scholarly journals Predictability of Microbial Adhesion to Dental Materials by Roughness Parameters

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Schubert ◽  
Torsten Wassmann ◽  
Mareike Holtappels ◽  
Oliver Kurbad ◽  
Sebastian Krohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Microbial Adhesion

Microbial adhesion to intraoral biomaterials is associated with surface roughness. For the prevention of oral pathologies, smooth surfaces with little biofilm formation are required. Ideally, appropriate roughness parameters make microbial adhesion predictable. Although a multitude of parameters are available, surface roughness is commonly described by the arithmetical mean roughness value (Ra). The present study investigates whether Ra is the most appropriate roughness parameter in terms of prediction for microbial adhesion to dental biomaterials. After four surface roughness modifications using standardized polishing protocols, zirconia, polymethylmethacrylate, polyetheretherketone, and titanium alloy specimens were characterized by Ra as well as 17 other parameters using confocal microscopy. Specimens of the tested materials were colonized by C. albicans or S. sanguinis for 2 h; the adhesion was measured via luminescence assays and correlated with the roughness parameters. The adhesion of C. albicans showed a tendency to increase with increasing the surface roughness—the adhesion of S. sanguinis showed no such tendency. Although Sa, that is, the arithmetical mean deviation of surface roughness, and Rdc, that is, the profile section height between two material ratios, showed higher correlations with the microbial adhesion than Ra, these differences were not significant. Within the limitations of this in-vitro study, we conclude that Ra is a sufficient roughness parameter in terms of prediction for initial microbial adhesion to dental biomaterials with polished surfaces.

scholarly journals Comparison of microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on orthodontic wax materials; an in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-499
Author(s):  
Aylin Pasaoglu Bozkurt ◽  
Özge Ünlü ◽  
Mehmet Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Microbial Adhesion

scholarly journals Enamel Surface Roughness after Lingual Bracket Debonding: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4196
Author(s):  
Martina Eichenberger ◽  
Anna Iliadi ◽  
Despina Koletsi ◽  
George Eliades ◽  
Carlalberta Verna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Fine Diamond ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Lingual Brackets

The aim of the present study was to quantitatively assess changes in enamel roughness parameters before and after lingual bracket debonding. The lingual surface of 25 sound premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons was studied by 3D optical interferometric profilometry before and after debonding of lingual brackets following enamel finishing (with fine diamond) and polishing (with 12- and 20-fluted carbide burs). The roughness parameters tested were the amplitude parameters Sa and Sz, the hybrid parameter Sdr, and the functional parameters Sc and Sv. The parameter differences (after debonding-reference) were calculated, and statistical analysis was performed via a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Statistically significantly higher values were observed in all the surface roughness parameters of enamel surfaces after finishing and polishing, with the mostly affected parameter being the Sdr. Under the conditions of the present study, the finishing and polishing instruments used after debonding of lingual noncustomized brackets created a surface texture rougher than the control in all the tested roughness parameters.

scholarly journals Analysis of Surface Roughness and 3D Scanning Topography of Zirconia Implants Before and After Photofunctionalisation by 3D Optical Profilometry- An Invitro Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunjaikumar Ravindran ◽  
Suma Karthigeyan ◽  
Ramesh Bhat ◽  
Madhulika Naidu ◽  
Senthilnathan Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Optical Profilometry ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Zirconia Implants

Introduction: Zirconia is considered as an alternative material for the fabrication of implants. Surface roughness of the implant plays a fundamental role in the initial bone formation. The rationale of using 3D optical profilometry in this study was to evaluate the surface roughness of the zirconia implants before and after Ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalisation. Also, Moreso 3D optical instruments have a better resolution than the mechanical ones like Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Aim: To analyse the surface roughness and topography of zirconia implants after photofunctionalisation using optical profilometry. Materials and Methods: This is an in-vitro study conducted over a period of six months from March 2020 to August 2020. Ten commercially machined Zirconia implants, five each in study and control group, were micro analysed at three different regions (abutment, thread and crest) by optical profilometry. Study group was surface treated by UV radiation for 48 hours. Quantitative morphometric analysis was done between two groups and p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The statistical test applied in this study was independent t-test. Results: Scanning micrographs of the study group revealed highest density of summits contributing to increased surface area in the study group. Quantitative analysis of surface roughness showed statistically significant higher mean roughness parameter for photofunctionalised implants in abutment, crest and thread region (p<0.05). Conclusion: Photofunctionalisation is a potentially synergistic technique in producing textured zirconia implants.

scholarly journals Microbial Adhesion on Different Bracket Types in vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 915-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janvan Gastel ◽  
Marc Quirynen ◽  
Wim Teughels ◽  
Martine Pauwels ◽  
Wim Coucke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Microbial Adhesion ◽  
Type D ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Pigmented Bacteria

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that there are differences in total bacterial counts and capacity for biofilm formation between seven different bracket types. Material and Methods: By means of an in vitro experiment, seven commercially available bracket systems (Damon [A], Clarity [B], Mystique [C], Speed [D], Victory MBT [E], Micro-loc [F], and Generus [G]) were compared. A total of 25 premolar brackets of each bracket system were incubated in brain heart infusion medium containing the saliva and bacteria of two orthodontic patients. After 72 hours, the amounts of aerobe and anaerobe bacteria were determined by counting the colony-forming units (CFU). The CFU ratio (aerobe/anaerobe) also was calculated, and the black pigmented bacteria were analyzed. Results: Significant differences between the different bracket types in terms of biofilm formation were found. Bracket types can be arbitrarily divided into low, intermediate, and high plaque-retaining brackets. The group with low adhesion consists of bracket types E, F, and G; the group with high adhesion of bracket types A, B, and C; and type D exhibits intermediate adhesion. The group with high microbial adhesion (A, B, and C) did present significantly lower CFU ratios (aerobe/anaerobe) than were exhibited by the other bracket systems (P &lt; .05). Conclusion: The hypothesis is accepted. Orthodontic brackets serve as different loci for biofilm formation; in this in vitro study, significant differences were noted between the different types of brackets.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Study of the Effect of Viburnum opulus Extracts on Key Processes in the Development of Staphylococcal Infections

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1758
Author(s):  
Urszula Wójcik-Bojek ◽  
Joanna Rywaniak ◽  
Przemysław Bernat ◽  
Anna Podsędek ◽  
Dominika Kajszczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Protein A ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Staphylococcal Protein A ◽  
Viburnum Opulus ◽  
Staphylococcal Infections ◽  
Diet Supplements ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Staphylococcus aureus is still one of the leading causes of both hospital- and community-acquired infections. Due to the very high percentage of drug-resistant strains, the participation of drug-tolerant biofilms in pathological changes, and thus the limited number of effective antibiotics, there is an urgent need to search for alternative methods of prevention or treatment for S. aureus infections. In the present study, biochemically characterized (HPLC/UPLC–QTOF–MS) acetonic, ethanolic, and water extracts from fruits and bark of Viburnum opulus L. were tested in vitro as diet additives that potentially prevent staphylococcal infections. The impacts of V. opulus extracts on sortase A (SrtA) activity (Fluorimetric Assay), staphylococcal protein A (SpA) expression (FITC-labelled specific antibodies), the lipid composition of bacterial cell membranes (LC-MS/MS, GC/MS), and biofilm formation (LIVE/DEAD BacLight) were assessed. The cytotoxicity of V. opulus extracts to the human fibroblast line HFF-1 was also tested (MTT reduction). V. opulus extracts strongly inhibited SrtA activity and SpA expression, caused modifications of S. aureus cell membrane, limited biofilm formation by staphylococci, and were non-cytotoxic. Therefore, they have pro-health potential. Nevertheless, their usefulness as diet supplements that are beneficial for the prevention of staphylococcal infections should be confirmed in animal models in the future.

scholarly journals Effect of Cavity Disinfectants on Adhesion to Primary Teeth—A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4398
Author(s):  
Ana Coelho ◽  
Inês Amaro ◽  
Ana Apolónio ◽  
Anabela Paula ◽  
José Saraiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Promising Alternative

Some authors have been proposing the use of cavity disinfectants in order to reduce, or even eliminate, the effect of the microorganisms present in a dental cavity before a restoration is placed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different cavity disinfectants on bond strength and clinical success of composite and glass ionomer restorations on primary teeth. The research was conducted using Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science for articles published up to February 2021. The search was performed according to the PICO strategy. The evaluation of the methodological quality of each in vitro study was assessed using the CONSORT checklist for reporting in vitro studies on dental materials. Sixteen in vitro studies and one in situ study fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Chlorhexidine was the most studied cavity disinfectant, and its use does not compromise dentin bonding. Sodium hypochlorite is a promising alternative, but more research on its use is required to clearly state that it can safely be used as a cavity disinfectant for primary teeth. Although other disinfectants were studied, there is a low-level evidence attesting their effects on adhesion, therefore their use should be avoided.

scholarly journals SEM Analysis of Enamel Abrasion after Air Polishing Treatment with Erythritol, Glycine and Sodium Bicarbonate

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Sinjari ◽  
Gianmaria D’Addazio ◽  
Martina Bozzi ◽  
Manlio Santilli ◽  
Tonino Traini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Air Polishing ◽  
And Control

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the enamel surface topography after treatment with three air polishing powders: Glycine (A), erythritol (B), and sodium bicarbonate (C) (Air Flow Soft, Plus and Classic powders, EMS Electro Medical Systems S.A., Nyon, Switzerland). Fifteen extracted incisors were randomly divided into three groups of five teeth each, A, B and C, respectively. The teeth were blocked in plaster bases, washed, dried and half-covered with polytetrafluoroethylene strips before treatment. In this way, each half-treated dental element became test and control of itself. Comparative statistical analysis of Rq (geometric average of the deviations occurring in roughness profile) was performed. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed different degrees of surface roughness between the groups, decreasing after treatment. In addition, a statistically significant reduction p < 0.05 was present in group C (Rq mean non-treated 108.17 µm, 95% CI: 97.29–124.01 and Rq mean treated 86.78 µm, 95% CI: 80.63–93.70). A decrease in surface roughness post-treatment was not observed in group A and B. Therefore, it may be concluded that the air flow powders tested herein can be used on dental enamel to reduce the surface roughness due to function and the action of dental therapies.

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