scholarly journals Mathematical model in assesment of saltwater intrusion in Saigon – Dong Nai river system (Southern Vietnam) due to sea level rise

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thong Chi Ho ◽  
Ngo Van Dau ◽  
Giang Song Le ◽  
Oanh Thi Phi Tran
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
River System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Water Regulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

SaiGon –DongNai (SG-DN) river system plays a vital role in developing the southern key economic triangle including Ho Chi Minh City, DongNai and BinhDuong provinces. Saltwater intrusion results from many factors and complex movements in SG–DN river system, in the midst of which are sea level rise and water regulation of upstream reservoirs. Theses causes have gradually changed the hydraulic regimes of the river system. As a result, saltwater intrusion has become seriously. In this article, the authors used mathematical models to investigate the change of saltwater boundary of the river system before and after the impact of sea level rise and the regulatory regime of the reservoirs. The findings contributed to the predicted scenarios where sea level rise and salinity boundary could be controlled through the regulation of upstream reservoirs.

scholarly journals The Dominant Climate Change Event for Salinity Intrusion in the GBM Delta

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabeya Akter ◽  
Tansir Zaman Asik ◽  
Mohiuddin Sakib ◽  
Marin Akter ◽  
Mostofa Najmus Sakib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Surface Water Salinity ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Change Event ◽  
Different Levels

Salinity intrusion through the estuaries in low-lying tide-dominated deltas is a serious threat that is expected to worsen in changing climatic conditions. This research makes a comparative analysis on the impact of salinity intrusion due to a reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclonic conditions to find which one of these event dominates the salinity intrusion. A calibrated and validated salinity model (Delft3D) and storm surge model (Delft Dashboard) are used to simulate the surface water salinity for different climatic conditions. Results show that the effects of the reduced upstream discharge, a sea level rise, and cyclones cause different levels of impacts in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta along the Bangladesh coast. Reduced upstream discharge causes an increased saltwater intrusion in the entire region. A rising sea level causes increased salinity in the shallower coast. The cyclonic impact on saltwater intrusion is confined within the landfall zone. These outcomes suggest that, for a tide dominated delta, if a sea level rise (SLR) or cyclone occurred, the impact would be conditional and local. However, if the upstream discharge reduces, the impact would be gradual and along the entire coast.

scholarly journals Effect of sea level rise on oil spill model drift using TELEMAC-2D

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021-1031
Author(s):  
W. Lavine ◽  
M. H. Jamal ◽  
A. K. Abd Wahab ◽  
E. H. Kasiman
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Hydrodynamic Behaviour ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Sea level rise (SLR) is a serious issue around the world that affects the hydrodynamic behaviour of river and coastal waters. This work presents the hydrodynamic pattern modelled for the region and prediction of oil spill spreading at Pulai River estuary and southwest Johor Strait before and after SLR phenomenon using TELEMAC-2D. The hydrodynamic calibration and validation were in good agreement between measured and modelled values. The mean absolute error (MAE) of water level is less than 3% and average difference in speed and direction of current is less than 10% and 30°, respectively. These values meet the impact evaluation assessment by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), which is less than 10% for water level and less than 30% and 45° for current speed and direction, respectively. Permanent service for mean sea level (PSMSL) analysis shows an increased water level of 0.35 m after SLR rise by year 2100. Currents also increase with the effect of SLR. At the Pulai River, the observed spill trajectory remains the same before and after SLR but in open seas, the affected oil spillage area at the anchorage zone is estimated to increase 28% after SLR compared to 2015. It is predicted that SLR increases water level, currents and oil spill spreading at open seas.

scholarly journals Assessing impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and drainage canals on saltwater intrusion to coastal aquifer

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
G. Goncear ◽  
K. Hinsby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Drainage Canals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

Abstract. Groundwater abstraction from coastal aquifers is vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise because both may potentially impact saltwater intrusion and hence groundwater quality depending on the hydrogeological setting. In the present study the impacts of sea level rise and changes in groundwater recharge are quantified for an island located in the Western Baltic Sea. The low-lying central area of the investigated part of the island was extensively drained and reclaimed during the second half of the 19th century by a system of artificial drainage canals that significantly affects the flow dynamics of the area. The drinking water, mainly for summer cottages, is abstracted from 11 wells drilled to a depth of around 20 m into the upper 5–10 m of a confined chalk aquifer, and the total pumping is only 5–6% of the drainage pumping. Increasing chloride concentrations have been observed in several abstraction wells and in some cases the WHO drinking water standard has been exceeded. Using the modeling package MODFLOW/MT3D/SEAWAT the historical, present and future freshwater-sea water distribution is simulated. The model is calibrated against hydraulic head observations and validated against geochemical and geophysical data from new investigation wells, including borehole logs, and from an airborne transient electromagnetic survey. The impact of climate changes on saltwater intrusion is found to be sensitive to the boundary conditions of the investigated system. For the flux-controlled aquifer to the west of the drained area only changes in groundwater recharge impacts the freshwater–sea water interface whereas sea level rise does not result in increasing sea water intrusion. However, on the barrier islands to the east of the reclaimed area, below which the sea is hydraulically connected to the drainage canals, and the boundary of the flow system therefore controlled, the projected changes in sea level, groundwater recharge and stage of the drainage canals all have significant impacts on saltwater intrusion and the chloride concentrations found in abstraction wells.

scholarly journals Saltwater Intrusion in the Upper Tagus Estuary during Droughts

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rodrigues ◽  
André B. Fortunato ◽  
Paula Freire
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Tagus Estuary ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Tagus River ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

Droughts reduce freshwater availability and have negative environmental, economic, and social impacts. In estuaries, the dynamics between the saltwater and the freshwater can be affected during droughts, which can impact several natural resources and economic sectors negatively. The Tagus estuary is one of the largest estuaries in Europe and supports diverse uses and activities that can be affected by the saltwater intrusion (e.g., agriculture). This study assesses the saltwater intrusion in the upper reaches of the Tagus estuary using a process-based model to explore different scenarios of freshwater discharge and sea level rise. For the river discharge and mean sea level rise scenarios analyzed, salinity can reach concentrations that are inadequate for irrigation when the mean Tagus river discharge is similar or lower than the ones observed during recent droughts (22–44 m3/s). Lower river discharges aggravate the consequences. Results also show that the salinity increases with the duration of the droughts. In contrast, the impact of a moderate sea level rise on salinity intrusion is modest when compared with the impact of low river discharges. These findings contribute to support the management of the agricultural activities in the upper Tagus estuary and the water resources in the Tagus river basin.

scholarly journals Risks of the saltwater intrusion in the SaiGon, DongNai rivers in the context of climate change and sea level rise

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Tuan Ngoc Le ◽  
Kim Thi Tran ◽  
Phung Ky Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Pump Station ◽  
Gis Methods ◽  
Important Basis

This work aimed to assess the risk of the saltwater intrusion (SI) in main rivers in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) in the context of climate change by 2100 under scenarios of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. By modeling and GIS methods, results showed that SI has been increasing and moving upstream. Differences in the salinity between the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios could be only visible from the middle to the end of the 21st century. In Saigon river, for RCP4.5, corresponding to 2025, 2030, 2050, and 2100, the salt line of 0.25‰ would be 0.25km, 1.6 km, 4.09km and 6.22km, respectively from Hoa Phu pump station as compared to that of 0.75 km; 1.6km; 4.6 km and 8.6 km, respectively for RCP8.5. In Dong Nai river, from Hoa An pump station, the corresponding figures would be 3.7km; 4.9km; 7.7km; 11.7km according to RCP4.5 and 3.7km, 4.9 km, 8.1km, 12.6km according to RCP8.5. The research results provide an important basis for planning suitable adaptation solutions, ensuring local activities and production.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of climate change and sea level rise on shrimp farming in Can Gio district, Ho Chi Minh City

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Van Thuong ◽  
Nguyen Huy Thach
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Applied Statistic ◽  
And Sea Level

Can Gio is only coastal district of the Ho Chi Minh City. It plays a vitally important role in contributing aquatic food in general and shrimp in particular to residents of the city. However, the shrimp farming in there has been significantly fluctuated by climate change and sea level rise impacts in recent years. By approaching community, and using several sectors into applied statistic method, the article quantitated the change of shrimp farming in the study area in times of climate change and sea level rise.

scholarly journals Sanility intrustion in Sai Gon-Dong Nai river system under the effects of the tides and sea level rising in Vung Tau estuary – East Sea, South of Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Thong Chi Ho ◽  
Ngo Van Dau ◽  
Oanh Thi Phi Tran
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
River System ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Oscillation Phase ◽  
Salinity Regime ◽  
Domestic Regulation

A mathematical model was used by the authors (software developed by Dr. F28 Le Song Giang) to study the change of the salt boundary river systems Saigon - Dong Nai under the effect of sea level rise in the different cases for Ho Chi Minh City, taking into account the change of amplitude and phase shift of the South China Sea tide. Results of the study indicated that: 1. There is a pretty good resemblance between model running results and results of water levels measurement. Salinity, calculated results have a larger amplitude slightly from measured data but this difference and oscillation phase can be acceptable. 2. Salinity 1 g / l - 3 g / l is increasingly encroaching into the infield under the sea level rise scenarios. Salt accounts is greater than 5 g / l and the margin of 10-15 g / l is also approaching deeply, so the future of Ho Chi Minh City will face to some water supply problems. 3. Saline in basin downstream Saigon - Dong Nai river is quite sensitive to the hydrological regime of the river, therefore, domestic regulation of irrigation reservoirs upstream can be used to push salt and improve salinity regime in the downstream part of the river

scholarly journals Assessing impacts of climate change, sea level rise, and drainage canals on saltwater intrusion to coastal aquifer

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 7969-8026 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen ◽  
T. O. Sonnenborg ◽  
G. Goncear ◽  
K. Hinsby
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Barrier Islands ◽  
Drainage Canal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

Abstract. Groundwater abstraction from coastal aquifers is vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise because both may potentially impact saltwater intrusion and hence groundwater quality depending on the hydrogeological setting. In the present study the impacts of sea level rise and changes in groundwater recharge are quantified for an island located in the Western Baltic Sea. Agricultural land dominates the western and central parts of the island, which geologically are developed as push moraine hills and a former lagoon (later wetland area) behind barrier islands to the east. The low-lying central area of the island was extensively drained and reclaimed during the second half of the 19th century. Summer cottages along the beach on the former barrier islands dominate the eastern part of the island. The main water abstraction is for holiday cottages during the summer period (June–August). The water is abstracted from 11 wells drilled to a depth of around 20 m in the upper 5–10 m of a confined chalk aquifer. Increasing chloride concentrations have been observed in several abstraction wells and in some cases the WHO drinking water standard has been exceeded. Using the modeling package MODFLOW/MT3D/SEAWAT the historical, present and future freshwater–sea water distribution is simulated. The model is calibrated against hydraulic head observations and validated against geochemical and geophysical data from new investigation wells, including borehole logs, and from an airborne transient electromagnetic survey. The impact of climate changes on saltwater intrusion is found to be sensitive to the boundary conditions of the investigated system. For the flux-controlled aquifer to the west of the drained area only changes in groundwater recharge impacts the freshwater–sea water interface whereas sea level rise do not result in increasing sea water intrusion. However, on the barrier islands to the east of the reclaimed area below which the sea is hydraulically connected to the drainage canal, and the boundary of the flow system therefore controlled, the projected changes in sea level, groundwater recharge and stage of the drainage canal all have significant impacts on saltwater intrusion and hence the chloride concentrations found in the abstraction wells.

scholarly journals Evolving patterns of sterodynamic sea-level rise under mitigation scenarios and insights from linear system theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quran Wu ◽  
Xuebin Zhang ◽  
John A. Church ◽  
Jianyu Hu ◽  
Jonathan M. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Linear System ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Density Change ◽  
Cmip5 Models ◽  
Dynamical Response ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

AbstractLong-term behaviour of sea-level rise is an important factor in assessing the impact of climate change on multi-century timescales. Under the stabilisation scenario RCP4.5, Sterodynamic Sea-Level (SdynSL) and ocean density change in the CMIP5 models exhibit distinct patterns over the periods before and after Radiative Forcing (RF) stabilisation (2000–2070 vs. 2100–2300). The stabilisation pattern is more geographically uniform and involves deeper penetration of density change than the transient pattern. In RCP2.6, 4.5 and 8.5, the spatiotemporal evolution of SdynSL change can be approximated as a linear combination of the transient and stabilisation patterns. Specifically, SdynSL change is dominated by the transient pattern when RF increases rapidly, but it is increasingly affected by the stabilisation pattern once RF starts to stabilise. The growth of the stabilisation pattern could persist for centuries after RF ceases increasing. The evolving patterns of SdynSL change can also be approximated as a linear system's responses (characterised by its Green’s function) to time-dependent boundary conditions. By examining SdynSL change simulated in linear system models with different estimates of Green's functions, we find that both the climatological ocean circulation and the ocean's dynamical response to RF play a role in shaping the patterns of SdynSL change. The linear system model is more accurate than the univariate pattern scaling in emulating the CMIP5 SdynSL change beyond 2100. The emergence of the stabilisation pattern leads to a 1–10% decrease in the ocean's expansion efficiency of heat over 2000–2300 in RCP2.6 and 4.5.

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