scholarly journals Modelling and Analysis of Energy Harvesting in Internet of Things (IoT): Characterization of a Thermal Energy Harvesting Circuit for IoT based Applications with LTC3108

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syeda Adila Afghan ◽  
Husi Géza
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Circuit Simulation ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Resistive Loads

This paper presents a simulation-based study for characterizing and analyzing the performance of a commercially available thermoelectric cooler (TEC) as a generator for harvesting heat energy along with a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) power management integrated circuit (PMIC); LTC3108. In this model, the transformation of heat was considered in terms of an electrical circuit simulation perspective, where temperature experienced by TEC on both cold and hot sides was incorporated with voltage supply as Vth and Vtc in the circuit. When it comes to modeling a system in a simulation program with an integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) like environment, the selection of thermoelectric generator (TEG) and extraction methods are not straightforward as well as the lack of information from manufacturer’s datasheets can limit the grip over the analysis parameters of the module. Therefore, it is mandatory to create a prototype before implementing it over a physical system for energy harvesting circuit (EHC) optimization. The major goal was to establish the basis for devising the thermal energy scavenging based Internet of Things (IoT) system with two configurations of voltage settings for the same TEG model. This study measured the data in terms of current, voltage, series of resistive loads and various temperature gradients for generating the required power. These generated power levels from EHC prototype were able to sustain the available IoT component’s power requirement, hence it could be considered for the implementation of IoT based applications.

Energy Harvesting Methods for Internet of Things

2016 ◽  
pp. 51-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasaki Ponnusamy ◽  
Yen Pei Tay ◽  
Lam Hong Lee ◽  
Tang Jung Low ◽  
Cheah Wai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
New Research

Internet of Things (IoT) has becoming a central theme in current technology trend whereby objects, people or even animals and plants can exchange information over the Internet. IoT can be referred as a network of interconnected devices such as wearables, sensors and implantables, that has the ability to sense, interact and make collective decisions autonomously. In short, IoT enables a full spectrum of machine-to-machine communications equipped with distributed data collection capabilities and connected through the cloud to facilitate centralized data analysis. Despite its great potential, the reliability of IoT devices is impeded with limited energy supply if these devices were to deploy particularly in energy-scarced locations or where no human intervention is possible. The best possible deployment of IoT technology is directed to cater for unattended situations like structural or environmental health monitoring. This opens up a new research area in IoT energy efficiency domain. A possible alternative to address such energy constraint is to look into re-generating power of IoT devices or more precisely known as energy harvesting or energy scavenging. This chapter presents the review of various energy harvesting mechanisms, current application of energy harvesting in IoT domain and its future design challenges.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Energy Harvesting Design for On-Body Internet-of-Things (IoT) Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar A. Saraereh ◽  
Amer Alsaraira ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Bong Jun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Hybrid Energy Harvesting ◽  
Monitoring Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet-of-things (IoT) has been gradually paving the way for the pervasive connectivity of wireless networks. Due to the ability to connect a number of devices to the Internet, many applications of IoT networks have recently been proposed. Though these applications range from industrial automation to smart homes, healthcare applications are the most critical. Providing reliable connectivity among wearables and other monitoring devices is one of the major tasks of such healthcare networks. The main source of power for such low-powered IoT devices is the batteries, which have a limited lifetime and need to be replaced or recharged periodically. In order to improve their lifecycle, one of the most promising proposals is to harvest energy from the ambient resources in the environment. For this purpose, we designed an energy harvesting protocol that harvests energy from two ambient energy sources, namely radio frequency (RF) at 2.4 GHz and thermal energy. A rectenna is used to harvest RF energy, while the thermoelectric generator (TEG) is employed to harvest human thermal energy. To verify the proposed design, extensive simulations are performed in Green Castalia, which is a framework that is used with the Castalia simulator in OMNeT++. The results show significant improvements in terms of the harvested energy and lifecycle improvement of IoT devices.

Energy Harvesting Methods for Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
pp. 956-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasaki Ponnusamy ◽  
Yen Pei Tay ◽  
Lam Hong Lee ◽  
Tang Jung Low ◽  
Cheah Wai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
New Research

Internet of Things (IoT) has becoming a central theme in current technology trend whereby objects, people or even animals and plants can exchange information over the Internet. IoT can be referred as a network of interconnected devices such as wearables, sensors and implantables, that has the ability to sense, interact and make collective decisions autonomously. In short, IoT enables a full spectrum of machine-to-machine communications equipped with distributed data collection capabilities and connected through the cloud to facilitate centralized data analysis. Despite its great potential, the reliability of IoT devices is impeded with limited energy supply if these devices were to deploy particularly in energy-scarced locations or where no human intervention is possible. The best possible deployment of IoT technology is directed to cater for unattended situations like structural or environmental health monitoring. This opens up a new research area in IoT energy efficiency domain. A possible alternative to address such energy constraint is to look into re-generating power of IoT devices or more precisely known as energy harvesting or energy scavenging. This chapter presents the review of various energy harvesting mechanisms, current application of energy harvesting in IoT domain and its future design challenges.

scholarly journals Pyroelectric Energy Conversion and Its Applications—Flexible Energy Harvesters and Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Thakre ◽  
Ajeet Kumar ◽  
Hyun-Cheol Song ◽  
Dae-Yong Jeong ◽  
Jungho Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Sensing Applications

Among the various forms of natural energies, heat is the most prevalent and least harvested energy. Scavenging and detecting stray thermal energy for conversion into electrical energy can provide a cost-effective and reliable energy source for modern electrical appliances and sensor applications. Along with this, flexible devices have attracted considerable attention in scientific and industrial communities as wearable and implantable harvesters in addition to traditional thermal sensor applications. This review mainly discusses thermal energy conversion through pyroelectric phenomena in various lead-free as well as lead-based ceramics and polymers for flexible pyroelectric energy harvesting and sensor applications. The corresponding thermodynamic heat cycles and figures of merit of the pyroelectric materials for energy harvesting and heat sensing applications are also briefly discussed. Moreover, this study provides guidance on designing pyroelectric materials for flexible pyroelectric and hybrid energy harvesting.

Energy scavenging from ultra-low temperature gradients

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1008-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Anant Kishore ◽  
Brenton Davis ◽  
Jake Greathouse ◽  
Austin Hannon ◽  
David Emery Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Thermal Energy Harvesting

Thermal energy harvesting from natural resources and waste heat is becoming critical due to ever-increasing environmental concerns.

Vibration Energy Harvesting From a Hydraulic Engine Mount via PZT Decoupler

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farbod Khameneifar ◽  
Siamak Arzanpour ◽  
Mehrdad Moallem
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Rubber Layer ◽  
Engine Mount

Engine is one of the major sources of vibration in a vehicle. An engine mount is the device for isolating the body of vehicles from these vibrations. Harvesting the ambient energy of the vibrating fluid inside a hydraulic engine mount and converting it to the electricity is discussed in this paper. The energy harvester mechanism consists of two piezoelectric bimorph cantilevers with tuning tip masses with the beams covered by a thin layer of rubber. The deflections of the thin rubber layer induce vibrations in the beams which result in electrical power to be generated through the piezoelectric beams. The generated power can be used to recharge the battery for pressure sensors inside the engine mount. This novel harvester is tuned to work in the low frequency, high amplitude excitation environment of the engine. A mathematical model for this energy harvesting application is derived in this paper. Based on this model, the optimum load of the electrical circuit is also obtained. Simulation studies demonstrate performance of the energy harvester and predict the output voltage and maximum power which can be extracted from the energy scavenging device.

Heusler alloy-based heat engine using pyroelectric conversion for small-scale thermal energy harvesting

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 116617
Author(s):  
Mickaël Lallart ◽  
Linjuan Yan ◽  
Hiroyuki Miki ◽  
Gaël Sebald ◽  
Gildas Diguet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Heusler Alloy ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Thermal Energy Harvesting

scholarly journals Sensor System: A Survey of Sensor Type, Ad Hoc Network Topology and Energy Harvesting Techniques

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Phuoc Duc Nguyen ◽  
Lok-won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Term Operation

People nowadays are entering an era of rapid evolution due to the generation of massive amounts of data. Such information is produced with an enormous contribution from the use of billions of sensing devices equipped with in situ signal processing and communication capabilities which form wireless sensor networks (WSNs). As the number of small devices connected to the Internet is higher than 50 billion, the Internet of Things (IoT) devices focus on sensing accuracy, communication efficiency, and low power consumption because IoT device deployment is mainly for correct information acquisition, remote node accessing, and longer-term operation with lower battery changing requirements. Thus, recently, there have been rich activities for original research in these domains. Various sensors used by processing devices can be heterogeneous or homogeneous. Since the devices are primarily expected to operate independently in an autonomous manner, the abilities of connection, communication, and ambient energy scavenging play significant roles, especially in a large-scale deployment. This paper classifies wireless sensor nodes into two major categories based the types of the sensor array (heterogeneous/homogeneous). It also emphasizes on the utilization of ad hoc networking and energy harvesting mechanisms as a fundamental cornerstone to building a self-governing, sustainable, and perpetually-operated sensor system. We review systems representative of each category and depict trends in system development.

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