scholarly journals Drug utilization in treatment of thyroid disorders during pregnancy in Serbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Olga Horvat ◽  
Zdenko Tomic ◽  
Vesna Mijatovic ◽  
Ana Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Novi Sad

Introduction. Depleted uranium radiation and pollution with polychlorinated biphenyls resulting from bombings the territories of Serbia as well as the additional long-term stress may have affected the function of thyroid gland. The objective of this study was to determine the trend of drug utilization in the treatment of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy in Novi Sad. Material and Methods. Women who had given birth at the Department of Gynecology in 1989, 1999, 2007 and 2011 were interviewed during a one-month period about thyroid diseases in the pregnancy as well as the drugs they had taken. Results. Not a single pregnant woman was reported to have a thyroid disorder in 1989 and 1999, while in 2007 four women were reported to have a thyroid dysfunction. In 2011, fourteen out of 18 women with thyroid dysfunction were using levothyroxine and in most cases hypothyroidism was diagnosed as autoimmune Hashimoto thyroiditis. Conclusion. The study results suggest the necessity of performing more detailed analyses of the correlation between the frequency of the thyroid gland dysfunction and the effects of environmental pollution in Serbia.

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) and Thyroid Function in Chhattisgarh

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Mukund Tiwari ◽  
Dr. Sarita Agrawal ◽  
Subarna Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Study Participants

Abnormal function of thyroid gland is associated with a disturbance in the menstrual cycle. However, in clinical practice, thyroid dysfunction is frequently overlooked as a possible etiology and therefore, the importance to investigate thyroid function in asymptomatic cases is under- recognized in India. Treating thyroid dysfunction in such cases can reverse the menstrual abnormality, thus avoiding unnecessary hormonal therapy or in long term, hysterectomy. This article is intended to determine the prevalence of overt and subclinical forms of hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism among women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in a known iodine-deficient state of India, Chhattisgarh. Moreover, the aims included to characterize the types of menstrual abnormality with thyroid dysfunction in study participants. The present study found a prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in one out of five cases of menstrual abnormality, most common dysfunction being hypothyroidism. An appreciable proportion of thyroid disorder was found in patients with menorrhagia, oligomenorrhea, polymenorrhea and amenorrhea.

scholarly journals Computational way of Classifying Thyroid Disorder Patients and Identifying the Similar Patients using a Novel Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-438
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Machine Learning Technique ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Fuzzy C Means Algorithm

The thyroid hormones secreted by thyroid gland are interrelated with many metabolic processes of our body. Any dysfunction of thyroid gland leads to thyroid diseases. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are the very common thyroid disorders which affect the large number of people nowadays. Prediction of thyroid diseases at right time and giving suitable medicines to the patients help them to overcome the health problems. A machine learning technique will definitely assist the physicians for the prediction and treatment of thyroid diseases. In this work, the datasets are taken from UCI repository and Fuzzy- C Means algorithm is used for the clustering the thyroid diseases

scholarly journals THYROID DISORDERS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1289-1297
Author(s):  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
Muhammad Tahir Mohy U Din ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmed ◽  
Rehan Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Background: Thyroid hormones have many effects on cardiovascular function,and deficiency or excess of thyroid hormones can result in cardiac dysfunction. Abnormalitiesof the cardiovascular system are often identified during examination of hyperthyroid andhypothyroid patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to address the effects of thyroidhormones on the cardiovascular system and the clinical relevance of the cardiovascularresponse to thyroid dysfunction. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: The studywas conducted at Allied Hospital / Punjab Medical College Faisalabad and PINUM HospitalFaisalabad. Period: October 2014 to August 2015. Materials and Methods: Total 100 patientswith thyroid disease (Hypo/hyperthyroidism) were enrolled in the study. Any patient age ≥20years, that had documented history of thyroid disease (Hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism) oron medications for thyroid disorder was recruited in this study. Results: Total 100 consecutivepatients with abnormal thyroid function tests who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteriawere enrolled in the study. Mean age was 47.9 ± 23.20 years. 16 % were male and 84%were female. Majority of the patients 37( 37%) were in age group 51 - 60 years. 53 % weresuffering from overt hyperthyroidism and 31 % were suffering from hypothyroidism. Subclinicalhyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism was present in 7% and 9% patients respectively. Goiterwas present in 24 % patients. Atrial fibrillation was observed in 34% hyperthyroid patients.Overall 23% were diabetics and 25% had H/O hypertension. Dyslipidemia was present in20% hyperthyroid and 25% hypothyroid patients. Echocardiography was performed in 19%patients. 7% patients undergone thyroid surgery. Overall 11% patients were suffering from CCF.Pulmonary hypertension was observed in 17% hyperthyroid and 35.48% hypothyroid patients.MeanFT4 in hypothyroid patients was 1.16±022 ng/dl. Mean TSH was 10.92±21.09 (μIU/ml)in hypothyroid and 0.19±0.14 (μIU/ml) in hyperthyroid patients. Conclusions: The outcomeof this study suggests that patients with untreated overt / subclinical thyroid dysfunction are atincreased risk of cardiovascular complications.

scholarly journals Study on thyroid function test in pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Nayak ◽  
Manorama Swain ◽  
Sujata Misra ◽  
Manju Kumari Jain
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Free T4

Thyroid disorder is a very common endocrine problem encountered by pregnant women. Maternal thyroid dysfunction is associated with adverse outcome both in mother and fetus. The aim of the study: to find out the prevalence of various thyroid disorders in pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. Materials and methods. This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, F.M. Medical College & Hospital, Balasore, Odisha from June 2020 to May 2021. 220 women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancy were included. Serum Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (FT4) and free T3 (FT3) were estimated by using electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay technique. Results. Out of 220 pregnant women screened for thyroid dysfunction, 68 were found to have thyroid disorders. 27.3 % of pregnant women had subclinical hypothyroidism, 1.4 % had overt hypothyroidism, 1.8 % had subclinical hyperthyroidism and 0.5 % had overt hyperthyroidism. Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 6.36 % when the upper reference limit of TSH level taken as 4 mIU/L. Prevalence of thyroid disorder among pregnant women in the age groups 18–25 years, 26–30 years and 31–40 years were 28.9 %, 32.1 % and 38.9 % respectively. There were 35.5 %, 28 % and 26 % pregnant women with thyroid disorders in the first, second and third trimester respectively. Prevalence of both subclinical and overt hypothyroidism were more in multigravida compared to primigravida. Conclusion. Our study revealed high prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnant women and maternal subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common pattern.

scholarly journals The study of maternal and fetal outcome in pregnant women with thyroid disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreelatha S. ◽  
Seema Nadagoudar ◽  
Asha Devi L.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Neonatal Hypothyroidism ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Thyroid disorders are among the common endocrine disorders in pregnant women after diabetes mellitus. Several changes are observed in maternal thyroid function during pregnancy and failure to adapt to these physiological changes results in thyroid dysfunction. It is well established that not only overt, but subclinical thyroid dysfunction also has adverse effect on mother and the fetus, like miscarriages, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, eclampsia, polihydromnios, placental abruption, post-partum haemorrhage, low birth weight, neonatal hypothyroidism. Decreased availability of thyroid hormones may also impair neurological and intellectual development of foetus. With this background, we are conducting a study to know the effect of thyroid disorders on pregnancy and its maternal and the fetal outcome.Methods: The present study was conducted in ESI Hospital Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore. It is a prospective study which involved 100 patients diagnosed to have thyroid disorder during their antenatal checkup in the first trimister. It also includes known cases of thyroid disorder. TSH level was estimated. If it is deranged, then FT3 and FT4 levels estimated. Patients were managed accordingly and followed till delivery. Their obstetric and perinatal outcomes were noted.Results: In our study out of 100 cases, 96 cases are subclinical hypohyroid and 4 cases are subclinical hyperthyroid. Subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy are associated with abortions (2.1%), Anaemia (4.20%), PIH (14.7%), GDM (4.2%), Preterm labour (3.1%), oligohydromnios (16.67%), Lscs (22.9%), PPH (6.3%), LBW (21.9%), Hyperbilirubinemia (9.4%), NICU admission (14.6%), Which are co-relatine with other studies and hyperthyroid cases in our study were not sufficient for outcome analysis.Conclusions: Thyroid disorders in pregnancy have adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcome emphasizing the importance of routine antenatal thyroid screening.

scholarly journals A study of prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in abnormal uterine bleeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2905
Author(s):  
Aditi Rai ◽  
Sapna Raina
Keyword(s):  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total N ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most frequent presentation to gynecology OPD. AUB is a common but complicated clinical presentation and occurs in 15-20% of women between menarche to menopause and significantly affects the women’s health. Thyroid disorders are more common in women than in men and cause abnormal sexual development, menstrual irregularity, infertility and premature menopause. Objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid disorders in women in reproductive age group with AUB.Methods: A hospital based prospective cross sectional observational study was carried out in department of obstetrics and gynecology, Mazumdar-Shaw Cancer and Medical Center and Narayana Hrudayalaya Hospital at Narayana Health City, Bangalore with abnormal uterine bleeding during the period of 2 years (December 2015 to November 2017), total 153 patients were included in the study. All women with AUB in reproductive age group were included. Diagnosed cases of ovarian cyst, uterine fibroid, polyp, adenomyosis, endometriosis and malignant (endometrial and cervical) tumors were excluded. Women who are on drugs or hormone therapy (for past 3 months. IUCD users/oral contraceptives pill user. Patients with known case of thyroid disorder, carcinoma thyroid patients with history of coagulation disorder, liver disorder, renal disorder, tuberculosis.Results: A total N=115 (75.2%) of patients who took part in this study had euthyroid status. The estimated prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 24.9%. Out of which n=22 (14.4%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, n=14 (9.2%) had overt hypothyroidism, n=2 (1.3%) had hyperthyroidism. The most common thyroid dysfunction amongst the study group was noted to be subclinical hypothyroidism (14.4%).Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of thyroid disorders in cases which are clinically diagnosed as AUB. TSH is most sensitive test in detecting thyroid dysfunction. Subclinical cases need to be treated. Hence thyroid function evaluation should be made mandatory in cases of AUB to detect thyroid dysfunction.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characteristics of Thyroid Abnormalities and Its Association with Anemia in ASIR Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-504
Author(s):  
Saif Aboud M. Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Asir Region

The thyroid gland plays a significant role in the metabolism and proliferation of blood cells; hematological disorders are frequently observed in patients with thyroid disorders, and the most frequent problem is anemia. The main objective of this research work is to evaluate the prevalence and types of thyroid dysfunction and their association with anemia in different gender stratified by age in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. Four years of data from July 2016 to July 2020 for 9992 study subjects were collected. Statistical analysis was performed based on thyroid disorder and anemia stratified by gender and age subgroup. The mean age of the study subject was 43.4 ± 15.8 years, and females constituted 61.7% of cases. Thyroid dysfunction was observed in 49.76% (4973), and subclinical hypothyroidism was the most prevalent type (3922/9992), followed by primary hypothyroidism (530/9992). Females have a significantly higher overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction than males (p < 0.05). Anemia was detected in 1344 females and 465 males with a thyroid disorder, and also, the prevalence was significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to the normal thyroid group. Thyroid disorders are a common problem in our population, more prevalent in females than males, with the peak age of above 30 years, and are associated with an increased prevalence of anemia.

scholarly journals Histomorphological Patterns of Lesions in Thyroid Specimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Kainaat Ali ◽  
Sidra Bibi ◽  
Aasiya Niazi
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Inflammatory Lesion ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: The thyroid gland is an important endocrine organ required for the regulation of the basal metabolic rate. It also plays a very important role in growth. Thyroid disorders have great importance because most thyroid diseases are curable. In any area, thyroid gland disorders have a variable incidence and prevalence depending upon several factors. The objective of the study is to find out the relation of age and gender with the frequency of various thyroid lesions.Materials & Methods: It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out on thyroidectomy specimens received at the histopathology laboratory of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. From January 2015 to June 2018, 242 thyroidectomy specimens were selected based on non-probability consecutive sampling. Reports with no clear-cut definitive diagnosis were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.Results: In our study of 242 thyroidectomy specimens, patients' age ranged from 4 to 70 years. 40 to 49 years was the peak age and the mean age was 37.1 years. The female to male ratio was 6.4:1. Of 242 cases, 18(7.4%) were neoplastic thyroid lesions and 224(92.6%) were non-neoplastic ones. Hyperplastic lesions were the most common in our study. The frequency of the inflammatory lesion was 4.1% with Hashimoto thyroiditis (80%) being the most common. The frequency of benign neoplasm was 2.1%. A follicular adenoma was the only benign thyroid neoplasm in our study. The frequency of malignant neoplasm was 5.4%. The most common subtype of thyroid malignancy was papillary thyroid carcinoma (76.9% of the malignant cases). Among a total of 242 cases, 83.1%(n=201) patients had only one presenting complaint (neck swelling). Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are more common in females compared to males. The hyperplastic lesion is the most common type seen. In this study, the most common benign neoplasm is follicular adenoma and the most common malignant neoplasm is papillary carcinoma. Neck swelling is the commonest presenting complaint in our study participants.

scholarly journals Review on Hypothyroidism as per Ayurveda

The Healer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Dr. Sirjana Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Endocrine Disorder ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Contemporary Medicine ◽  
Day By Day

Hyperthyroidism is one of the most common disorder of Thyroid gland which is increasing day by day globally especially in developing countries. Ayurvedic classics have no direct reference of Hyperthyroidism. Considering various factors, it can be compared with Atyagni or Tikshnagni or Bhasmaka Roga (related to increased agni). Approaximately 300 million people worldwide are affected by thyroid dysfunction as it is a common endocrine disorder. Globally about 1-5% population are affected by hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of thyroid disorders in Nepalese population is 4.32% and among them 13.7% population has Hyperthyroidism. Available treatments of Hyperthyroidism in contemporary medicine cause lots of adverse effects and complications in the long run. So, it is very necessary to find out an effective alternative treatment for hyperthyroidism. Therefore this study was an attempt to get the understanding of disease Hyperthyroidism as per Ayurveda through various Ayurvedic principles so as to set its management strategies. Keywords: Hyperthyroidism, Atyagni, Tiksnagni, Bhasmaka rog  

scholarly journals Thyroid disorder: treatment with acupuncture

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blagica Arsovska ◽  
Jihe Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Disorder Treatment ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Made In

<p class="abstract">The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck secreting thyroid hormones. When hormones are not secreted properly, the two conditions may occur - hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Acupuncture as a treatment for thyroid disorders is used very common and it can improve the symptoms significantly. The patients is a 42 year old woman, who first came to the clinic on 14.02.2013 with very low level of TSH=0,2. Since then she has made 29 treatments in a period of three years, until 12.01.2016. Acupuncture treatments were made in a clinic for Traditional Chinese Medicine and acupuncture in Skopje, Macedonia. During the treatment her hormone levels normalized, although she faced and unplanned pregnancy and went from hyperthyroidism to hypothyroidism. The last results are from the analysis made on 12.01.2016 - FT4=9, 7 TSH=2,9 TPO&lt;10 TG&lt;20. Acupuncture has a positive effect as a treatment for thyroid disorders, regulating the flow of the energy and restoring the balance of the internal state of the body. </p>

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