scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Oral Fluids Biomarker Profile to Determine the Current and Future Status of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 838
Author(s):  
Sarhang S. Gul ◽  
Ali A. Abdulkareem ◽  
Aram M. Sha ◽  
Andrew Rawlinson
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Active Matrix ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Periodontal Risk ◽  
The Impact

Severe periodontitis is ranked as the sixth most prevalent disease affecting humankind, with an estimated 740 million people affected worldwide. The diagnosis of periodontal diseases mainly relies upon assessment of conventional clinical parameters. However, these parameters reflect past, rather than current, clinical status or future disease progression and, likely, outcome of periodontal treatment. Specific and sensitive biomarkers for periodontal diseases have been examined widely to address these issues and some biomarkers have been translated as point-of-care (PoC) tests. The aim of this review was to provide an update on PoC tests for use in the diagnosis and management of periodontal diseases. Among the PoC tests developed so far, active matrix metalloproteinase-8 has shown promising results in terms of diagnostic and prognostic values. However, further studies are required to increase the sensitivity and specificity via combining more than one biomarker and merging these test kits with periodontal risk assessment tools. Furthermore, the validity of these test kits needs to be investigated by applying the results in further independent studies and the impact on these test kits’, together with the results of risk factors for periodontal diseases, such as diabetes and smoking, also needs to be examined.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON STORM SURGE RISKS TO CONTAINERS CONSIDERING GLOBAL WARMING

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikito Hisamatsu ◽  
Rikito Hisamatsu ◽  
Kei Horie ◽  
Kei Horie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Inundation Depth ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Maps ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vulnerability Functions

Container yards tend to be located along waterfronts that are exposed to high risk of storm surges. However, risk assessment tools such as vulnerability functions and risk maps for containers have not been sufficiently developed. In addition, damage due to storm surges is expected to increase owing to global warming. This paper aims to assess storm surge impact due to global warming for containers located at three major bays in Japan. First, we developed vulnerability functions for containers against storm surges using an engineering approach. Second, we simulated storm surges at three major bays using the SuWAT model and taking global warming into account. Finally, we developed storm surge risk maps for containers based on current and future situations using the vulnerability function and simulated inundation depth. As a result, we revealed the impact of global warming on storm surge risks for containers quantitatively.

scholarly journals Active MMP-8 (aMMP-8) as a Grading and Staging Biomarker in the Periodontitis Classification

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Sorsa ◽  
Saeed Alassiri ◽  
Andreas Grigoriadis ◽  
Ismo T. Räisänen ◽  
Pirjo Pärnänen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Bleeding On Probing ◽  
Active Matrix ◽  
Spearman's Rho ◽  
Periodontal Breakdown ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Spearman’S Rho ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Post Hoc

The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of incorporating active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) as a biomarker into the new periodontitis classification system (stage/grade) presented in 2018. This study included 150 Greek adults aged 25–78, of whom 74 were men and 76 women. Participants were tested with an aMMP-8 point-of-care mouthrinse test, after which a full-mouth clinical examination was performed to assess their periodontal and oral health. The aMMP-8 levels in mouthrinse were significantly lower among healthy patients compared with patients in more severe periodontitis stages and grades (Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn–Bonferroni test for pairwise post-hoc comparisons; p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, aMMP-8 levels were less correlated with plaque levels than bleeding on probing (BOP) (Spearman’s rho = 0.269, p < 0.001; Spearman’s rho = 0.586, p < 0.001); respectively). Thus, aMMP-8 was more robust to the confounding effects of oral hygiene than traditional periodontal parameter bleeding on probing. The aMMP-8 point-of-care mouthrinse test can be utilized as an adjunctive and preventive diagnostic tool to identify periodontal disease, classified by stage and grade, and ongoing periodontal breakdown chairside in clinical practice in only 5 min. Overall, integrating aMMP-8 into the new periodontitis classification system seems beneficial.

Principles and practices of risk assessment in mental health jail diversion programs

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-603
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Desmarais ◽  
Evan M. Lowder
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
The Body ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Diversion Programs ◽  
Jail Diversion ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
The Impact

Eligibility criteria for participation in mental health jail diversion programs often specify that, to be diverted, a candidate must not pose a level of threat to public safety that cannot be managed in the community. Risk assessment tools were developed to increase consistency and accuracy in estimates of threat to public safety. Consequently, risk assessment tools are being used in many jurisdictions to inform decisions regarding an individual’s appropriateness and eligibility for mental health jail diversion and the strategies that may be successful in mitigating risk in this context. However, their use is not without controversy. Questions have been raised regarding the validity and equity of their estimates, as well as the impact of their use on criminal justice outcomes. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the science and practice of risk assessment to inform decisions and case planning in the context of mental health jail diversion programs. Our specific aims include: (1) to describe the process and components of risk assessment, including differentiating between different approaches to risk assessment, and (2) to consider the use of risk assessment tools in mental health jail diversion programs. We anchor this review in relevant theory and extant research, noting current controversies or debates and areas for future research. Overall, there is strong theoretical justification and empirical evidence from other criminal justice contexts; however, the body of research on the use of risk assessment tools in mental health jail diversion programs, although promising, is relatively nascent.

scholarly journals Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Bone Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray ◽  
Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
Structural Levels ◽  
The Impact

Long-term exposure to a diabetic environment leads to changes in bone metabolism and impaired bone micro-architecture through a variety of mechanisms on molecular and structural levels. These changes predispose the bone to an increased fracture risk and impaired osseus healing. In a clinical practice, adequate control of diabetes mellitus is essential for preventing detrimental effects on bone health. Alternative fracture risk assessment tools may be needed to accurately determine fracture risk in patients living with diabetes mellitus. Currently, there is no conclusive model explaining the mechanism of action of diabetes mellitus on bone health, particularly in view of progenitor cells. In this review, the best available literature on the impact of diabetes mellitus on bone health in vitro and in vivo is summarised with an emphasis on future translational research opportunities in this field.

Health Effects of Pesticides on Pregnant Women and Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 272-295
Author(s):  
Mudasir Youssouf ◽  
Arun Kalia ◽  
Zahid Nabi ◽  
Zubair A. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Disease Vectors ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Impact Of Pesticides

Pesticides, along with hybrid seeds and fertilizers, are an integral part of the green revolution and are used to control and eradicate disease vectors for the improvement of agricultural production. Pesticides is an umbrella term for insecticides, nematocides, fungicides, herbicides, fumigants, repellents, and attractants. Pesticides are used against unwanted plants and animals to control diseases and losses. Efforts at different levels may help to reduce the impact of pesticides on newborn babies and on pregnant women. Different efforts can be considered at clinical, educational, and policymaking institutes. Use of risk assessment tools, encouragement of organic diets, educating parents working in agricultural fields from hazards of pesticides particularly in pregnancy and breast feeding, implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) programs, and encouraging policies supporting IPM can help in tackling the menace of pesticide hazards.

scholarly journals Target, Audit and Risk Assessment Cultures in the Probation Service

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Probation Service ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future

This article traces the rise of managerialism in the probation service in England and Wales before exploring the impact of these changes through reference to in-depth observation and interviews in probation. The article considers how national standards affect practice; how audits feature and their impact on accountability; and how the use of risk assessment tools are perceived and resisted in two probation teams in England Wales. The article then turns to changes implemented by the Coalition Government and highlights some tensions between managerialist occupational cultures in probation and what might occur in the near future.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON STORM SURGE RISKS TO CONTAINERS CONSIDERING GLOBAL WARMING

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikito Hisamatsu ◽  
Rikito Hisamatsu ◽  
Kei Horie ◽  
Kei Horie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Inundation Depth ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Maps ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vulnerability Functions

Container yards tend to be located along waterfronts that are exposed to high risk of storm surges. However, risk assessment tools such as vulnerability functions and risk maps for containers have not been sufficiently developed. In addition, damage due to storm surges is expected to increase owing to global warming. This paper aims to assess storm surge impact due to global warming for containers located at three major bays in Japan. First, we developed vulnerability functions for containers against storm surges using an engineering approach. Second, we simulated storm surges at three major bays using the SuWAT model and taking global warming into account. Finally, we developed storm surge risk maps for containers based on current and future situations using the vulnerability function and simulated inundation depth. As a result, we revealed the impact of global warming on storm surge risks for containers quantitatively.

Health Effects of Pesticides on Pregnant Women and Children

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Mudasir Youssouf ◽  
Arun Kalia ◽  
Zahid Nabi ◽  
Zubair A. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Disease Vectors ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Impact Of Pesticides

Pesticides, along with hybrid seeds and fertilizers, are an integral part of the green revolution and are used to control and eradicate disease vectors for the improvement of agricultural production. Pesticides is an umbrella term for insecticides, nematocides, fungicides, herbicides, fumigants, repellents, and attractants. Pesticides are used against unwanted plants and animals to control diseases and losses. Efforts at different levels may help to reduce the impact of pesticides on newborn babies and on pregnant women. Different efforts can be considered at clinical, educational, and policymaking institutes. Use of risk assessment tools, encouragement of organic diets, educating parents working in agricultural fields from hazards of pesticides particularly in pregnancy and breast feeding, implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) programs, and encouraging policies supporting IPM can help in tackling the menace of pesticide hazards.

scholarly journals Reducing aggressive behaviour and staff injuries: a multi-strategy approach

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Meehan ◽  
Kevin Fjeldsoe ◽  
Terry Stedman ◽  
Vasanthi Duraiappah
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Staff Support ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Aggression Management ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Individual Strategies ◽  
Combined Impact ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a multistrategy approach on the management of patient aggression and staff injury rates at a stand-alone mental health facility. Methods: A multi-strategy aggression management program was developed and introduced over a 2-year period. The program had four components; staff education/training, a staff support program, risk assessment tools, and a computerised incident monitoring system. Aggressive incidents by patients, staff injuries due to patient aggression and compensation payments to staff for the 2-year period before implementation of the aggression management program were compared with the 3- year period following implementation of the program. Results: There was a significant decrease in the number of staff injuries reported in the 3-year period following the implementation of the aggression management program. Although the number of aggressive incidents reported did decrease over the study period, the decrease was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Despite the increasing acuity of the clients at the study facility, there was a significant decrease in staff injuries due to aggressive behaviour. The strategies implemented seem to offset the potential for violence. It is likely that the combined impact of the strategies is greater than the impact of individual strategies implemented consecutively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document