scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Endoscopic Ultrasound after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer Restaging: A Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test

Diagnostics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Victor Mihai Sacerdotianu ◽  
Bogdan Silviu Ungureanu ◽  
Sevastita Iordache ◽  
Adina Turcu-Stiolica ◽  
Antonio Facciorusso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) after neoadjuvant therapy (NT) for gastric cancer restaging by meta-analysis. We conducted a systematic search of studies published on PubMed and Web of Science up to 30th August 2021. Assessing the risk of bias in the included studies was done with the QUADAS-2 tool. We used R and Review Manager 5.4.1 for calculations and statistical analysis. To evaluate the diagnostic value of EUS after NT for gastric cancer restaging, we performed a meta-analysis on six studies, with a total of 283 patients, including true-positive, true-negative, false-positive, and false-negative results for T1-T4, N0. EUS as a diagnostic test for GC patients after chemotherapy has a relatively low DOR for the T2 (3.96) and T4 stages (4.79) and a relatively high partial AUC for the T2 (0.85) and T4 (0.71) stages. Our results reveal that the pooled sensitivity for T stages after chemotherapy is rather low (29–56%), except for the T3 stage (71%). A potential limitation of our study was the small number of included studies, but no significant heterogeneity was found between them. Our meta-analysis concludes that EUS is not recommended or is still under debate for GC restaging after NT.

S235 – Diagnostic Test Validation: CHAMP in Endolymphatic Hydrops

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P154-P154
Author(s):  
Eveling Y Rojas ◽  
Leonardo Ordoñez ◽  
Victor Hernandez ◽  
Jose E Guzman ◽  
Juan Izquierdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Endolymphatic Hydrops ◽  
False Negative ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives The Cochlear Hydrops Analysis Masking Procedure (CHAMP) has been reported with a high sensibility and specificity for the diagnosis of endolymphatic hydrops (ELH). Nevertheless, a complete validation of CHAMP with precise methods has not been done. Our objectives: To determine whether CHAMP has a diagnostic value in patients with definite, probable/possible diagnosis of Meniere's disease or endolymphatic hydrops, based on the criteria of the AAO-HNS. Methods Prospective validation study for a diagnostic test: phase II. Latency of wave V was assessed using CHAMP. We classified subjects in 5 groups: 1-Definite ELH, 2-Probable ELH, 3-Possible ELH, 4-subjects with other otovestibular symptoms, 5-normal hearing subjects. We included cases (groups 1–4) with an episode of vertigo with duration equal or longer than 20 minutes, with or without other otovestibular symptoms. Results We included 67 cases (132 ears). 38 cases (76 ears) completed the follow up and their results are presented. In group 1, the sensibility of CHAMP was 43% and its specificity was 100%. In groups 2–3, the sensitivity was 20% and the specificity 100%, with 0% false positive and 80% false negative results. Other indicators of validity for this diagnostic test are presented. Conclusions CHAMP has a high specificity and low sensibility for the diagnosis of ELH when the delay in wave V latency is used. Future studies may assess the relationship between wave amplitudes to improve the clinical value of CHAMP.

The role of serum periostin in the diagnosis of asthma: A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Lei Yang ◽  
Qingtao Zhao ◽  
Shuyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarker ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Serum Periostin

Background: Serum periostin has been proposed as a noninvasive biomarker for asthma diagnosis and management. However, its accuracy for the diagnosis of asthma in different populations is not completely clear. Methods: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of periostin level in the clinical determination of asthma. Several medical literature data bases were searched for relevant studies through December 1, 2019. The numbers of patients with true-positive, false-positive, false-negative, and true-negative results for the periostin level were extracted from each individual study. We assessed the risk of bias by using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2. We used the meta-analysis to produce summary estimates of accuracy. Results: In total, nine studies with 1757 subjects met the inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios for the detection of asthma were 0.58 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38‐0.76), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.74‐0.93), and 8.28 (95% CI, 3.67‐18.68), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.79‐0.85). And significant publication bias was found in this meta‐analysis (p = 0.39). Conclusion: Serum periostin may be used for the diagnosis of asthma, with moderate diagnostic accuracy.

FDG PET/CT and N0 mediastinal nodal status in early stage non-small cell lung cancer: A single institution retrospective experience.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11570-11570
Author(s):  
Shashank Reddy Cingam ◽  
Sean Connor ◽  
Abhishek Harshad Patel ◽  
Samip R. Master ◽  
Amol Takalkar
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Nodal Involvement ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Early Stage Nsclc ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

11570 Background: The increasing use of CT and now low-dose screening CT scans for at-risk patients have led to increasing detection of lung cancer at early stages. FDG PET/CT is used as an adjunct to conventional imaging to assess loco-regional lymph node spread. However, there is a potential for false-negative results, especially in smaller lesions or early nodal involvement. The main objective of this study was to study the value of PET/CT scan to evaluate for true negative mediastinal nodes in patients with early stage NSCLC. Accurate determination of N0 status can have a significant impact on the cost-effectiveness and timely management of early stage NSCLC. Methods: Of a total of 404 patients with NSCLC managed at our facility between 2008 to 2015, 29 adult patients whose PET scan showed no or equivocal mediastinal nodal involvement and subsequently underwent surgical exploration of mediastinal lymph nodes were included in the study. Data variables that were collected included the cancer site, date of PET, node status on PET, type and date of surgery, cancer histology, and the tissue diagnosis of the sampled nodes. SAS software was used for the analysis of the data. Results: Of the 29 patients with N0 or equivocal nodes on FDG PET/CT, 7 (24.13%) had evidence of malignancy on biopsy of the surgically resected lymph nodes. No statistically significant differences were noted between the site of the neoplastic lesion, cancer histology, duration between the date of PET and the date of surgery in the true negative (TN) and false negative (FN) groups. The recurrence rate was higher in the FN group 60 % (3/5) compared to 21 % (4/19) in the TN group who had follow up for atleast 2 years. Conclusions: Our findings suggest incidence of false negative results of FDG PET/CT for evaluation of N0 nodes in early stage NSCLC is 24.13%. This is comparatively higher than false negatives rates with mediastinoscopy (5-10%) reported in other studies. Although our sample size is small, if confirmed, such a relatively high incidence of false negative results on FDG PET/CT for N0 disease supports the current recommendations for exploratory mediastinoscopy and/or surgery for definitive staging in early stage NSCLC.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to diagnose human leptospirosis: a meta-analysis of the published literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. SIGNORINI ◽  
J. LOTTERSBERGER ◽  
H. D. TARABLA ◽  
N. B. VANASCO
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Stage Of Disease ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
False Negative Results

SUMMARYWe report an evaluation of the accuracy of ELISA for the detection ofLeptospira-specific antibodies in humans. Eighty-eight studies published in 35 articles met all inclusion criteria and were submitted to meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0·779 (95% CI 0·770–0·789) and 0·913 (95% CI 0·908–0·917), respectively, and the area under the curve was 0·964. Heterogeneity across studies was statistically significant, but none of the sources of heterogeneity (disease stage, antigen used, antibody detected) could fully explain this finding. Although the convalescent stage of disease was significantly associated with higher diagnostic accuracy, IgM ELISA was the best choice, regardless of the stage of disease. Negative ELISAs (IgG or IgM) applied in the acute phase do not rule out leptospirosis due to the possibility of false-negative results. In this case it is advisable to request a second blood sample or to apply a direct method for leptospiral DNA.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Antigen Test Kits for Detecting SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 17,171 Suspected COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3493
Author(s):  
Shahad Saif Khandker ◽  
Nik Haszroel Hysham Nik Hashim ◽  
Zakuan Zainy Deris ◽  
Rafidah Hanim Shueb ◽  
Md Asiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Set Up

Early diagnosis is still as crucial as the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. As RT-PCR sometimes is not feasible in developing nations or rural areas, health professionals may use a rapid antigen test (RAT) to lessen the load of diagnosis. However, the efficacy of RAT is yet to be investigated thoroughly. Hence, we tried to evaluate the overall performance of RAT in SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Based on our PROSPERO registered protocol (CRD42021231432), we searched online databases (i.e., PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science) and analysed overall pooled specificity and sensitivity of RAT along with study quality, publication bias, heterogeneity and more. The overall pooled specificity and sensitivity of RAT were detected as 99.4% (95% CI: 99.1–99.8; I2 = 90%) and 68.4% (95% CI: 60.8–75.9; I2 = 98%), respectively. In subgroup analyses, nasopharyngeal specimens and symptomatic patient’s samples were more sensitive in RAT, while cycle threshold (Ct) values were found to have an inverse relationship with sensitivity. In the European and American populations, RAT showed better performance. Although the sensitivity of RAT is yet to be improved, it could still be an alternative in places with poor laboratory set up. Nevertheless, the negative samples of RAT can be re-tested using RT-PCR to reduce false negative results.

scholarly journals The T2-FLAIR Mismatch Sign as an Imaging Indicator of IDH-Mutant, 1p/19q Non-Codeleted Lower Grade Gliomas: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Accuracy Meta-Analysis

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1620
Author(s):  
Antonis Adamou ◽  
Eleftherios T. Beltsios ◽  
Panagiotis Papanagiotou
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
The Brain

The study’s objective was the evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign in terms of diagnosing IDH-mutant non-codeleted (IDHmut-Noncodel) lower grade gliomas (LGG) of the brain. We searched the MEDLINE, Scopus and Cochrane Central databases. The last database search was performed on 12 April 2021. Studies that met the following were included: MRI scan assessing the presence of T2-FLAIR mismatch sign, and available IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion status. The quality of studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Twelve studies involving 14 cohorts were included in the quantitative analysis. The diagnostic odds ratio [DOR (95% confidence interval; CI)] was estimated at 34.42 (20.95, 56.56), Pz < 0.01. Pooled sensitivity and specificity (95% CI) were estimated at 40% (31–50%; Pz = 0.05) and 97% (93–99%; Pz < 0.01), respectively. The likelihood ratio (LR; 95% CI) for a positive test was 11.39 (6.10, 21.29; Pz < 0.01) and the LR (95% CI) for a negative test was 0.40 (0.24, 0.65; Pz < 0.01).The T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is a highly specific biomarker for the diagnosis of IDHmut-Noncodel LGGs. However, the test was found positive in some other tumors and had a high number of false negative results. The diagnostic accuracy of the mismatch sign might be improved when combined with further imaging parameters.

Assessing adrenocortical activity by determining levels of urinary free cortisol and urinary 6β-hydroxycortisol

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Nakamura ◽  
Minoru Yakata
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Urinary Free Cortisol ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Free Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract. A comparative study of urinary free cortisol and urinary 6β-hydroxycortisol levels as a diagnostic test for hypercortisolemic states was carried out by measuring the excretion in 24-h specimens from 289 apparently healthy subjects and 10 Cushing patients. The diurnal variations of both variables were examined in normal subjects and subjects with altered adrenal activities. Two of the 289 apparently normal subjects had high values of urinary free cortisol; one had a high, the other a normal 6β-hydroxycortisol level; they were later diagnosed as having Cushing's syndrome and infertility, respectively. Three other subjects had high values of the urinary variables, but during 5 years of follow-up did not show any clinical evidence of hypercortisolism. The two urinary variables gave no false-negative results in the Cushing patients. The diurnal variation revealed that levels of 6β-hydroxycortisol change in parallel with those of free cortisol in normal subjects and in subjects with altered adrenal activities. However, the ratio of 6β-hydroxycortisol to free cortisol during the diurnal variation varied from low values when free cortisol levels were high to high values when free cortisol levels were low. In normal subjects, 1 mg of dexamethasone taken orally at 23.00 h completely suppressed the levels of both variables on the following day. It is concluded that urinary 6β-hydroxycortisol is correlated to urinary free cortisol so that measurement of urinary 6β-hydroxycortisol levels can be used as a diagnostic test for hypercortisolism in a way comparable to the method using urinary free cortisol.

scholarly journals Significance of Fast in Blunt Abdominal Trauma

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Amir Hinbis Masawod ◽  
◽  
Hazim Jabbar Kashtal ◽  
Ahmed Modher Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Blunt Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Abdominal Emergency ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results

Background: Blunt abdominal trauma is a common problem in our country.Some of the cases had been explored on no bases which were negative by FAST(focused assessment with sonography of trauma)FAST is a tool to detect intra-abdominal collection. Objective: To appreciate the value of (FAST) in blunt abdominal trauma. Patients and Methods: This study performed by a collection of 100 cases of blunt abdominal trauma admitted to the emergency department at Baquba Teaching Hospital from the period 1st January, 2013 to 31st December 2013 fast performed on all cases to detect any intra-abdominal collection, then correlation with this result and laparotomy or conservative results. Results: Out of 100 patients, Twenty seven cases had intra-abdominal collection and seventy three cases had no intra-abdominal collection by fast, 27 cases were positive and one case false positive and 73 cases were negative and 2 false-negative results and 71 true negative. The sensitivity was 92.8 % and specificity 98.6%. The positive predictive value was 96.2 % and negative predictive value 97.2 % and the accuracy 97 %. Conclusion: Focused assessment sonography of trauma can detect intra-abdominal fluid accurately and rapidly, FAST potentially valuable tool for better assessment of trauma in the emergency department. Keywords: Focus assessment with sonography of trauma (FAST), blunt abdominal trauma, abdominal emergency

scholarly journals Predictive value of olfactory and taste symptoms in the diagnosis of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minbum Kim ◽  
Do Hyun Kim ◽  
So Yeon Yoon ◽  
Sung Won Kim ◽  
Hansol Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Taste Changes ◽  
Patient Reported

Objectives: This study evaluated the diagnostic value of the various symptoms of COVID-19 in the screening of this disease.Methods: Two authors (working independently) comprehensively reviewed six databases (PubMed, Cochrane database, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar) from their dates of inception until November 2020. Patient-reported symptoms, including otolaryngologic and general symptoms, were evaluated for their predictive values in adults who underwent testing for COVID-19. True-positive, true-negative, false-positive, and false-negative data were extracted from each study. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (ver. 2). Results: Twenty-eight prospective and retrospective studies were included in the meta-analysis. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of a change in olfaction and/or taste was 10.20 (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.43; 12.34). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.8. Olfactory and/or taste changes had a low sensitivity (0.57, 95%CI: 0.47; 0.66) but moderate negative (0.78, 95%CI: 0.69; 0.85] and positive (0.78, 95%CI: 0.66; 0.87) predictive values and a high specificity (0.91, (95%CI: 0.83; 0.96). Olfactory and/or taste changes had a higher diagnostic value than the other otolaryngologic symptoms, a higher DOR and specificity, and a similar or higher diagnostic value than the other general symptoms. Conclusions: Among otolaryngologic symptoms, olfactory and/or taste dysfunction was the most highly associated with COVID-19 and its general symptoms and should be considered when screening for the disease.

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