scholarly journals Effective Voting Ensemble of Homogenous Ensembling with Multiple Attribute-Selection Approaches for Improved Identification of Thyroid Disorder

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 3026
Author(s):  
Tehseen Akhtar ◽  
Syed Omer Gilani ◽  
Zohaib Mushtaq ◽  
Saad Arif ◽  
Mohsin Jamil ◽  
...  

Thyroid disease is characterized by abnormal development of glandular tissue on the periphery of the thyroid gland. Thyroid disease occurs when this gland produces an abnormally high or low level of hormones, with hyperthyroidism (active thyroid gland) and hypothyroidism (inactive thyroid gland) being the two most common types. The purpose of this work was to create an efficient homogeneous ensemble of ensembles in conjunction with numerous feature-selection methodologies for the improved detection of thyroid disorder. The dataset employed is based on real-time thyroid information obtained from the District Head Quarter (DHQ) teaching hospital, Dera Ghazi (DG) Khan, Pakistan. Following the necessary preprocessing steps, three types of attribute-selection strategies; Select From Model (SFM), Select K-Best (SKB), and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) were used. Decision Tree (DT), Gradient Boosting (GB), Logistic Regression (LR), and Random Forest (RF) classifiers were used as promising feature estimators. The homogeneous ensembling activated the bagging- and boosting-based classifiers, which were then classified by the Voting ensemble using both soft and hard voting. Accuracy, sensitivity, mean square error, hamming loss, and other performance assessment metrics have been adopted. The experimental results indicate the optimum applicability of the proposed strategy for improved thyroid ailment identification. All of the employed approaches achieved 100% accuracy with a small feature set. In terms of accuracy and computational cost, the presented findings outperformed similar benchmark models in its domain.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
DENISE KEMAS ◽  
ELIZABETH WIANTO ◽  
MIKI TJANDRA

The danger of thyroid disease disorder can be suffered by anyone, including in children aged 7 to 12 years old. If not treated immediately, this disease can have a fatal impact of heart failure, prominent eyes, mental health, and sterility, even to a coma. This happens because of a lack of knowledge about the thyroid gland, its illness and its dangerous effect, which leads to less information given to the children about the disorder. The aim of this design of this interactive guidebook is so that parents and children can know and start tackling about the thyroid gland as well as the dangers of this disease and want to start a healthy lifestyle, by starting to eat healthy foods for the thyroid gland. Visual communication strategy used is to create an educative and interactive guidebook. Supported by supporting media, such as: workbook, promotion media that is booth, leaflet, poster, website and gimmick. The final goal of the design is that parents and children can recognize the thyroid gland and maintain their health by eating a healthy diet and live a healthy lifestyle. Keywords:  children; guidebook; interactive; thyroid disorder


1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Zimmermann ◽  
Teuvo Takala ◽  
Lauri Pöyhönen ◽  
Reijo Punnonen

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 158-158
Author(s):  
I. Ioancio ◽  
R. Trascu ◽  
I. Turcu ◽  
L. Spiru

BackgroundAlzheimer disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders (prevalence boosts from 0.2% in patients aged 55-65 up to 27% in patients aged 85+ years. Clinical manifestations of psychiatric disorders accompanying hypo- and hyper-thyroid function can mimic cognitive impairment.ObjectivesOur study aimed at studying the relationship between thyroid pathology, anxiety disorder and Alzheimer disease (AD).MethodsOur longitudinal, prospective research followed 49 patients with thyroid disorders (aged 50-85 years, 93.5 females); 63.3% (n = 31) had coexisting dementia and thyroid disease while 36.7% (n = 18) were dementia-cleared (10 had mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 8 - anxiety and/or depression); we cross/analyzed control (n = 18) and target (n = 31) groups.ResultsIn the target group, 64.5% (n = 20) had hypothyroidism, 22.6% (n = 7) had euthyroid function and 12.9% (n = 4) had hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was higher in the hypothyroidism + dementia group (55.5%, n = 11) than in the hypothyroidism-only group (44.4%, n = 8). Most controls (77.8%, n = 14) had hypothyroidism while 22% (n = 4) had normal thyroid function.ConclusionsAnxiety disorder had a greater prevalence both in the group with dementia + thyroid disease and in the MCI group. Hypothyroidism was the dominant thyroid disorder in both groups. The early diagnostic and treatment of thyroid disease is expected to improve prognosis and evolution of future cognitive disorders (MCI & AD).


2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Olga Horvat ◽  
Zdenko Tomic ◽  
Vesna Mijatovic ◽  
Ana Sabo

Introduction. Depleted uranium radiation and pollution with polychlorinated biphenyls resulting from bombings the territories of Serbia as well as the additional long-term stress may have affected the function of thyroid gland. The objective of this study was to determine the trend of drug utilization in the treatment of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy in Novi Sad. Material and Methods. Women who had given birth at the Department of Gynecology in 1989, 1999, 2007 and 2011 were interviewed during a one-month period about thyroid diseases in the pregnancy as well as the drugs they had taken. Results. Not a single pregnant woman was reported to have a thyroid disorder in 1989 and 1999, while in 2007 four women were reported to have a thyroid dysfunction. In 2011, fourteen out of 18 women with thyroid dysfunction were using levothyroxine and in most cases hypothyroidism was diagnosed as autoimmune Hashimoto thyroiditis. Conclusion. The study results suggest the necessity of performing more detailed analyses of the correlation between the frequency of the thyroid gland dysfunction and the effects of environmental pollution in Serbia.


1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Fisher ◽  
G. J. A. MacPhee ◽  
D. L. Davies ◽  
S. G. McPherson ◽  
I. L. Brown ◽  
...  

Abstract. A 40 year old woman presented with a 10 year history of watery diarrhoea and an acute quadriparesis. On clinical examination there was severe muscle weakness and a nodule was palpable in the thyroid gland. Biochemical testing revealed a hypokalaemia at 1.6 mmol/l. Plasma levels of VIP were raised at 202 pmol/l. CT scanning demonstrated a mass in the area of the left adrenal gland, and isotope scanning of the thyroid gland showed a 'cold' nodule. The plasma catecholamines and calcitonin were elevated. The patient also presented with psychiatric symptoms, and the relevance of these to her condition has been discussed. At operation a left adrenal tumour was removed. Post-operatively the patient's symptoms disappeared and the plasma hormone levels returned to normal values. Histological examination of the tumour revealed a well differentiated phaeochromocytoma which contained VIP and calcitonin. The thyroid nodule was excised and showed histological features of autoimmune thyroid disease. It is suggested that in all cases of the WDHA syndrome where the tumour is in an extra-pancreatic site patients should be screened for phaeochromocytoma.


1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Lemarchand-Béraud ◽  
B. R. Scazziga ◽  
A. Vannotti

ABSTRACT A radioimmunoassay has been developed and was applied in a first study to the determinations of human plasma TSH in normal subjects. In the present work a systematic study was made of the relation between the pituitary and the thyroid gland in thyroid disease, and on the effect of various forms of treatment in 750 patients. Normal values for adults of both sexes were found to be 0.19 mU/ml, referred to the international bovine TSH standard (USP). No TSH was found in pituitary hypothyroidism. Elevated levels, up to fifteen times those of normal subjects, were found in myxoedema. The low initial values in all forms of thyrotoxicosis were followed by modifications during treatment depending on the kind of treatment used. Every qualitative or quantitative deficiency of thyroid hormone secretion was accompanied by an elevation of TSH (euthyroid nodular goitre, thyroid carcinoma, subacute thyroiditis and Hashimoto's disease) and treatment with thyroid hormones induced a rapid fall in plasma TSH. The action of lysine vasopressin was also studied.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Mukund Tiwari ◽  
Dr. Sarita Agrawal ◽  
Subarna Mitra

Abnormal function of thyroid gland is associated with a disturbance in the menstrual cycle. However, in clinical practice, thyroid dysfunction is frequently overlooked as a possible etiology and therefore, the importance to investigate thyroid function in asymptomatic cases is under- recognized in India. Treating thyroid dysfunction in such cases can reverse the menstrual abnormality, thus avoiding unnecessary hormonal therapy or in long term, hysterectomy. This article is intended to determine the prevalence of overt and subclinical forms of hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism among women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in a known iodine-deficient state of India, Chhattisgarh. Moreover, the aims included to characterize the types of menstrual abnormality with thyroid dysfunction in study participants. The present study found a prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in one out of five cases of menstrual abnormality, most common dysfunction being hypothyroidism. An appreciable proportion of thyroid disorder was found in patients with menorrhagia, oligomenorrhea, polymenorrhea and amenorrhea.


1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Schrell ◽  
M. Buchfelder ◽  
J. Hensen ◽  
J. Wendler ◽  
M. Gramatzki ◽  
...  

SummaryNeuroendocrine tumors with somatostatin receptor expression may be localized by 111ln-octreotide scintigraphy. This study examines those thyroid conditions where 111 ln-octreotide uptake could be observed also in the thyroid gland. 26 consecutive patients who underwent 111 ln-octreotide scintigraphy for tumor localization were additionally examined for thyroid disease by sonography and 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy. 12 of these patients had no significant thyroid uptake and had an euthyroid normal-sized thyroid gland. 14 patiens with 111ln thyroid uptakes had endemic goiters, two of them with thyroid autonomy and one with Graves’ disease. Thus, 111 ln-octreotide thyroid uptake was predominantly seen in patients with endemic goiter with or without thyroid autonomy.


2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 4587-4592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Völzke ◽  
André Werner ◽  
Henri Wallaschofski ◽  
Nele Friedrich ◽  
Daniel M. Robinson ◽  
...  

Context: The thyroid gland is a potential target organ for radiation-related damage. Objective: The aim of the analysis was to investigate the association between occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Design: Our design was the cross-sectional Study of Health in Pomerania. Setting: The setting was the general community. Subjects: Analyses were performed in a population-based sample of 4299 subjects. Among them, 160 persons reported a history of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation. Main Outcome Measure: AITD was defined as the combined presence of hypoechogenicity in thyroid ultrasound and antithyroxiperoxidase antibodies greater than 200 IU/ml. Results: Females with occupational exposure to ionizing radiation had more often AITD than nonexposed females (10.0 vs. 3.4%; P < 0.05). This association persisted after adjustment for relevant confounders (odds ratio, 3.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–10.31; P < 0.05). In males, there were too few subjects who fulfilled the criteria of AITD, but the association between the exposure to radiation and hypoechogenicity of the thyroid gland barely missed statistical significance (odds ratio, 2.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.92–5.26; P = 0.08). In both females and males, subjects who reported a length of exposure of more than 5 yr exhibited the highest risk of the endpoints. Conclusions: We conclude that occupational exposure to ionizing radiation is related to the risk of AITD. The usage of thyroid protection shields by radiation workers is strongly recommended.


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