scholarly journals A Low EMI DC-DC Buck Converter with a Triangular Spread-Spectrum Mechanism

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 856
Author(s):  
Jing-Yuan Lin ◽  
Yi-Chieh Hsu ◽  
Yo-Da Lin
Keyword(s):  
Spread Spectrum ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Switching Regulators

In this paper, a triangular spread-spectrum mechanism is proposed to suppress the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of a DC-DC buck converter. The proposed triangular spread-spectrum mechanism, which is implemented in the chip, can avoid modifying the printed circuit board of switching regulators. In addition, a lower ripple of output voltage of switching regulators and a better system stability can be realized by the inductive DC resistance (DCR) current sensing circuit. The chip is fabricated by using TSMC 0.18-μm 1P6M CMOS technology. The chip area including PADs is 1.2 × 1.15 mm2. The input voltage range is 2.7~3.3 V and the output voltage is 1.8 V. The maximum load current is 700 mA. The off-chip inductor and capacitor are 3.3 μH and 10 μF, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the maximum spur of the proposed DC-DC buck converter with the triangular spread-spectrum mechanism improves to 14dBm. Moreover, the transient recovery time of step-up and step-down loads are both 5 μs. The measured maximum efficiency is 94% when the load current is 200 mA.

scholarly journals Adaptive On-Time Buck Converter with Wave Tracking Reference Control for Output Regulation Accuracy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3809
Author(s):  
Pang-Jung Liu ◽  
Mao-Hui Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Output Regulation ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Frequency Variation ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Equivalent Series Resistance ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Dc Offset

A ripple-based constant on-time (RBCOT) buck converter with a virtual inductor current ripple (VICR) control can relax the stability constraint of large equivalent series resistance (ESR) at an output capacitor, but output regulation accuracy deteriorates due to the issue with output DC offset. Thus, this paper proposes a wave tracking reference (WTR) control to improve converter stability with low ESR and concurrently eliminate output DC offset on the regulated output voltage. Moreover, an adaptive on-time (AOT) circuit is presented to suppress the switching frequency variation with load current changes in continuous conduction mode. A prototype chip was fabricated in 0.35 µm CMOS technology for validation. The measurement results demonstrate that the maximum output DC offset is 4.1 mV and the output voltage ripple is as small as 3 mV. Furthermore, the switching frequency variation with the AOT circuit is 11 kHz when load current changes from 50 mA to 500 mA, and the measured maximum efficiency is 90.9% for the maximum output power of 900 mW.

A Time-Domain-Controlled Current-Mode Buck Converter With Wide Output Voltage Range

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Gyu Kang ◽  
Jeongpyo Park ◽  
Min-Gyu Jeong ◽  
Changsik Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Current Mode ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Voltage Range

A voltage-mode DC—DC buck converter with fast output voltage-tracking speed and wide output voltage range

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 055005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Yang ◽  
Baixue Zhang ◽  
Yun Cao ◽  
Fengfeng Sun ◽  
Weifeng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Voltage Mode

scholarly journals High performance DC/DC buck converter using sliding mode controller

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1806
Author(s):  
Mustafa Abbas Fadel Al-Qaisi ◽  
Mohanad A. Shehab ◽  
Ammar Al-Gizi ◽  
Mohammed Al-Saadi
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Sliding Mode Controller ◽  
Maximum Output

<span>This paper investigated the performance of the sliding mode control technique for dc/dc converter using frequency response method. The applications of the step down type switching regulator) buck converter (are found in the devices that use batteries as power source like laptop, cell phones, electric vehicle, and recently, it  has also been used in the renewable energy processing, as a maximum output power can be achieved at higher efficiency. In order to optimize the efficiency and for convenient power management, the issues like power on transients, the effect of load variation, Switching and Electromagnetic interference (EMI) losses has to be overcome for which controllers are used. In the proposed method, pulse width modulation (PWM) based on proportional-integral-derivative sliding mode voltage controller (PID SMVC) is designed for a buck converter and the response for appropriate control parameters has been obtained. The system stability has been examined and analyzed from the performance characteristics, which shows clearly that the buck converter controlled by the sliding mode controller has fast dynamic response and it’s very efficient for various applications.</span>

scholarly journals The Effect of EMI Generated from Spread-Spectrum-Modulated SiC-Based Buck Converter on the G3-PLC Channel

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1416
Author(s):  
Waseem El Sayed ◽  
Piotr Lezynski ◽  
Robert Smolenski ◽  
Niek Moonen ◽  
Paolo Crovetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Spread Spectrum ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Power Converters ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Capacity Degradation ◽  
Capacity Reduction

Power line communication (PLC) is increasingly emerging as an important communication technology for the smart-grid environment. As PLC systems use the existing infrastructure, they are always exposed to conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) from switching mode power converters, which need to be tightly controlled to meet EMC regulations and to ensure the proper operation of the PLC system. For this purpose, spread-spectrum modulation (SSM) techniques are widely adopted to decrease the amplitude of the generated EMI from the power converters so as to comply with EMC regulations. In this paper, the influence of a spread-spectrum-modulated SiC-based buck converter on the G3-PLC channel performance is described in terms of channel capacity reduction using the Shannon–Hartley equation. The experimental setup was implemented to emulate a specific coupling path between the power and communication circuits and the channel capacity reduction was evaluated by the Shannon–Hartley equation in several operating scenarios and compared with the measured frame error rate. Based on the obtained results, SSM provides the EMI spectral peak amplitude reduction required to pass the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests, but results in increased EMI-induced channel capacity degradation and increased transmission error rate in PLC systems.

scholarly journals Voltage Control for DC-DC Converters

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Rahat ◽  
Abdul Basit ◽  
Muhammad Salman
Keyword(s):  
Operational Amplifier ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Cuk Converter ◽  
Conduction Mode ◽  
Continuous Conduction Mode

In this paper, we discuss voltage control method for buck converter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) using analog feedback system. The aim of this work is to control the output voltage of a buck converter during the variation in load current. This is obtained using analog feedback made with operational amplifier (Opamp). However, the same technique can be applied to other DC-DC converters (e.g boost, buck-boost, cuk converter, etc) in CCM mode, but for the purpose of analysis buck converter is chosen as an example.

scholarly journals An Adaptive and Wide-Range Output DC-DC Converter for Loading Circuit of Li-Ion Battery Charger

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Hao ◽  
Nguyen Duc Minh ◽  
Pham Nguyen Thanh Loan
Keyword(s):  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Battery Charger ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Li Ion

In this paper, an adaptive and wide-range output DC-DC converter designed for lithium-ion (Li-Ion) battery charger circuit is proposed. The converter operates in continuous conduction mode (CCM) to provide an output voltage in response to battery voltage and a wide-range output current to ensure that circuit requirements are met. This circuit is designed on Cadence using 0.35-um BCD technology. Simulation results show that the circuit fully operates in CCM mode with a load current from 50 mA to 1000 mA and output voltage ripple factor is less than 1 %. Furthermore, the current supplied to the load circuit responses to three types of Li-Ion rechargeable currents. The output voltage of the converter varies from 2.8 to 4.5 V corresponding to the voltage range of the battery being charged from 2.5 to 4.2 V. The average power efficiency of the converter in large load current mode (1000 mA) reaches 94 %.

High-voltage monitoring by the fiber-optic recirculating measuring system

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
A. V. Polyakov ◽  
M. A. Ksenofontov
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
External Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Optic Communication

Optical technologies for measuring electrical quantities attract great attention due to their unique properties and significant advantages over other technologies used in high-voltage electric power industry: the use of optical fibers ensures high stability of measuring equipment to electromagnetic interference and galvanic isolation of high-voltage sensors; external electromagnetic fields do not influence the data transmitted from optical sensors via fiber-optic communication lines; problems associated with ground loops are eliminated, there are no side electromagnetic radiation and crosstalk between the channels. The structure and operation principle of a quasi-distributed fiber-optic high-voltage monitoring system is presented. The sensitive element is a combination of a piezo-ceramic tube with an optical fiber wound around it. The device uses reverse transverse piezoelectric effect. The measurement principle is based on recording the change in the recirculation frequency under the applied voltage influence. When the measuring sections are arranged in ascending order of the measured effective voltages relative to the receiving-transmitting unit, a relative resolution of 0,3–0,45 % is achieved for the PZT-5H and 0,8–1,2 % for the PZT-4 in the voltage range 20–150 kV.

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