Bone Density around Titanium Dental Implants Coating Tested/Coated with Chitosan or Melatonin: An Evaluation via Microtomography in Jaws of Beagle Dogs

Peri-implant bone density plays an important role in the osseointegration of dental implants. The aim of the study was to evaluate via micro-CT, in Hounsfield units, the bone density around dental implants coated with chitosan and melatonin and to compare it with the bone density around implants with a conventional etched surface after 12 weeks of immediate post-extraction placement in the jaws of Beagle dogs. Six dogs were used, and 48 implants were randomly placed: three groups—melatonin, chitosan, and control. Seven 10 mm × 10 mm regions of interest were defined in each implant (2 in the crestal zone, 4 in the medial zone, and 1 in the apical zone). A total of 336 sites were studied with the AMIDE tool, using the Norton and Gamble classification to assess bone density. The effect on bone density of surface coating variables (chitosan, melatonin, and control) at the crestal, medial, and apical sites and the implant positions (P2, P3, P4, and M1) was analyzed at bivariate and multivariate levels (linear regression). Adjusted effects on bone density did not indicate statistical significance for surface coatings (p = 0.653) but did for different levels of ROIs (p < 0.001) and for positions of the implants (p = 0.032). Micro-CT, with appropriate software, proved to be a powerful tool for measuring osseointegration.

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Can the Macrogeometry of Dental Implants Influence Guided Bone Regeneration in Buccal Bone Defects? Histomorphometric and Biomechanical Analysis in Beagle Dogs

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm8050618 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 618 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manuel Fernández-Domínguez ◽

Victor Ortega-Asensio ◽

Elena Fuentes Numancia ◽

Juan Aragoneses ◽

Horia Barbu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Regeneration ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Animal Study ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Guided Bone Regeneration ◽

Biomechanical Analysis ◽

Implant Stability ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Implant Placement ◽

Cervical Portion

The aim of this experimental animal study was to assess guided bone regeneration (GBR) and implant stability (ISQ) around two dental implants with different macrogeometries. Forty eight dental implants were placed within six Beagle dogs. The implants were divided into two groups (n = 24 per group): G1 group implants presented semi-conical macrogeometry, a low apical self-tapping portion, and an external hexagonal connection (whereby the cervical portion was bigger than the implant body). G2 group implants presented parallel walls macrogeometry, a strong apical self-tapping portion, and an external hexagonal connection (with the cervical portion parallel to the implant body). Buccal (mouth-related) defects of 2 mm (c2 condition) and 5 mm (c3 condition) were created. For the control condition with no defect (c1), implants were installed at crestal bone level. Eight implants in each group were installed under each condition. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured immediately after implant placement, and on the day of sacrifice (3 months after the implant placement). Histological and histomorphometric procedures and analysis were performed to assess all samples, measuring crestal bone loss (CBL) and bone-to-implant contact (BIC). The data obtained were compared with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. The ISQ results showed a similar evolution between the groups at the two evaluation times, although higher values were found in the G1 group under all conditions. Within the limitations of this animal study, it may be concluded that implant macrogeometry is an important factor influencing guided bone regeneration in buccal defects. Group G1 showed better buccal bone regeneration (CBL) and BIC % at 3 months follow up, also parallel collar design can stimulate bone regeneration more than divergent collar design implants. The apical portion of the implant, with a stronger self-tapping feature, may provide better initial stability, even in the presence of a bone defect in the buccal area.

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Comparison of healed tissues adjacent to submerged and non-submerged unloaded titanium dental implants. A histometric study in beagle dogs

Implant Dentistry ◽

10.1097/00008505-199600540-00034 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 298 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

HP Weber ◽

D Buser ◽

K Donath ◽

JP Fiorellini ◽

V Doppalapudi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Titanium Dental Implants

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Effects of the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Combination on Bone Regeneration Around Titanium Dental Implants. Results of a Pilot Study in Beagle Dogs

Journal of Periodontology ◽

10.1902/jop.1991.62.11.710 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 62 (11) ◽

pp. 710-716 ◽

Cited By ~ 166

Author(s):

Samuel E. Lynch ◽

Daniel Buser ◽

Rafael A. Hernandez ◽

H.P. Weber ◽

H. Stich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Factor I ◽

Growth Factor I ◽

Titanium Dental Implants

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Comparison of healed tissues adjacent to submerged and non-submerged unloaded titanium dental implants. A histometric study in beagle dogs.

Clinical Oral Implants Research ◽

10.1034/j.1600-0501.1996.070102.x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 11-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 112

Author(s):

H. P. Weber ◽

D. Buser ◽

K. Donath ◽

J. P. Fiorellini ◽

V. Doppalapudi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Titanium Dental Implants

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Introducing a Novel Experimental Model for Osseo-Disintegration of Titanium Dental Implants Induced by Monobacterial Contamination: An In-Vivo Feasibility Study

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14227076 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (22) ◽

pp. 7076

Author(s):

Christian Flörke ◽

Anne-Katrin Eisenbeiß ◽

Ulla Metz ◽

Aydin Gülses ◽

Yahya Acil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Experimental Model ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Feasible Option ◽

Bone To Implant Contact ◽

Mini Pigs ◽

Titanium Dental Implants

Background and Objectives: The aim of the current study was to establish an osseo-disintegration model initiated with a single microorganism in mini-pigs. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 titanium dental implants (3.5 mm in diameter, 9.5 mm in length) was inserted into frontal bone (n: 12) and the basis of the corpus mandible (n: 24). Eighteen implants were contaminated via inoculation of Enterococcus faecalis. Six weeks after implant insertion, bone-to-implant contact (BIC) ratio, interthread bone density (ITBD), and peri-implant bone density (PIBD) were examined. In addition to that, new bone formation was assessed via fluorescence microscopy, histomorphometry, and light microscopical examinations. Results: Compared to the sterile implants, the contaminated implants showed significantly reduced BIC (p < 0.001), ITBD (p < 0.001), and PBD (p < 0.001) values. Around the sterile implants, the green and red fluorophores were overlapping and surrounding the implant without gaps, indicating healthy bone growth on the implant surface, whereas contaminated implants were surrounded by connective tissue. Conclusions: The current experimental model could be a feasible option to realize a significant alteration of dental-implant osseointegration and examine novel surface decontamination techniques without impairing local and systemic inflammatory complications.

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Comparison between Sandblasted Acid-Etched and Oxidized Titanium Dental Implants: In Vivo Study

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20133267 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (13) ◽

pp. 3267 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Eugenio Velasco-Ortega ◽

Ivan Ortiz-García ◽

Alvaro Jiménez-Guerra ◽

Loreto Monsalve-Guil ◽

Fernando Muñoz-Guzón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Residual Stress ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Rabbit Model ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

In Vivo Study ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Bone Response ◽

Etched Surface ◽

Titanium Dental Implants

The surface modifications of titanium dental implants play important roles in the enhancement of osseointegration. The objective of the present study was to test two different implant surface treatments on a rabbit model to investigate the osseointegration. The tested surfaces were: a) acid-etched surface with sandblasting treatment (SA) and b) an oxidized implant surface (OS). The roughness was measured by an interferometeric microscope with white light and the residual stress of the surfaces was measured with X-ray residual stress Bragg–Bentano diffraction. Six New Zealand white rabbits were used for the in vivo study. Implants with the two different surfaces (SA and OS) were inserted in the femoral bone. After 12 weeks of implantation, histological and histomorphometric analyses of the blocks containing the implants and the surrounding bone were performed. All the implants were correctly implanted and no signs of infection were observed. SA and OS surfaces were both surrounded by newly formed trabeculae. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that the bone–implant contact % (BIC) was higher around the SA implants (53.49 ± 8.46) than around the OS implants (50.94 ± 16.42), although there were no significant statistical differences among them. Both implant surfaces (SA and OS) demonstrated a good bone response with significant amounts of newly formed bone along the implant surface after 12 weeks of implantation. These results confirmed the importance of the topography and physico–chemical properties of dental implants in the osseointegration.

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Under-Drilling versus Hybrid Osseodensification Technique: Differences in Implant Primary Stability and Bone Density of the Implant Bed Walls

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13020390 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 390 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rafael Delgado-Ruiz ◽

Joshua Gold ◽

Tanya Somohano Marquez ◽

Georgios Romanos

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Primary Stability ◽

Insertion Torque ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Implant System ◽

Implant Bed ◽

Post Hoc ◽

And Control ◽

Preparation Techniques

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of two implant bed preparation techniques on the implant primary stability (IPS) and the bone density of the implant site. We completed 40 implant bed osteotomies in pig ribs using two techniques: osseodensification (OD) plus under-drilling (UD) with universal osseodensification drills (Test A), and under-drilling alone with drills of the same implant system (Test B). Implants with a 4.1 mm diameter and 10 mm length were inserted, and the IPS was evaluated with three methods: (insertion torque (IT), periotest (PTV), and resonance frequency analysis (RFA). The bone density was evaluated using micro-computed tomography. ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test were used for comparison of the IPS values, and Kruskal–Wallis was used to evaluate the bone density. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The tested B technique (UD) achieved a higher IPS compared to the Test A technique (OD + UD) for all the evaluation methods (p < 0.05). Bone density was higher at the apical and middle region in Test A compared to Test B and control sites (p < 0.05). We concluded that although the bone density increased with the hybrid OD technique with universal drills, implant beds prepared with UD using drills with geometry similar to that of the implant are more efficient at increasing IPS values.

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Evaluation of Apically Positioned Dental Implants with a Sandblasted with Large Grit and Acid-Etched Surface 1 Day After Initial Placement Using Micro-CT and Nondecalcified Tissue Slide Images in a Rabbit Model

The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants ◽

10.11607/jomi.7464 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 1078-1083 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seok-Joon Kang ◽

Jun-Beom Park ◽

InSoo Kim ◽

Won Lee ◽

Heesung Kim

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Rabbit Model ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Initial Placement ◽

Etched Surface

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How Precise Is Dental Volumetric Tomography in the Prediction of Bone Density?

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2012/348908 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hakan Bilhan ◽

Selda Arat ◽

Onur Geckili

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Hounsfield Units ◽

Surgical Guide ◽

Macroscopic Structure ◽

Assessment Techniques ◽

The Right ◽

Formalin Fixed ◽

Density Assessment

Objectives. The aim of this study was to review the bone density assessment techniques and evaluate the macroscopic structure of bone specimens scored by Hounsfield Units (HUs) and decide if they are always in congruence.Methods. The mandible of a formalin-fixed human cadaver was scanned by dental volumetric tomography (DVT) for planning of the specimen positions and fabrication of a surgical guide and a surgical stent was fabricated afterwards. Bone cylinders of 3.5 mm diameter and 5 mm length, were excised from the mandible using the surgical stent with a slow speed trephine drill. After removal of the cylinders two more scans were performed and the images of the first scan were used for the determination of the HU values. The removed bone cylinder was inspected macroscopically as well by micro-CT scan.Results. The highest HU values were recorded in the interforaminal region, especially in the midline (408–742). Posterior regions showed lower HU values, especially the first molar regions (22–61 for the right; 14–66 for the left first molar regions).Conclusion. Within the limitations of this pilot study, it can be concluded that HU values alone could be a misleading diagnostic tool for the determination of bone density.

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