the WHO drinking water standard has been exceeded. Using the modeling package MODFLOW/MT3D/SEAWAT the historical, present and future freshwater-sea water distribution is simulated. The model is calibrated against hydraulic head observations and validated against geochemical and geophysical data from new investigation wells, including borehole logs, and from an airborne transient electromagnetic survey. The impact of climate changes on saltwater intrusion is found to be sensitive to the boundary conditions of the investigated system. For the flux-controlled aquifer to the west of the drained area only changes in groundwater recharge impacts the freshwater–sea water interface whereas sea level rise does not result in increasing sea water intrusion. However, on the barrier islands to the east of the reclaimed area, below which the sea is hydraulically connected to the drainage canals, and the boundary of the flow system therefore controlled, the projected changes in sea level, groundwater recharge and stage of the drainage canals all have significant impacts on saltwater intrusion and the chloride concentrations found in abstraction wells.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE LAND USE IN TRA VINH PROVINCE UNDER THE SCENARIOS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND SEA LEVEL RISE

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Phuong Ha Tran
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Land Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Sea Level

Currently, in the context of climate change, droughts, salinity intrusion, sea level rise etc. and through the reality, it can be seen that the structure of land use (land use) in Tra Vinh province has been impacted quite strongly. The salinity intrusion, flooding and drought have increased in recent years, requiring appropriately comprehensive and proactive solutions. First and foremost, it’s a solution to change the structure of land use in combination with the change of seed structure and crop production structure to ensure efficient and sustainable development. For an overview of these changes as well as predictions for later years, the assessment of the impact of sea level rise on the average scenario (2030) affects the structure of land use by 2030 compared to the land use data in Tra Vinh in 2016, the results show that the areas flooded under the scenario of climate change and sea level rise RCP6.0  in 2030 are at risk of land use change.[TT1]  The land area has the risk of land use change in the whole province is nearly 24,235 ha. In which the most affected land area is specializing in rice land occupies 71%, area aquaculture (11%), paddy land remaining (8%), especially 4% of residential land in rural areas will be affected, this will directly affect the lives of people in the shallow village. [TT1]Need to revise

scholarly journals Saltwater Intrusion in the Upper Tagus Estuary during Droughts

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rodrigues ◽  
André B. Fortunato ◽  
Paula Freire
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Tagus Estuary ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Tagus River ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

Droughts reduce freshwater availability and have negative environmental, economic, and social impacts. In estuaries, the dynamics between the saltwater and the freshwater can be affected during droughts, which can impact several natural resources and economic sectors negatively. The Tagus estuary is one of the largest estuaries in Europe and supports diverse uses and activities that can be affected by the saltwater intrusion (e.g., agriculture). This study assesses the saltwater intrusion in the upper reaches of the Tagus estuary using a process-based model to explore different scenarios of freshwater discharge and sea level rise. For the river discharge and mean sea level rise scenarios analyzed, salinity can reach concentrations that are inadequate for irrigation when the mean Tagus river discharge is similar or lower than the ones observed during recent droughts (22–44 m3/s). Lower river discharges aggravate the consequences. Results also show that the salinity increases with the duration of the droughts. In contrast, the impact of a moderate sea level rise on salinity intrusion is modest when compared with the impact of low river discharges. These findings contribute to support the management of the agricultural activities in the upper Tagus estuary and the water resources in the Tagus river basin.

scholarly journals Assessing impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and drainage canals on saltwater intrusion to coastal aquifer

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 7969-8026 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
G. Goncear ◽  
K. Hinsby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Barrier Islands ◽  
Drainage Canal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

Abstract. Groundwater abstraction from coastal aquifers is vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise because both may potentially impact saltwater intrusion and hence groundwater quality depending on the hydrogeological setting. In the present study the impacts of sea level rise and changes in groundwater recharge are quantified for an island located in the Western Baltic Sea. Agricultural land dominates the western and central parts of the island, which geologically are developed as push moraine hills and a former lagoon (later wetland area) behind barrier islands to the east. The low-lying central area of the island was extensively drained and reclaimed during the second half of the 19th century. Summer cottages along the beach on the former barrier islands dominate the eastern part of the island. The main water abstraction is for holiday cottages during the summer period (June–August). The water is abstracted from 11 wells drilled to a depth of around 20 m in the upper 5–10 m of a confined chalk aquifer. Increasing chloride concentrations have been observed in several abstraction wells and in some cases the WHO drinking water standard has been exceeded. Using the modeling package MODFLOW/MT3D/SEAWAT the historical, present and future freshwater–sea water distribution is simulated. The model is calibrated against hydraulic head observations and validated against geochemical and geophysical data from new investigation wells, including borehole logs, and from an airborne transient electromagnetic survey. The impact of climate changes on saltwater intrusion is found to be sensitive to the boundary conditions of the investigated system. For the flux-controlled aquifer to the west of the drained area only changes in groundwater recharge impacts the freshwater–sea water interface whereas sea level rise do not result in increasing sea water intrusion. However, on the barrier islands to the east of the reclaimed area below which the sea is hydraulically connected to the drainage canal, and the boundary of the flow system therefore controlled, the projected changes in sea level, groundwater recharge and stage of the drainage canal all have significant impacts on saltwater intrusion and hence the chloride concentrations found in the abstraction wells.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of sea level rise due to climate change on seawater intrusion in Mekong Delta, Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1632-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Vu ◽  
T. Yamada ◽  
H. Ishidaira
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
1D Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regional Rainfall

Abstract In the context of climate change, salinity intrusion into rivers has been, and will be, one of the most important issues for coastal water resources management. A combination of changes, including increased temperature, change in regional rainfall, especially sea level rise (SLR) related to climate change, will have significant impacts on this phenomenon. This paper presents the outcomes of a study conducted in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam (MKD) for evaluating the effect of sea water intrusion under a new SLR scenario. Salinity intrusion was simulated by one-dimensional (1D) modeling. The relative sea level projection was constructed corresponding to the RCP 6.0 emission scenario for MKD based on the statistical downscaling method. The sea level in 2050 is projected to increase from 25 cm to 30 cm compared to the baseline period (in 2000). Furthermore, the simulated results suggested that salinity greater than 4 g/l, which affects rice yield, will intrude up to 50–60 km into the river. Approximately 30,000 ha of agricultural area will be affected if the sea level rise is 30 cm.

ELUCIDATING SEA-LEVEL RISE, SUBSIDENCE, AND SEDIMENT ACCRETION IN THE GANGES-BRAHMAPUTRA (G-B) TIDAL DELTAPLAIN

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Wilson ◽  
◽  
Michael Steckler ◽  
Steven L. Goodbred ◽  
Richard Hale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sediment Accretion ◽  
The Ganges
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