High-voltage monitoring by the fiber-optic recirculating measuring system

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
A. V. Polyakov ◽  
M. A. Ksenofontov
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
External Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Optic Communication

Optical technologies for measuring electrical quantities attract great attention due to their unique properties and significant advantages over other technologies used in high-voltage electric power industry: the use of optical fibers ensures high stability of measuring equipment to electromagnetic interference and galvanic isolation of high-voltage sensors; external electromagnetic fields do not influence the data transmitted from optical sensors via fiber-optic communication lines; problems associated with ground loops are eliminated, there are no side electromagnetic radiation and crosstalk between the channels. The structure and operation principle of a quasi-distributed fiber-optic high-voltage monitoring system is presented. The sensitive element is a combination of a piezo-ceramic tube with an optical fiber wound around it. The device uses reverse transverse piezoelectric effect. The measurement principle is based on recording the change in the recirculation frequency under the applied voltage influence. When the measuring sections are arranged in ascending order of the measured effective voltages relative to the receiving-transmitting unit, a relative resolution of 0,3–0,45 % is achieved for the PZT-5H and 0,8–1,2 % for the PZT-4 in the voltage range 20–150 kV.

scholarly journals High-Sensitivity Fiber-Optic Ultrasound Sensors for Medical Imaging Applications

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wen ◽  
D.G. Wiesler ◽  
A. Tveten ◽  
B. Danver ◽  
A. Dandridge
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensors ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Bending Radius ◽  
Laser Interferometers

This paper presents several designs of high-sensitivity, compact fiber-optic ultrasound sensors that may be used for medical imaging applications. These sensors translate ultrasonic pulses into strains in single-mode optical fibers, which are measured with fiber-based laser interferometers at high precision. The sensors are simpler and less expensive to make than piezoelectric sensors, and are not susceptible to electromagnetic interference. It is possible to make focal sensors with these designs, and several schemes are discussed. Because of the minimum bending radius of optical fibers, the designs are suitable for single element sensors rather than for arrays.

SOLITON–SOLITON INTERACTION IN OPTICAL FIBERS

1999 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 483-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANJAN BISWAS
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Optical Communication ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Soliton Interaction ◽  
Optical Communication System ◽  
Fiber Optic Communication ◽  
Interaction Of Solitons ◽  
Optic Communication

In an optical communication system it is necessary to place the solitons close to one another to increase the information carrying capacity of the fiber. The theory of soliton–soliton interaction in a fiber optic communication system, through a single channel, is studied in this paper. In presence of the perturbation terms, the two soliton interaction of the Nonlinear Schrödinger's Equation is investigated. It is analytically proved and numerically supported that the perturbation terms lead to the suppression of the interaction of solitons through an optical fiber.

scholarly journals Applying fiber-optic system to control shaft torque

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Alexander Sergeevich Bordyug
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Fiber Optic System

The article considers the procedure of torque control, which is very popular in a wide variety of industries with many design features. In marine power engineering the problems of determining the forces, torque on the shaft and power are solved by means of torsiometers with torque sensors. The most widely used torque sensors are of capacitive, induction, strain gauge and photoelectric types. It has been stated that there are limitations in the process of torque control due to the susceptibility of systems to the electromagnetic interference, lack of a high degree of protection for electrical equipment and necessary recalibration. Fiber optic systems have found application in torque measurement systems in the oil and gas and aerospace industries. The use of such systems on ships is more expensive in comparison with the technologies used today, for example, the systems based on strain gauges. It has been proposed to use an inexpensive optical measuring system based on the Pound-Drever-Hall technique with using a foil-clad strain gauge and an aluminum torsion rod. There has been illustrated the system of torque control, the phase graphs for the Fabry-Perot resonator and the graph of the resonator transmission spectrum are presented, the reflection coefficient value is given. A method for measuring the phase of a reflected beam from a Fabry-Perot resonator is being considered, the injection current of a laser is modulated by means of an electric oscillator to generate side stripes in the electric field of a laser beam. The carried out studies and calculations contribute to improving the reliability of the coastal power system; the possibility of their use in marine electrical systems has been proved.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF FOCL PARAMETERS IN THE RANGE OF POSITIVE TEMPERATURES

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Fiber Optic Cable ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Experimental Complex ◽  
Fiber Optic Communication ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Optic Communication ◽  
Communication Lines

This article studies the parameters of fiber-optic communication lines (FOCL) in the temperature range. For research, a climatic unit has been developed that allows a wide temperature range for testing (from -90°C to + 90°C) and an experimental complex for investigating the stability of optical parameters of a fiber-optic cable with temperature changes in the range from + 18°C to + 76°C. A technology of sequential switching of optical fibers of a fiber-optic cable by means of welding is proposed, thanks to which the constructive problem of placing a long optical fiber in a limited volume of a heat chamber is solved. Measurement of changes in the attenuation of fiber-optic communication lines with a monotonic change in positive temperatures in the direction of increasing and decreasing temperature.

scholarly journals Using contactless methods of diagnostics of high electric fields

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
A. V. Golenischev-Kutuzov ◽  
D. A. Ivanov ◽  
A. A. Potapov ◽  
V. I. Krotov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Partial Discharges ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Diagnostic Device ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Remote Diagnostics

In the electric power industry of Russia and abroad, special attention is paid to the problem of an increase in the number of accidents caused by damage to high-voltage insulators in high-voltage equipment. An analysis of emergencies at substations and open switchgears [1- 2, 4] was carried out, which showed that in most cases the causes of damage to high-voltage insulators are natural aging in an applied electric field, overvoltage, and the presence of initial defects in the manufacture of high-voltage insulators. Based on this fact, we developed various methods of non-contact diagnostics of high-voltage insulators in order to identify defects at an early stage of their development. Particular attention was paid to the method of partial discharges because the characteristics of partial discharges provide information on the parameters of defects. The article describes a set of non-contact methods for remote diagnostics of high-voltage insulators; a two-channel method for remote diagnostics of the operating state of high-voltage insulators, based on the registration of partial discharges by electromagnetic and acoustic sensors; a device that allows visual inspection and the search for faulty high-voltage equipment; remote non-contact method for recording electric fields of high tension of industrial frequency, as well as their spatial orientation based on the electro-optical effect. We developed a mock-up of a portable diagnostic device for implementing research methods for high-voltage dielectric elements to diagnose their technical condition using the described complex of non-contact methods. The measuring device as part of a portable diagnostic device consists of a set of sensors for collecting diagnostic information detected by electromagnetic, acoustic and electro-optical sensors and a voltage phase signal applied to the studied highvoltage insulator. The simultaneous use of several sensors at once made it possible to increase the accuracy of localization of partial discharges in high-voltage insulators. Visualization of diagnostic results is possible at the control room in the form of amplitude-phase, frequencyphase and amplitude-frequency diagrams of the distribution of characteristics of partial discharges and on a portable device in the form of radiation intensity from the selected sensor. A portable diagnostic device made it possible in laboratory conditions to study electrophysical processes in various dielectric materials and products under the influence of strong alternating electric fields. A study was made of the features of defects on the rod and the terminal-terminal contact, a diagram of the electrophysical processes accompanying the emission of partial discharges was constructed, and the causes of their occurrence were established.

scholarly journals Application of plate with optical sensors in ship information systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Alexander Sergeevich Bordyug
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Optical Sensor ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Field Sensor ◽  
Optic Systems

The article considers application of fiber optic devices in many devices due to their small size and high accuracy. The new fiber optic devices are equipped with a Slab Coupled Fiber (SCF) system. The SCF method uses resonant coupling between an optical fiber and a plate waveguide to create an intra-fiber device. Devices manufactured with this technology consist of polarizers, filters and sensors. Fiber optic systems have been used in torque measurement systems in the oil and gas industry and in aerospace industry. Using this system on ships is more expensive in comparison with the technologies based on strain gauges. There is offered using inexpensive optical measuring system with plate optical sensors. SCF devices use D-shaped fiber as a platform. Plate optical sensor (SCOS) devices are based on the use of an electro-optical sensor. Today, a D-fiber coupled magnetic field sensor has been developed. The device combines a magneto-optical plate waveguide with a D-fiber to measure magnetic fields. The plate coupled magneto-optical sensor (MO-SCOS) measures magnetic fields up to 2 A/m. Due to its short length the sensor can display fields with a spatial resolution of 1 mm.

An Innovative Way to Measure Temperature by Using the Faraday Effect

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav Limaye ◽  
Anisur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Faraday Effect ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Magnetic Field Intensity ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Fiber Optic Cable ◽  
Optical Phenomenon

An innovative temperature sensor has been presented based on “Faraday Effect”. The Faraday Effect or the Faraday rotation is a magneto-optical phenomenon; that is, an interaction between electromagnetic wave and a magnetic field in a medium. Optical sensors based on the Faraday Effect have the advantages of simplicity, high electrical insulation and immunity to electromagnetic interference. We will be making use of an optical fiber and a permanent magnet as our sensing elements. The magnet will be the sensing element for change in temperature and the fiber optic cable will sense the change in magnetic field intensity corresponding to the change in temperature.

High Voltage Monitoring with a Fiber-Optic Recirculation Measuring System

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
A. V. Polyakov ◽  
M. A. Ksenofontov
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Measuring System
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