scholarly journals Investigations of AC Microgrid Energy Management Systems Using Distributed Energy Resources and Plug-in Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umashankar Subramaniam ◽  
Swaminathan Ganesan ◽  
Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar ◽  
Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban ◽  
Frede Blaabjerg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Generator System ◽  
The World ◽  
Uninterruptible Power ◽  
Electrical Generation

The world has witnessed a rapid transformation in the field of electrical generation, transmission and distribution. We have been constantly developing and upgrading our technology to make the system more economically efficient. Currently, the industry faces an acute shortage of energy resources due to overconsumption by industries worldwide. This has compelled experts to look for alternatives to fossil fuels and other conventional sources of energy to produce energy in a more sustainable manner. The microgrid concept has gained popularity over the years and has become a common sight all over the world because of the ability of a microgrid to provide power to a localized section without being dependent on conventional resources. This paper focuses on development of such an AC hybrid microgrid, which receives power from distributed energy resources (DERs) such as a PV array alongside a battery storage system, and also uses an emergency diesel generator system and an online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system to provide power to predefined loads under different conditions. This paper also addresses on the power flow to the loads under two main modes of operation—on grid and off grid—and investigates the microgrid in different states and sub-states. The final objective is to design an efficient microgrid model such that it can sustain the multiple loads simultaneously under all operating conditions.

scholarly journals Centralized Scheduling of Distributed Energy Resources in an Isolated Micro grid

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 3580-3583
Keyword(s):  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Battery Energy Storage System ◽  
Battery Energy Storage ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Battery Energy

Micro grid comprises of various Distributed Energy Resources, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and various loads that can be connected to a grid or can be operated in an isolated mode. In this paper, micro grid comprises of a Diesel Generator set, wind turbine generator, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to feed a critical load in an isolated location. The intermittent energy from wind power is stored in BESS and a Centralized micro controller program is used to schedule the operation of Diesel Generator and BESS to provide an uninterrupted power supply to the critical load. The communication link between the microcontroller and Distribution Energy Resources will be a satellite link (GPRS/3G/4G/5G) or optical fibre cable. The main objective of this work is to reduce the usage of diesel generator output and utilizing the renewable energy in place of it to its maximum capacity. Meanwhile by proper scheduling, continuous working of BESS is ensured within its SOC limits. In this work, MATLAB simulation is used to simulate the load sharing among Diesel Generator and BESS. A hardware prototype is designed in proteus software and the hardware prototype is fabricated to verify the simulation results.

scholarly journals VIRTUS Project: A Scalable Aggregation Platform for the Intelligent Virtual Management of Distributed Energy Resources

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3663
Author(s):  
Stefano Bianchi ◽  
Allegra De Filippo ◽  
Sandro Magnani ◽  
Gabriele Mosaico ◽  
Federico Silvestro
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Virtual Management ◽  
Optimization And Simulation

The VIRTUS project aims to create a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) prototype coordinating the Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) of the power system and providing services to the system operators and the various players of the electricity markets, with a particular focus on the industrial sector agents. The VPP will be able to manage a significant number of DERs and simulate realistic plants, components, and market data to study different operating conditions and the future impact of the policy changes of the Balancing Markets (BM). This paper describes the project’s aim, the general structure of the proposed framework, and its optimization and simulation modules. Then, we assess the scalability of the optimization module, designed to provide the maximum possible flexibility to the system operators, exploiting the simulation module of the VPP.

Evaluation of Commercial Building Clusters With Energy Storage to Reduce Reliance on Electrical Utility Grids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Kaminski ◽  
Philip Odonkor
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
And Storage

Abstract The decreasing cost of implementation and increasing regulatory incentive to lower energy use have led to an increased adoption of distributed energy resources in recent years. This increased adoption has been further fueled by a surge in energy consciousness and the expansion of energy-saving products and technologies. To lower reliance on the electrical grid and fully realize the benefits of distributed energy resources, many consumers have also elected to use battery systems to store generated energy. For owners of multiple buildings, or multiple owners willing to share the operational cost, building clusters may be formed to more effectively take advantage of these distributed resources and storage systems. The implementation of these systems in existing buildings introduces the question of what makes a “good” building cluster. Furthermore, the scalable nature of distributed energy sources and storage systems create countless possibilities for system configuration. Through comparison of unique two-building clusters from a stock of five buildings with a given distributed energy resource (in this case, a solar photovoltaic panel array) and energy storage system, we develop a fundamental understanding of the underlying factors that allow building clusters to be less reliant on the utility grid and make better use of energy generation and storage systems.

Análise da Inserção de Sistemas de Armazenamento de Energia por Bateria na Rede Elétrica - Estudo de Caso

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayssa Silva Leal ◽  
Paulo Davi A. de Freitas Araujo ◽  
Patrick Diego A. da Silva ◽  
Diógenes M. R. de Sousa ◽  
Samuel Pereira da Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy

Atualmente o estudo da aplicabilidade de recursos energeticos distribudos (distributed energy resources - DER) apresenta-se como fundamental no que se refere ao suprimento, conabilidade e qualidade da energia eletrica. Isso se deve, dentre outros fatores, ao aumento signicativo da geração distribuda (GD), em especial a partir de energia eólica, solar e biomassa, as quais apresentam maior variabilidade do que o previsto no modelo classico de controle do sistema eletrico. Uma possvel solução e o uso de sistemas de armazenamento de energia (ESS -energy storage system), os quais podem proporcionar estabilidade da rede, alem de, possibilitar a conservação de recursos energéticos fosseis e reduzir o impacto ambiental de geração de energia. Nesse sentido, este trabalho e resultado de um projeto de P&D/ANEEL, cujos objetivos foram, desenvolver uma solução, atraves de um produto nacional combinando hardware e software e construir plantas hbridas utilizando usinas fotovoltaicas e geração com biomassa combinadas com armazenamento de energia utilizando baterias. Para avaliação e validação das melhorias na rede uma planta experimental com ESS a baterias e GD fotovoltaica foi construda, permitindo injeção ou consumo controlados de potência ativa e reativa na rede eletrica. Uma breve revisão sobre sistemas de armazenamento, mas especicamente baterias, e concentrando o estudo nas baterias de chumbo acido e ons de ltio, tecnologias estas utilizadas na planta em estudo. Foram adquiridos dados da planta real e corroborados com simulações realizadas na plataforma MATLAB/SIMULINKTM a partir dos quais foram realizadas analises do comportamento da inserção de DER, na rede eletrica.

scholarly journals Microgrid Controller Testing Using Power Hardware-in-the-Loop

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kikusato ◽  
Taha Selim Ustun ◽  
Masaichi Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Sugahara ◽  
Jun Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
Set Operations ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Single Function ◽  
The Difference

Required functions of a microgrid become divers because there are many possible configurations that depend on the location. In order to effectively implement the microgrid system, which consists of a microgrid controller and components with distributed energy resources (DERs), thorough tests should be run to validate controller operation for possible operating conditions. Power-hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation is a validation method that allows different configurations and yields reliable results. However, PHIL configuration for testing the microgrid controller that can evaluate the communication between a microgrid controller and components as well as the power interaction among microgrid components has not been discussed. Additionally, the difference of the power rating of microgrid components between the deployment site and the test lab needs to be adjusted. In this paper, we configured the PHIL environment, which integrates various equipment in the laboratory with a digital real-time simulation (DRTS), to address these two issues of microgrid controller testing. The test in the configured PHIL environment validated two main functions of the microgrid controller, which supports the diesel generator set operations by controlling the DER, regarding single function and simultaneously activated multiple functions.

scholarly journals Microgrid and Distributed Energy Resources Standards and Guidelines Review: Grid Connection and Operation Technical Requirements

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
David Rebollal ◽  
Miguel Carpintero-Rentería ◽  
David Santos-Martín ◽  
Mónica Chinchilla
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
International Standards ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Grid Connection ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Common Framework

In this review, the state of the art of 23 distributed generation and microgrids standards has been analyzed. Among these standards, 18 correspond mainly to distributed generation while five of them introduce the concept of microgrid. The following topics have been considered: interconnection criteria, operating conditions, control capabilities, power quality, protection functions and reference variables. The revised national standards cover ten countries on four continents, which represents 80% of the countries with the largest installed renewable capacities. In addition, eight other relevant international standards have been analyzed, finding IEEE 1547 as the most comprehensive standard. It is identified a clear need to define a common framework for distributed energy resources (DERs) and microgrid standards in the future, wherein topics, terminology, and values are expressed in a manner that may widely cover the entire diversity in a way similar to how it has already been expressed at the network transport level by the ENTSO-E codes.

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