scholarly journals Wildlife Trade Influencing Natural Parrot Populations on a Biodiverse Indonesian Island

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Dudi Nandika ◽  
Dwi Agustina ◽  
Robert Heinsohn ◽  
George Olah
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
Fixed Radius ◽  
Parrot Species ◽  
Multiple Species

Indonesia has been identified as the highest priority country for parrot conservation based on the number of species, endemics, and threats (trapping and smuggling). It is crucial to understand the current population status of parrots in the wild in relation to the illegal wildlife trade but the ecology and population dynamics of most parrot species in this region remain poorly understood. We conducted a parrot survey around an area of high biodiversity in the Manusela National Park, in Seram Island, Indonesia. We used a combination of fixed-radius point counts and fixed-width line transects to count multiple species of parrots. We recorded nearly 530 wild parrots from 10 species in and around Manusela National Park. The dominant parrot species were Eos bornea, Trichoglosus haematodus, and Geoffroyus geoffroyi. We applied the Savage selectivity index to evaluate poaching of parrot species in proportion to their abundance and which species had higher than expected poaching pressure. This study has important implications for the conservation status of endemic parrots (Cacatua moluccensis, Lorius domicella, and Eos semilarvata) and shows that parrots in the Manusela NP are largely threatened by poaching.

scholarly journals The illegal pet trade is driving Madagascar's ploughshare tortoise to extinction

Oryx ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo R. Mandimbihasina ◽  
Lance G. Woolaver ◽  
Lianne E. Concannon ◽  
E. J. Milner-Gulland ◽  
Richard E. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Restricted Range ◽  
Pet Trade ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
North Western

AbstractThe illegal wildlife trade is driving declines in populations of a number of large, charismatic animal species but also many lesser known and restricted-range species, some of which are now facing extinction as a result. The ploughshare tortoise Astrochelys yniphora, endemic to the Baly Bay National Park of north-western Madagascar, is affected by poaching for the international illegal pet trade. To quantify this, we estimated population trends during 2006–2015, using distance sampling surveys along line transects, and recorded national and international confiscations of trafficked tortoises for 2002–2016. The results suggest the ploughshare tortoise population declined > 50% during this period, to c. 500 adults and subadults in 2014–2015. Prior to 2006 very few tortoises were seized either in Madagascar or internationally but confiscations increased sharply from 2010. Since 2015 poaching has intensified, with field reports suggesting that two of the four subpopulations are extinct, leaving an unknown but almost certainly perilously low number of adult tortoises in the wild. This study has produced the first reliable population estimate of the ploughshare tortoise and shows that the species has declined rapidly because of poaching for the international pet trade. There is an urgent need for increased action both in Madagascar and along international trade routes if the extinction of the ploughshare tortoise in the wild is to be prevented.

scholarly journals Population densities and conservation status of Norfolk Island forest birds

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUY DUTSON
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Line Transects

SummaryThree weeks of intensive surveys in Norfolk Island National Park in 2009 failed to find White-chested White-eye Zosterops albogularis and it was calculated that there was a less than 17% probability that a population of 10 birds had been overlooked. The last multi-observer record of this species was in 1978, and it is recommended that the species’ IUCN Red List status of “Critically Endangered” is tagged as “Possibly Extinct”. During these surveys, the population densities of seven bird species were calculated from 352 independent point counts. Causes of imprecision and bias were investigated, suggesting a small underestimation. Other species were recorded too infrequently, or their distributions were too biased, for analysis. The population densities of the extant endemic taxa were relatively high and suggest no current declines, and the population estimates were consistent with previous studies. This study recommends monitoring most species by point counts, or line transects if resources are limited, supplemented with specific monitoring of Tasman (Norfolk Island) Parakeet Cyanoramphus cookii, Pacific Robin Petroica multicolor, Southern Boobook Ninox novaeseelandiae and seabirds. Ongoing monitoring of these birds is needed to help inform management of the National Park and the island in general, given their small population sizes and their likely susceptibility to rat and cat predation, competition from alien species and drought.

scholarly journals Population status of endemic tree kokoleceran (Vatica bantamensis) in Ujung Kulon National Park, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-302
Author(s):  
IYAN ROBIANSYAH ◽  
DODO DODO ◽  
ARIEF HAMIDI
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Threatened Plants ◽  
Area Of Occupancy ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Robiansyah I, Dodo, Hamidi A. 2019. Population status of endemic tree kokoleceran (Vatica bantamensis) in Ujung Kulon National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 296-302. Kokoleceran (Vatica bantamensis) is an endemic tree found only in Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP), Banten, Indonesia, and is classified as Endangered by IUCN Red List. To develop effective conservation measures of threatened plants, current information on population status and distribution of the species is needed. Thus in the present study, a targeted survey of kokoleceran was conducted in UKNP aiming at mapping the distribution of the species, measuring current population size and structure, assessing the habitat preferences, and identifying threats to the species. Using a non-random adaptive cluster sampling, a total of 27 clusters harboring 280 individuals of kokoleceran was located, of which 20 % were in mature stage. All these individuals were only found in Mount Payung and its surrounding areas, and formed an inverse-J-shaped population structure pattern. The species was estimated to have an area of occupancy and extent of occurrence of 8 km2. The invasive langkap palm (Arenga obtusifolia, Arecaceae) was identified as the main threat for kokoleceran. Based on these results, kokoleceran appears to more than justify its conservation status of Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v) +2ab(iii,v); C2a(ii).

scholarly journals Conservation status of the Endangered Nubian dragon tree Dracaena ombet in Gebel Elba National Park, Egypt

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kamel ◽  
U. M. Ghazaly ◽  
M. W. Callmander
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
National Park ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Dracaena Ombet ◽  
Conservation Action Plan

AbstractThe Nubian dragon tree Dracaena ombet, which is categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, is found on the highest slopes of Gebel Elba National Park in Egypt, with scattered populations in Sudan, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Somalia. The Gebel Elba population is threatened by drought. Surveys were conducted in the Park to assess the condition and document the distribution of the species to prepare a baseline for conservation efforts. Eight sites were surveyed during 2007–2009: trees were tagged and their locations were recorded using a global positioning system, and tree density, diameter at breast height and population status were estimated. Of 353 trees recorded only 46% (161 individuals) were alive and only 27% (96 individuals) were in a healthy condition. Only 1% (2 individuals) were young trees, indicating a low regeneration level. Field-based observations suggest that 80% of the D. ombet population in Gebel Elba may soon be extinct. A conservation action plan is needed for this flagship species in Egypt and throughout its range.

scholarly journals Current population status of the endangered Hog Deer Axis porcinus (Mammalia: Cetartiodactyla: Cervidae) in the Terai grasslands: a study following political unrest in Manas National Park, India ­

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 14655-14662
Author(s):  
Alolika Sinha ◽  
Bibhuti Prasad Lahkar ◽  
Syed Ainul Hussain
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Illegal Hunting ◽  
Current Population ◽  
Line Transects

The Endangered Hog Deer Axis porcinus has experienced drastic population declines throughout its geographical range.  There is limited knowledge of its current population status, particularly from northeastern India.  In this study the population density of Hog Deer was assessed in Manas National Park, which was a deer stronghold prior to the armed conflict that lasted for almost two decades, resulting in depressed deer populations.  With the cessation of conflict, efforts were invested by both government and conservation organisations for the recovery and conservation of charismatic fauna in the park.  Studies on Hog Deer populations, however, were lacking and thus reliable information on current status is unavailable.  Current population status and threats faced by Hog Deer were assessed to aid informed conservation decisions.  Distance sampling techniques (line transects) were applied in the grassland habitat during the dry season of two consecutive years.  The estimated Hog Deer density was 18.22±3.32 km-2.  The potential threats to Hog Deer identified in Manas include habitat loss, habitat degradation due to spread of invasive plant species, illegal hunting, and other anthropogenic disturbances.  Our study suggests that the Hog Deer population, though reviving, needs immediate conservation attention.

scholarly journals Conservation status assessment and new population record of the threatened Golden Himalayan Spike Phlomoides superba (Royle ex Benth.) Kamelin & Makhm. from Jammu & Kashmir, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 10089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Srivastava ◽  
Yash Pal Sharma ◽  
O.P. Sharma Vidyarthi ◽  
Sunil Kumar Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Population Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Status Assessment

This paper deals with distribution and conservation status of the Golden Himalayan Spike Phlomoides superba (Royle ex Benth.) Kamelin & Makhm. (syn. Eremostachys superba Royle ex Benth.), an endangered herb in India. A new locality report from Jammu & Kashmir along with population status in previously reported localities of occurrence of this species is also provided. Since the species is reported from a very few localities in India and is facing critical threats in the wild, the addition of a new locality holds significance in terms of its declining population status.

scholarly journals Reassessment of the distribution and population size of Spizella wortheni

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-461
Author(s):  
LAURA M. SCOTT-MORALES ◽  
PATRICIA VELA-COIFFIER ◽  
MAURICIO COTERA-CORREA ◽  
MIRNA ALMEJO-RAMOS ◽  
JULIO CANALES-DELGADILLO
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
The Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Line Transects

SummaryInformation deficit constrains our capacity to assess the status of threatened species in regional and global contexts. In this study of the endangered Worthen’s Sparrow Spizella wortheni, we first review its current and potential distribution using the species distribution software, Maxent. An initial basic model was constructed using historical records, and used to guide a subsequent search for additional populations in summer 2013. Using the information gathered from our survey, we built a second, breeding model, to update the current and potential species distribution. Population size was estimated using line transects of variable length to count singing males and calculate densities per 10 ha. We found 10 new small reproductive populations dispersed south of the established core area, increasing the extent of occurrence of the species from 25 km2 to almost 17,000 km2. Suitable habitat across the species’ range was more than threefold higher in the breeding compared with the basic model. We counted 316 males, with a mean density of four individuals per 10 ha. Our results demonstrate that conservation assessment based on limited records can exaggerate the vulnerability of species, and confirm that the Worthen’s Sparrow population and geographic distribution range are larger than previously determined, indicating that the Red List status of this species should be reconsidered. The use of niche models was successful in enhancing species information data quantity (e.g. range extensions) and quality (e.g. more precise habitat requirements), facilitating improved understanding of needs and conservation status in the wild.

scholarly journals Population status and conservation of bats (Chiroptera) in Kenting National Park, Taiwan

Oryx ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna J. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Population Breeding ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
The Common ◽  
Horseshoe Bat ◽  
Kenting National Park

This paper presents the results of field work conducted between 1994 and 1996 to establish the occurrence, and population, breeding and conservation status of bats in and around Kenting National Park, southern Taiwan. Of the 20 bat species that occur in Taiwan, Kenting National Park and its vicinity harbour eight species; three are endemic to Taiwan and two are endemic subspecies. Six of the eight species roost in natural caves and man-made tunnels. Two species of forest bats were captured during mist-netting. The most predominant species were the horseshoe bat Rhinolophus monoceros and the common bent-winged bat Miniopterus schreibersii. The major threat for the cave-dwelling bats around Kenting is the closure of cave entrances by farmers. Recommendations are given for conserving the bats and their habitats in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Macroscopic Fungi Exploration in Batang Gadis National Park Resort 7 Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-151
Author(s):  
Sri Mariani Siagian ◽  
Husnarika Febriani ◽  
Melfa Aisyah Hutasuhut
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Area 7 ◽  
Lentinus Tigrinus ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
Stereum Hirsutum ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
North Sumatra

Introduction: Macroscopic fungi are simple plants that are often found growing wild in the wild. This study aims to determine the types of macroscopic fungi, to recognize the beneficial and harmful macroscopic fungi in Batang Gadis National Park Resort Area 7. Materials and Methods: A descriptive survey method with deliberate sampling using line transects, namely using a plot with a size of 20 m x 20 m as many as 36 plots and the distance of each plot is 10 m. Results: Found in 32 types of macroscopic fungi were obtained which belong to 11 families, such as: Polyporaceae, Ganodermatacea, Marasmiaceae, Stereaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Amanitaceae, Tricholomataceae, Russulaceae, Auriculariaceae, Sparassidaceae, and Psathyellaceae. The diversity index (H') of macroscopic fungi was 2.92 (medium). There are three types of macroscopic fungi that are consumed by the human in Sopotinjak Village as food and traditional medicine, and seven types that are not consumed because they contain toxins. There are 22 other species, namely Trametes cimulata, Lentinus tigrinus (Bull) Fr, Polyporus sp., Hygrophorus psittacinus, Trymyces sp., Hygrophorus aurantica (Wulfen), Polyporus sp.2, Collybia sp., Russula sp., Trametes sp.1, Ganoderma sp, Trametes sp.2, Stereum sp., Lignosus rhinocerus, Trametes versicolor (L), Trametes sp.3, Sparasis crispa (Wulfen), Hygrocybe conica (Schaeff), Polyporus sp.3, Trametes sp.4, Stereum hirsutum (Willd) Gray, Microporus xanthopus (Fr) Kuntze, and Tametes sp.5.

Population status of the Southwest China Serow Capricornis milneedwardsii: A case study in Cat Ba Archipelago, Vietnam.

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phan Duy Thuc ◽  
Greg Baxter ◽  
Carl Smith ◽  
Dao Ngoc Hieu
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Isolated Population ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Holistic View

The Southwest China Serow is a browsing caprine that, although found in Myanmar, Cambodia, northern Thailand, Laos, central and southwest China and Vietnam, is listed as near threatened and is in decline throughout its range. This animal also lives in an isolated population on the Cat Ba Archipelago in northern Vietnam. Anecdotal reports suggest that it is declining rapidly in that location and there is little chance that natural immigration will sustain the population. This study applied a systematic approach to provide a holistic view of conservation status of the Southwest China Serow in its range and determine the number of serow that may currently live in Cat Ba national park, and to quantify the factors that affect its distribution. There are no estimates of the population size and status of the Southwest China Serow over its range so far. A comprehensive census survey was initially conducted in Cat Ba Archipelago. Only 26–28 serows were found in the archipelago and these were clustered close to ranger stations and further from villages as a result of high hunting pressure. This suggests that poaching is an important determinant of the distribution and survival of this species on Cat Ba Archipelago. It also supports the deployment of more rangers to protect the remaining serows from hunting. These findings also suggest it is necessary to improve farming practices for local people through financial and technical support so they have no need to exploit wild serows. Key words: Cat Ba Archipelago, conservation planning, isolated population, karst landscape, poaching, population status, threatened species, Vietnam.

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