scholarly journals Early Childhood Caries in 3 to 5 Year Old Children in Trinidad and Tobago

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Tricia Percival ◽  
Julien Edwards ◽  
Salvacion Barclay ◽  
Bidyadhar Sa ◽  
Md Anwarul Azim Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background: This study was done to evaluate the prevalence and contributory factors of early childhood caries (ECC) and severe ECC (S-ECC) among preschool children of Kindergartens and Early Childhood Centres in Trinidad and Tobago. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 342 preschool children aged 3 to 5 years. The school staff distributed a structured questionnaire to the children to be completed by the mother. Clinical examinations were conducted by calibrated examiners. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 in all analyses. Results: The prevalence of ECC and S-ECC was 50.3% and 52.3%, respectively. Dietary and oral hygiene factors particularly with bottle feeding and high plaque levels were major contributors to dental caries in this population. Conclusion: ECC and S-ECC are significant issues that occur in preschool children in Trinidad and Tobago. The development of ECC and S-ECC can be attributed to certain environmental factors like dietary habits and oral hygiene practices. Early dental assessment, broad-based oral health education programmes, increased parental/guardian engagement during oral hygiene practices and greater access to facilities for early childhood caries prevention and management can help alleviate the problems of ECC and S-ECC in this population.

scholarly journals Early childhood caries and oral hygiene practices among preschool children in Mangaluru city

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4494
Author(s):  
Savitha Krishnaswamy ◽  
Jagannath Purushotham ◽  
Krishna Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
The North ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background: Dental caries in young children is a serious public health problem that is highly underestimated in a country like India as it is not life threatening. The rapid westernization and urbanization in Mangaluru city has led to the inclusion of more refined sugars, frequent snacking habit and intake of more chocolates and candies in children, making them more susceptible to early childhood caries (ECC). This study intends to determine prevalence of ECC.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 240 preschool children aged 3-6 years studying in private preschools in the North Zone of Mangaluru city, Karnataka, India. Data collection was done using semi-structured and self-administered questionnaire given to the parent; examination of the child’s oral cavity was also done.Results: The prevalence of ECC in preschool children in Mangaluru City was 57.5%. A statistically significant association was seen between oral hygiene practices and father's education level (p=0.033). The oral hygiene practices were found to be satisfactory with the majority (62.1%) of them following good oral hygiene practices.Conclusions: Lack of awareness about ECC has further contributed to the increase in the prevalence and severity of the problem hence revealing the need for effective preventive methods. 

scholarly journals Feeding practices and prevalence of early childhood caries among preschool children in urban and rural areas of Kannur district

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Aswathi Sreedharan ◽  
Faizal CP ◽  
Chandru TP
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Childhood Caries

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions among children. Lack of proper Parental knowledge regarding feeding practices will have a deleterious effect on child oral health.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of ECC and parental knowledge regarding feeding practices in young children.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> 500 preschool children aged between 36-60 months, were selected from twenty schools. The children’s were examined at the respective schools to determine the presence or absence of caries by using WHO criteria .A structured questionnaire was provided to 500 parents of the respective school children examined to assess their knowledge regarding feeding practices and oral hygiene measures in preschool children for prevention of ECC</p><p><strong>Result:</strong> The results of the children examined and the parent surveyed were tabulated and statistically analyzed by using chi-square test. The result showed that the prevalence rate of ECC among 500 children surveyed were about 56.3%.The knowledge regarding the feeding practices and oral hygiene measures overall was found to be 56.5%</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The prevalence of ECC was relatively high among the preschool children. The feeding practices and oral hygiene measures among parents was more off supporting the promotion of ECC. More emphasis should be given regarding introduction of oral hygiene practice from the first year of child’s life and also to conduct public awareness programme to achieve optimum oral health care in children.</p>

scholarly journals Association between developmental dental anomalies, early childhood caries and oral hygiene status of 3–5-year-old children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan ◽  
Michael Alade ◽  
Abiola Adeniyi ◽  
Maha El Tantawi ◽  
Tracy L. Finlayson
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract Background To determine the association between developmental dental anomalies (DDA), early childhood caries (ECC) and oral hygiene status of 3–5-year-old children resident in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. We analyzed data for 3–5-year-olds extracted from the dataset of a household survey collected to determine the association between ECC and maternal psychosocial wellbeing in children 0–5-year-old. The outcome variables for the study were ECC and poor oral hygiene. The explanatory variable was the presence of developmental dental anomalies (supernumerary, supplemental, mesiodens, hypodontia, macrodontia, microdontia, peg-shaped lateral, dens evaginatus, dens invaginatus, talons cusp, fusion/germination, hypoplasia, hypomineralized second molar, fluorosis, amelogenesis imperfecta). The prevalence of each anomaly was determined. Poisson regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between presence of developmental dental anomalies, ECC and oral hygiene status. The model was adjusted for sex, age and socioeconomic status. Results Of the 918 children examined, 75 (8.2%) had developmental dental anomalies, 43 (4.7%) had ECC, and 38 (4.1%) had poor oral hygiene. The most prevalent developmental dental anomalies was enamel hypoplasia (3.9%). Of the 43 children with ECC, 6 (14.0%) had enamel hypoplasia and 3 (7.6%) had hypomineralized second primary molar. There was a significant association between ECC and enamel hypoplasia (p < 0.001) and a borderline association between ECC and hypomineralized second primary molars (p = 0.05). The proportion of children with poor oral hygiene (PR: 2.03; 95% CI: 0.91–4.56; p = 0.09) and ECC (PR: 2.02; 95% CI: 0.92–4.46; p = 0.08) who had developmental dental anomalies was twice that of children with good oral hygiene and without ECC respectively, although the differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions Enamel hypoplasia and hypomineralized second primary molars are developmental dental anomalies associated with ECC. developmental dental anomalies also increases the probability of having poor oral hygiene in the population studied.

Early childhood caries and parents’ challenges in implementing oral hygiene practices: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha ◽  
Violet D’Souza ◽  
Ramya Shenoy ◽  
Yarmunja Mahabala Karuna ◽  
Anupama Panakaje Nayak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Childhood Caries

scholarly journals Early childhood caries among premature children enrolled in WIC: A retrospective case - Controlled study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison R Christensen ◽  
◽  
Fang Qian ◽  
Karin Weber-Gasparoni ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Childhood Caries

Purpose: To investigate the association between premature birth and Early Childhood Caries (ECC) experience, while secondarily evaluating factors that may influence development of caries. Methods: Data collected from patients enrolled at the University of Iowa’s Infant Oral Health Program consisted of prenatal history, child’s demographics, neonatal history, oral hygiene, dietary habits, and clinical findings (visible plaque, enamel defects, and caries). Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were utilized (alpha=0.05). Results: Four hundred and ninety eight randomly matched premature and full-term subjects were included (mean age=21 months [range: 6-71 months]; 51.4% males and 38.9% African Americans). Bivariate analysis revealed no significant differences existed regarding cavitated and non-cavitated caries experience between full-term and premature subjects. Additionally, compared to their counterparts, premature subjects were more likely to eat cariogenic snacks between meals (P=0.028), drink cariogenic beverages >2 times per day (P=0.027), not have their teeth brushed daily (P<0.001), and less likely to have seen a dentist (P=0.04). Logistic regression analysis showed that showed number of teeth present (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.10-1.39 ; P<0.001) and visible plaque on maxillary incisors (OR=5.69, 95% CI: 2.22-14.55; p<0.001) to be significantly associated with ECC in premature subjects. Conclusions: While there was no evidence that prematurity was associated with ECC, premature subjects had cariogenic dietary behaviors and high-risk oral hygiene behaviors.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Early Childhood Caries Among Preschool Children in Eastern Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110083
Author(s):  
Sanaa N. Al-Haj Ali ◽  
Faisal Alsineedi ◽  
Nouf Alsamari ◽  
Ghaida Alduhayan ◽  
Alaa BaniHani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Caries

This study aimed to determine the risk factors of early childhood caries (ECC) among preschool children from eastern Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study, 241 carers and their children from 10 daycares were recruited and asked to complete a questionnaire aimed at assessing their sociodemographic profile and oral health-related behaviors. This was followed by a dental examination of the children by two calibrated dentists. Caries status was recorded using the dmft index. Chi-square and logistic regression tests were used to analyze the data ( p < 0.05). The mean dmft of the children was 4.39 (SD ± 4.25). According to logistic regression analysis, children who were bottle-fed between 7 and 12 months (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 0.110) or breastfed between 13 and 18 months (AOR: 0.028) were less likely to have ECC than those with a prolonged feeding duration (>18 months). Also, those with smoking carers (AOR: 0.176) were less likely to have ECC than those with nonsmoking carers. On the other hand, children who had working carers, mainly mothers, in the education sector (AOR: 11.105), were more likely to have ECC ( p < 0.05). The risk factors associated with the presence of ECC among preschool children in eastern Saudi Arabia include the mother’s occupation and the carer’s smoking status, as well as feeding practices (particularly bottle feeding). These factors can be modified by encouraging carers to completely wean their children (particularly from the bottle) by 18 months of age and advising working mothers to perform tooth brushing for their children in the morning before they go to work and in the evening before the children go to bed.

scholarly journals Trends in caries experience and background factors in 3-year-old children in Poland: evidence from epidemiological surveys during 2002-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Anna Turska-Szybka ◽  
Urszula Kaczmarek ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Jacek Tomczyk ◽  
Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Behavioural Changes ◽  
Sugary Beverages ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract The prevalence of early childhood caries and its level varies. The present study was to establish the trends in dental caries and the impact of behavioural changes on the prevalence of caries in three-yearolds in Poland within a fifteen-year period. The results of a cross sectional survey carried out on 3439 three-year-olds in 2002, 2009, and 2017 using WHO criteria for dental caries (dmft, dmft=0, dmft≥4) and the results of a questionnaire filled by their parents with data on sociodemographics, oral hygiene and dietary habits, especially their sugar intake, were assessed. The dmft/dmfs index is applied to the primary dentition and is expressed as the total number of teeth/surfaces that are decayed, missing, or filled. The Cochran-Armitage test for trend was used to assess the fraction changes in time. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the changes in dmft trends and the correlations between behavioural changes, awareness levels, and the prevalence of caries. Within the fifteen-year period minimal changes in the prevalence of early childhood caries (15% down), dmft≥4 (11.4% down) and a lower dmft (36% down) were accompanied by a better parent awareness about the causes of caries and better oral hygiene routines. Sugary beverages were no longer drank at least once a day, however sweetened milk, cake, doughnuts, and sweet rolls were consumed more often. Being female, living in an urban area, having parents more aware about caries, consuming sugary beverages less frequently, brushing teeth twice a day, and using a fluoride toothpaste promoted lower early childhood caries. Gradually healthier teeth are linked to an increased awareness of the parents and healthier routines. A too frequent exposure to sugar promotes early childhood caries. Should the changes of dietary habits be insufficient, brushing teeth with fluoride toothpaste becomes crucial.

scholarly journals Association Between Developmental Dental Anomalies, Early Childhood Caries And Oral Hygiene Status Of 3-5-year-old Children In Ile-ife, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan ◽  
Michael Alade ◽  
Abiola Adeniyi ◽  
Maha El Tantawi ◽  
Tracy L Finlayson
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract Background: To determine the association between developmental dental anomalies (DDA), early childhood caries (ECC) and oral hygiene status of 3-5-year-old children resident in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We analyzed data for 3-5-year-olds extracted from the dataset of a household survey collected to determine the association between ECC and maternal psychosocial wellbeing in children 0-5-year-olds. The outcome variables for the study were ECC and poor oral hygiene. The explanatory variable was the presence of developmental dental anomalies (supernumerary, supplemental, mesiodens, hypodontia, macrodontia, microdontia, peg-shaped lateral, dens evaginatus, dens invaginatus, talons cusp, fusion/germination, hypoplasia, hypomineralized second molar, fluorosis, amelogenesis imperfecta). The prevalence of each anomaly was determined. Poisson regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between presence of developmental dental anomalies, ECC and oral hygiene status. The model was adjusted for sex, age and socioeconomic status. Results: Of the 918 children examined, 75 (8.2%) had DDA, 43 (4.7%) had ECC, and 38 (4.1%) had poor oral hygiene. The most prevalent DDA was enamel hypoplasia (3.9%). Of the 43 children with ECC, 6 (14.0%) had enamel hypoplasia and 3 (7.6%) had hypomineralized second primary molar. There was a significant association between ECC and enamel hypoplasia (p<0.001) and a borderline association between ECC and hypomineralized second primary molars (p=0.05). The proportion of children with poor oral hygiene (PR: 2.03; 95% CI: 0.91-4.56; p=0.09) and ECC (PR: 2.02; 95% CI: 0.92-4.46; p=0.08) who had DDA was twice that of children with good oral hygiene and without ECC respectively, although the differences did not reach statistical significance.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Southern Italy: An Epidemiological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Grazia Fichera ◽  
Simona Santonocito ◽  
Vincenzo Ronsivalle ◽  
Alessandro Polizzi ◽  
Salvatore Torrisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Oral Habits ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sample Age ◽  
Italian Cohort ◽  
Childhood Caries

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and oral habits among preschool children from a southern Italian cohort. The survey population consisted of 300 subjects randomly selected among children attending two kindergartens in Catania, Italy. The prevalence of ECC and oral habits were clinically evaluated. During the clinical evaluation, the oral hygiene of children was also assessed. Parents were also interviewed using a brief and simple online questionnaire aimed at investigating eating and oral hygiene habits. The selected sample age ranged between 3 and 5 years. The prevalence of ECC was 9.34%, and the most affected teeth were primary molars. Moreover, the prevalence of oral habits was 44.66%. Only two-thirds of the sample brush their teeth at least once per day. The prevalence of ECC among Sicilian children (9.33%) seems suitable with the rest of the country. The results of the present study evidenced that oral habits showed a high prevalence among preschool children. The level of oral hygiene among preschool children is still not sufficient.

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