scholarly journals Strengthening Quality of Chaotic Bit Sequences

Electronics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Michal Melosik ◽  
Wieslaw Marszalek
Keyword(s):  
Lorenz System ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Chaotic Signal ◽  
Periodic Sequence ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Finite Precision ◽  
Xor Operation ◽  
Chaotic Signals

We discuss chaos and its quality as measured through the 0-1 test for chaos. When the 0-1 test indicates deteriorating quality of chaos, because of the finite precision representations of real numbers in digital implementations, then the process may eventually lead to a periodic sequence. A simple method for improving the quality of a chaotic signal is to mix the signal with another signal by using the XOR operation. In this paper, such mixing of weak chaotic signals is considered, yielding new signals with improved quality (with K values from the 0-1 test close to 1). In some sense, such a mixing of signals could be considered as a two-layer prevention strategy to maintain chaos. That fact may be important in those applications when the hardware resources are limited. The 0-1 test is used to show the improved chaotic behavior in the case when a continuous signal (for example, from the Chua, Rössler or Lorenz system) intermingles with a discrete signal (for example, from the logistic, Tinkerbell or Henon map). The analysis is presented for chaotic bit sequences. Our approach can further lead to hardware applications, and possibly, to improvements in the design of chaotic bit generators. Several illustrative examples are included.

scholarly journals Adaptive Control of Chaotic Signals: Investigated by Simulation Software and Real Electronic Circuits

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hsiung Yang ◽  
Che-Lun Chang ◽  
Shih-Yu Li
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Chaotic Signal ◽  
Data Encryption ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Information Protection ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Chaotic Signals ◽  
Simulation Results

Chaotic behavior is complicated, sensitive, and has the feature of great variety, which are the most potential signals to be applied in data encryption, secure communication, medical information protection, etc. As a consequence, in this paper, we try to propose three different ways to show our data generating results step by step, which means it can be proved effectively and used in practice: (1) Chaotic solutions simulated by MATLAB, (2) chaotic motion drawn via electronic circuits software Multisim, and (3) chaotic signal implemented on real electronic circuits with breadboard. In advance, following the same design principal, the adaptive chaotic signal is also designed and presented in the end of this article for further study, which provides a more flexible and variable chaotic signal to enhance the encryption effectiveness. The experimental results are extremely close to the two simulation results and can definitely be technically transferred to real encryption application.

Dynamics, Synchronization and Electronic Implementations of a New Lorenz-like Chaotic System with Nonhyperbolic Equilibria

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (14) ◽  
pp. 1950197 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Kamdem Kuate ◽  
Qiang Lai ◽  
Hilaire Fotsin
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic System ◽  
Chaotic Systems ◽  
Lorenz System ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Adaptive Synchronization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
The Lorenz System

The Lorenz system has attracted increasing attention on the issue of its simplification in order to produce the simplest three-dimensional chaotic systems suitable for secure information processing. Meanwhile, Sprott’s work on elegant chaos has revealed a set of 19 chaotic systems all described by simple algebraic equations. This paper presents a new piecewise-linear chaotic system emerging from the simplification of the Lorenz system combined with the elegance of Sprott systems. Unlike the majority, the new system is a non-Shilnikov chaotic system with two nonhyperbolic equilibria. It is multiplier-free, variable-boostable and exclusively based on absolute value and signum nonlinearities. The use of familiar tools such as Lyapunov exponents spectra, bifurcation diagrams, frequency power spectra as well as Poincaré map help to demonstrate its chaotic behavior. The novel system exhibits inverse period doubling bifurcations and multistability. It has only five terms, one bifurcation parameter and a total amplitude controller. These features allow a simple and low cost electronic implementation. The adaptive synchronization of the novel system is investigated and the corresponding electronic circuit is presented to confirm its feasibility.

scholarly journals Effect of the Use of Metronome Feedback on the Quality of Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8087
Author(s):  
Dongjun Yang ◽  
Wongyu Lee ◽  
Jehyeok Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Compression Rate ◽  
Audio Feedback ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Pediatric Resuscitation ◽  
Cpr Quality

Although the use of audio feedback with devices such as metronomes during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a simple method for improving CPR quality, its effect on the quality of pediatric CPR has not been adequately evaluated. In this study, 64 healthcare providers performed CPR (with one- and two-handed chest compression (OHCC and THCC, respectively)) on a pediatric resuscitation manikin (Resusci Junior QCPR), with and without audio feedback using a metronome (110 beats/min). CPR was performed on the floor, with a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2. For both OHCC and THCC, the rate of achievement of an adequate compression rate during CPR was significantly higher when performed with metronome feedback than that without metronome feedback (CPR with vs. without feedback: 100.0% (99.0, 100.0) vs. 94.0% (69.0, 99.0), p < 0.001, for OHCC, and 100.0% (98.5, 100.0) vs. 91.0% (34.5, 98.5), p < 0.001, for THCC). However, the rate of achievement of adequate compression depth during the CPR performed was significantly higher without metronome feedback than that with metronome feedback (CPR with vs. without feedback: 95.0% (23.5, 99.5) vs. 98.5% (77.5, 100.0), p = 0.004, for OHCC, and 99.0% (95.5, 100.0) vs. 100.0% (99.0, 100.0), p = 0.003, for THCC). Although metronome feedback during pediatric CPR could increase the rate of achievement of adequate compression rates, it could cause decreased compression depth.

A simple method for evaluating image quality of screen-film system using a high-performance digital camera

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naotoshi Fujita ◽  
Asumi Yamazaki ◽  
Katsuhiro Ichikawa ◽  
Yoshie Kodera
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Film System ◽  
Simple Method

Screening Youth Soccer Players by Means of Cognitive Function and Agility Testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110402
Author(s):  
Nicola Lovecchio ◽  
Gianluca Manes ◽  
Luca Filipas ◽  
Matteo Giuriato ◽  
Antonio La Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Inhibitory Response ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Gross Motor Skills ◽  
Youth Soccer

Talent identification in sports is a heavily debated topic. Previous studies have separately explored either executive functions or gross motor skills to predict the success of top-level soccer players or, more generally, to characterize elite performance in soccer. However, at mid-childhood, the possibility to scope sport-specific requirements remains elusive. We aimed in this study to investigate a valid and simple method of testing for a unique combination of cognitive and speed abilities for identifying promising soccer players at mid-childhood. We measured cognitive functions by means of a Stroop smartphone application and agility with a T-Drill Ball-success test, in two groups of (a) elite- ( n = 31) and (b) low-division ( n = 37) Italian 7-year-old male soccer players. We administered the tests in a randomized order to both groups. We found better inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and soccer-specific agility in high-division versus low-division players ( p < .001). Inhibitory response and agility were positively associated with the augmented quality of the performance from low-division players to high-division players ( r = .55; p = .0001). These results suggest that, even at an early age, cognitive control together with soccer-specific skills is associated with better performance.

Reconstruction of a Symbolic Periodic Sequence from a Sequence with Noise

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 531-541
Author(s):  
G. N. Zhukova ◽  
◽  
M. V. Ulyanov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length ◽  
Edit Distance ◽  
Periodic Sequence ◽  
Levenshtein Distance ◽  
Original Sequence ◽  
Fixed Length ◽  
Approximating Sequence ◽  
Period Estimate ◽  
Correct Comparison

The problem of constructing a periodic sequence consisting of at least eight periods is considered, based on a given sequence obtained from an unknown periodic sequence, also containing at least eight periods, by introducing noise of deletion, replacement, and insertion of symbols. To construct a periodic sequence that approximates a given one, distorted by noise, it is first required to estimate the length of the repeating fragment (period). Further, the distorted original sequence is divided into successive sections of equal length; the length takes on integer values from 80 to 120 % of the period estimate. Each obtained section is compared with each of the remaining sections, a section is selected to build a periodic sequence that has the minimum edit distance (Levenshtein distance) to any of the remaining sections, minimization is carried out over all sections of a fixed length, and then along all lengths from 80 to 120 % of period estimates. For correct comparison of fragments of different lengths, we consider the ration between the edit distance and the length of the fragment. The length of a fragment that minimizes the ratio of the edit distance to another fragment of the same length to the fragment length is considered the period of the approximating periodic sequence, and the fragment itself, repeating the required number of times, forms an approximating sequence. The constructed sequence may contain an incomplete repeating fragment at the end. The quality of the approximation is estimated by the ratio of the edit distance from the original distorted sequence to the constructed periodic sequence of the same length and this length.

Effects of Railway Noise on Residents’ in A Residential Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Ria Anggreani Syahputri ◽  
Budi Damianto
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Urban Village ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
Influence Of Noise

Population growth in Depok City is large and not in accordance with development land causes many residents’ to build houses with conditions <5 meters from the line of Electric Rail Train or Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL); this causes changes in the quality of the environment, including noise. The objective of this study is to determine the noise level, and the results will be compared with the standard noise level of the residential area; also, to find the influence of noise on residents’. This research was conducted in the area of ​​Rawa Geni Raya Street, 1st Neighborhood, Ratu Jaya Urban Village, Depok City. Noise measurements were carried out at 5-points using a simple method with a noise level measuring instrument (SLM). At one time, the measurement was taken for 10 minutes with a reading time of every 5 seconds. The questionnaire was measured using a Purposive Random Sampling technique, and the number of samples was calculated using the Slovin formula. The results of this study indicate that the 5-point noise level exceeds the recommended threshold according to KEPMEN LH 48 of 1996 and PERMENKES 718/1987 at  55 dB(A). The largest value for the 24-hour noise level (LSM) is at point 1, which is 5 m from the KRL line. The noise level on the weekday is 75.32 dB(A) and 74.24 dB(A) on weekends. According to PERMENKES No 718/1987, the location of point 1 should be included in Area D as an industrial zone, plant, railway station, and bus terminal. The results of questionnaires by 34 respondents showed that the noise generated by KRL was noisy and the majority of respondents agreed the noise affected the comfort level; in terms of health, respondents agreed KRL noise caused sleep disturbances and hearing loss.

Chaos in the Periodically Parametrically Excited Lorenz System

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (08) ◽  
pp. 2130024
Author(s):  
Weisheng Huang ◽  
Xiao-Song Yang
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Dynamics ◽  
Lorenz System ◽  
Stable Equilibrium ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Parametrically Excited ◽  
The Lorenz System

We demonstrate in this paper a new chaotic behavior in the Lorenz system with periodically excited parameters. We focus on the parameters with which the Lorenz system has only two asymptotically stable equilibrium points, a saddle and no chaotic dynamics. A new mechanism of generating chaos in the periodically excited Lorenz system is demonstrated by showing that some trajectories can visit different attractor basins due to the periodic variations of the attractor basins of the time-varying stable equilibrium points when a parameter of the Lorenz system is varying periodically.

A Signal Detection Method for Harmonic Signal Submerged in Complex Noise Background

2013 ◽  
Vol 397-400 ◽  
pp. 2262-2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Juan Quan ◽  
Xiao Dong Sun ◽  
Lan Xiang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Background Noise ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Wavelet Packet ◽  
Harmonic Signal ◽  
Chaotic Signal ◽  
Music Algorithm ◽  
Harmonic Frequency ◽  
Multiple Signal Classification ◽  
Chaotic Signals ◽  
Correlation Characteristic

This paper presents a method to detect weak harmonic signal embedded in chaotic noise. Using different correlation characteristic of harmonic and chaotic signal ,we can transform the sample signal to a new data sequence which has new harmonic . The new harmonic frequency is m times of the original harmonic and beyond the center bandwidth of noise. Then use wavelet packet decomposition to analysis the energy distribution of harmonic and chaotic signals and extract the component which the harmonic energy concentrated on, In the end, a multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is employed to estimate harmonic frequencies . The method suit for the complex background noise (strong chaotic noise and gaussian noise).

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