scholarly journals Primary Stability of Three Different Osteotomy Techniques in Medullary Bone: An in Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Attanasio ◽  
Alessandro Antonelli ◽  
Ylenia Brancaccio ◽  
Fiorella Averta ◽  
Michele Mario Figliuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Medullary Bone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Twist Drills

Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to analyse the primary stability of 20 implants placed with Twist drills (TD) versus 20 implants placed with Summers osteotomes (SO) and 20 implants placed with B&B bone compactors (BC) in medullary bone (quality type III and type IV). Methods: The implants were placed in 10 fresh pig ribs fixed on a bench vice in order to avoid micro-movements during surgical procedures and measure recording. Peak insertion torque (PIT) and Peak removal torque (PRT) were recorded with MGT-12 digital torque gauge and ISQ was recorded through OSSTELL ISQ™ device by an independent operator. Results: Comparing our data (Tukey test p = 0.05), it was evidenced a statistically significant difference in the PIT between TD and BC groups (p = 0.01). Analysing ISQ data, there was a statistically significant difference between the TD and BC groups (p = 0.0001) and between the SO and BC groups (p = 0.014). The analysis of PRT evidenced a statistically significant difference between the TD and BC groups (p = 0.038). Conclusions: This study evidenced that bone compactor preparation can positively influence primary implant stability (PS), however further in vivo studies and a larger sample are necessary to assess the usefulness in several clinical settings.

scholarly journals 1074-152 Will combinations of multiple agents produce more robust contrast imaging? An in vitro study and in vivo studies in dogs

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. A328
Author(s):  
Xiaokui Li ◽  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Diane Paine ◽  
Zuhua Mao ◽  
Aarti Hejmadi Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Multiple Agents ◽  
Contrast Imaging

scholarly journals Can Bone Compaction Improve Primary Implant Stability? An In Vitro Comparative Study with Osseodensification Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8623
Author(s):  
Alessandro Antonelli ◽  
Francesco Bennardo ◽  
Ylenia Brancaccio ◽  
Selene Barone ◽  
Felice Femiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Primary Implant ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: This study aims to analyze bone compaction and osseodensification techniques and to investigate how cancellous bone compaction could influence primary implant stability (PS). Methods: Two different surgical protocols (bone compactors—BC; osseodensification drills—OD) were compared by placing 20 implants into 20 fresh pig ribs for each procedure. Peak insertion torque (PIT) and peak removal torque (PRT) were investigated using an MGT-12 digital torque gauge, and implant stability quotient (ISQ) was analyzed using an Osstell® Beacon device. Results: Analysis of our data (T-test p < 0.05) evidenced no statistically significant difference between BC and OD in terms of PIT (p = 0.33) or ISQ (p = 0.97). The comparison of PRT values showed a statistically significant difference between BC and OD protocols (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Cancellous bone compaction seems to improve PS, preserving a significant amount of bone and evenly spreading trabeculae on the entire implant site. Although the PIT and ISQ values obtained are similar, the PRT values suggest a better biological response from the surrounding bone tissue. Nevertheless, a larger sample and further in vivo studies are necessary to validate the usefulness of this protocol in several clinical settings.

scholarly journals Biomechanics of a cemented short stem: a comparative in vitro study regarding primary stability and maximum fracture load

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Freitag ◽  
Karl Philipp Kutzner ◽  
Ralf Bieger ◽  
Heiko Reichel ◽  
Anita Ignatius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality ◽  
Periprosthetic Fracture ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Fracture Load ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Short Stem ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Short Stems

AbstractPurposeIn total hip arthroplasty, uncemented short stems have been used more and more frequently in recent years. Especially for short and curved femoral implants, bone-preserving and soft tissue-sparing properties are postulated. However, indication is limited to sufficient bone quality. At present, there are no curved short stems available which are based on cemented fixation.MethodsIn this in vitro study, primary stability and maximum fracture load of a newly developed cemented short-stem implant was evaluated in comparison to an already well-established cemented conventional straight stem using six pairs of human cadaver femurs with minor bone quality. Primary stability, including reversible micromotion and irreversible migration, was assessed in a dynamic material-testing machine. Furthermore, a subsequent load-to-failure test revealed the periprosthetic fracture characteristics.ResultsReversible and irreversible micromotions showed no statistical difference between the two investigated stems. All short stems fractured under maximum load according to Vancouver type B3, whereas 4 out of 6 conventional stems suffered a periprosthetic fracture according to Vancouver type C. Mean fracture load of the short stems was 3062 N versus 3160 N for the conventional stems (p = 0.84).ConclusionPrimary stability of the cemented short stem was not negatively influenced compared to the cemented conventional stem and no significant difference in fracture load was observed. However, a clear difference in the fracture pattern has been identified.

scholarly journals Comparison of Osteotome and Conventional Drilling Techniques for Primary Implant Stability: An In Vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna N Tsolaki ◽  
Pallavi P Tonsekar ◽  
Babak Najafi ◽  
Howard J Drew ◽  
Andrew J Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Posterior Maxilla ◽  
Conventional Drilling

It may be difficult to achieve primary stability in the posterior maxilla because of poor quality and quantity of bone. Studies have shown that the osteotome technique immediately increases bone density thereby increasing primary stability. An in vitro study was conducted to compare the stability achieved by the osteotome and conventional drilling techniques in low density bone. Forty endosseous implant fixtures (n = 40) were inserted in a solid rigid polyurethane block simulating low density (D3) bone. The implants were divided into 4 groups to test 2 variables: (1) implant length (10 mm or 13 mm) and (2) preparation of osteotomy (conventional drilling or osteotome technique). Insertion torque (IT) and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) were measured for each implant. Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test was done to study IT and RFA data of the 4 groups. Pearson Correlation test was used to determine the correlation between IT and RFA values of the implants. The IT and RFA values were statistically significant higher using the osteotome technique as compared to conventional drilling (P &lt; 0.0001). Statistically significant higher values were also found for IT and RFA of 13 mm implants as compared to 10 mm implants. A significant correlation was found between insertion torque and RFA values in all 4 groups (r = 0.86, P &lt; 0.0001). The conclusion was that the osteotome technique significantly increased primary stability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Coronal Sealing Materials in the Endodontically Treated Teeth: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Tareq Hajaj ◽  
Antonis Perdiou ◽  
Cosmin Sinescu ◽  
Mihai Rominu ◽  
Meda Lavinia Negrutiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Sealing Ability ◽  
Sealing Materials

In vitro studies have shown that rapid penetration of bacteria in the entire root canal system may occur after endodontic treatment without a coronal seal. A proper restorative technique is necessary to ensure a coronal seal and protection of the residual dental structure. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the coronal sealing ability of the most relevant clinical materials by means of dye penetration (neutral red dye, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), through a light spectrometric device, and to establish which one of the tested dental materials possesses the best sealing ability. Forty-two extracted teeth were prepared and used for this experiment; they were sealed with 5 different cements. The flow composite had the best absorbance value with 0.00675 ± 0.00096 (mean ± standard deviation) for monoradicular samples and 0.025 ± 0.00129 for pluriradicular samples. Under the constraints of the present study, both flowable and packable composite materials can be recommended as orifice sealing materials to prevent microleakage in an endodontically treated tooth. To assess the clinical superiority of any material, further in vivo studies are required.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Microleakage by Gas Permeability and Marginal Adaptation of MTA and Biodentine™ Apical Plugs: In Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Karen Brenes-Valverde DDS ◽  
Elian Conejo-Rodríguez PhD ◽  
José Roberto Vega-Baudrit PhD ◽  
Mauricio Montero-Aguilar MSc ◽  
Daniel Chavarría-Bolaños MSc, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Gas Permeability ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cylindrical Sample ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Nitrogen Diffusion ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference

The endodontic treatment of teeth with incomplete development is always a complex task. Nowadays, biomaterials such as bioceramics offers promising clinical evidence that supports its use. However, the standardization of its use for apexification purpose still needs a deeper understanding of the materials’ behavior. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the marginal adaptability and microleakage by gas permeability of MTA and Biodentine™ apical plugs in an in vitro model. Materials and methods: Twenty-four single rooted human teeth were selected according to previously stablished inclusion criteria. All samples were prepared obtaining standard cylindrical internal canals with a diameter of 1.3 mm. Root canals were gently rinsed using 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and EDTA 17%. The apical 3mm and remaining coronal dental structure were sectioned to obtain 10mm roots. Roots were randomly assigned to 3 different groups as follows: GROUP A: MTA (n=10), GROUP B: Biodentine™ (n=10) and Group C: Control (positive n=1, negative n=3). MTA and Biodentine™ were prepared according to manufacturer’s indications, and apical plugs of 4mm were passively placed in the correspondent teeth. All samples were stored in saline solution for 7 days at 37°C before evaluation. Samples were mounted in cylindrical sample-holders using epoxy resin. Microleakage was evaluated with an automatic permeability detector that calculates nitrogen diffusion between the material-root interphase. After microleakage evaluation, the samples were recovered and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microleakage results were analyzed using Chi-square and adaptation was evaluated with a descriptive analysis. Results: None of the evaluated materials completely avoided the nitrogen microleakage (positive leakage of 10% and 20% of samples for MTA and Biodentine™ respectively); with no statistical significant difference between groups (p=0.527).  All apical plugs showed good adaptation under SEM, at 30x, 200x, 1000x and 2500x; with microscopical structures similar to previous reports. Conclusions: Both bioceramics behave similar when used as apical barriers to avoid permeability, with acceptable marginal adaptation. Further in vivo studies are needed to validate these results.  

Hog and Beef Mucosal Heparin - In Vitro Study Using Different Assay Procedures

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Aiach ◽  
A. Kher ◽  
J. Mardiguian
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Thrombosis Research ◽  
Manufacturing Procedure

In a previous study, on healthy volunteers two purified heparin preparations, obtained from hog and beef mucosausing the same manufacturing procedure, were compared for anticoagulant activity. Heparin levels measured by anti Xa assays and AFTT were not statistically different following subcutaneous or intravenous heparin injection, (M. Aiach, A. Kher, A. Kichaud, J. Mardiguian, M. Trillou, M. Leclerc - Thrombosis Research, to be published). An in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the biological activity of these two heparins : thrombin clotting time was performed in plasma. Anti Xa activities were compared in purified system using human antithrombin III, or in plasma, and bovine and human activated factor X were used. Residual F Xa was evaluated with chromogenic substrate and in a clotting assay. The results will be reported in detail.In conclusion, the biological activity in vitro is higher for hog mucosal than for beef mucosal heparin when evaluated with sensitive and accurate methods. The in vivo study does not confirm these data. This discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo studies could be explained by individual variation of in vivo response to heparin and by dissimilarities in the distribution of molecular weight between these two heparins.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Microleakage by Gas Permeability and Marginal Adaptation of MTA and Biodentine™ Apical Plugs: In Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Karen Brenes-Valverde DDS ◽  
Elian Conejo-Rodríguez PhD ◽  
José Roberto Vega-Baudrit PhD ◽  
Mauricio Montero-Aguilar MSc ◽  
Daniel Chavarría-Bolaños MSc, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Gas Permeability ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cylindrical Sample ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Nitrogen Diffusion ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference

The endodontic treatment of teeth with incomplete development is always a complex task. Nowadays, biomaterials such as bioceramics offers promising clinical evidence that supports its use. However, the standardization of its use for apexification purpose still needs a deeper understanding of the materials’ behavior. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the marginal adaptability and microleakage by gas permeability of MTA and Biodentine™ apical plugs in an in vitro model. Materials and methods: Twenty-four single rooted human teeth were selected according to previously stablished inclusion criteria. All samples were prepared obtaining standard cylindrical internal canals with a diameter of 1.3 mm. Root canals were gently rinsed using 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and EDTA 17%. The apical 3mm and remaining coronal dental structure were sectioned to obtain 10mm roots. Roots were randomly assigned to 3 different groups as follows: GROUP A: MTA (n=10), GROUP B: Biodentine™ (n=10) and Group C: Control (positive n=1, negative n=3). MTA and Biodentine™ were prepared according to manufacturer’s indications, and apical plugs of 4mm were passively placed in the correspondent teeth. All samples were stored in saline solution for 7 days at 37°C before evaluation. Samples were mounted in cylindrical sample-holders using epoxy resin. Microleakage was evaluated with an automatic permeability detector that calculates nitrogen diffusion between the material-root interphase. After microleakage evaluation, the samples were recovered and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microleakage results were analyzed using Chi-square and adaptation was evaluated with a descriptive analysis. Results: None of the evaluated materials completely avoided the nitrogen microleakage (positive leakage of 10% and 20% of samples for MTA and Biodentine™ respectively); with no statistical significant difference between groups (p=0.527).  All apical plugs showed good adaptation under SEM, at 30x, 200x, 1000x and 2500x; with microscopical structures similar to previous reports. Conclusions: Both bioceramics behave similar when used as apical barriers to avoid permeability, with acceptable marginal adaptation. Further in vivo studies are needed to validate these results.  

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