scholarly journals Optical Performance of Single Point-Focus Fresnel Lens Concentrator System for Multiple Multi-Junction Solar Cells—A Numerical Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4301
Author(s):  
Yassir A. Alamri ◽  
Saad Mahmoud ◽  
Raya Al-Dadah ◽  
Shivangi Sharma ◽  
J. N. Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Concave Lens

This paper investigates the potential of a new integrated solar concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system that uses a solo point focus Fresnel lens for multiple multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs). The proposed system comprises of an FL concentrator as the primary optical element, a multi-leg homogeniser as the secondary optical element (SOE), a plano-concave lens, and four MJSCs. A three-dimensional model of this system was developed using the ray tracing method to predict the influence of aperture width, height, and position with respect to MJSCs of different reflective and refractive SOE on the overall optical efficiency of the system and the irradiance uniformity achieved on the MJSCs’ surfaces. The results show that the refractive homogeniser using N-BK7 glass can achieve higher optical efficiency (79%) compared to the reflective homogeniser (57.5%). In addition, the peak to average ratio of illumination at MJSCs for the reflective homogeniser ranges from 1.07 to 1.14, while for the refractive homogeniser, it ranges from 1.06 to 1.34, causing minimum effects on the electrical performance of the MJSCs. The novelty of this paper is the development of a high concentration CPV system that integrates multiple MJSCs with a uniform distribution of rays, unlike the conventional CPV systems that utilise a single concentrator onto a single MJSC. The optical efficiency of the CPV system was also examined using both the types of homogeniser (reflective and refractive).

scholarly journals Novel Design of Primary Optical Elements Based on a Linear Fresnel Lens for Concentrator Photovoltaic Technology

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Pham ◽  
Ngoc Vu ◽  
Seoyong Shin
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Optical Path Length ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Optical Simulation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Efficiency

In this paper, we present a design and optical simulation of a novel linear Fresnel lens. The lens can be applied to a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system as a primary optical element (POE) to increase the concentration ratio and improve the uniformity of irradiance distribution over the receiver. In addition, the CPV system can use the proposed lens as a concentrator without involving a secondary optical element (SOE). The designed lens, which is a combination of two linear Fresnel lenses placed perpendicular to each other, can collect and distribute the direct sunlight on two dimensions. The lens is first designed in the MATLAB program, based on the edge ray theorem, Snell’s law, and the conservation of the optical path length, and then drawn in three dimensions (3D) by using LightToolsTM. Furthermore, in order to optimize the structure and investigate the performance of the lens, the ray tracing and the simulation are also performed in LightToolsTM. The results show that the newly designed lens can achieve a high concentration ratio of 576 times, a high optical efficiency of 82.4%, an acceptable tolerance of 0.84°, and high uniform irradiance of around 77% for both horizontal and vertical investigation lines over the receiver.

CPV Modules Based on Lens Panels

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.D. Rumyantsev ◽  
Yu.V. Ashcheulov ◽  
N.Yu. Davidyuk ◽  
E.A. Ionova ◽  
P.V. Pokrovskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Glass Sheet ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Back Side ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Small Aperture ◽  
Fresnel Lenses

A work on development of the high concentration photovoltaic (HCPV) modules with Fresnel lens panels and III-V multijunction cells is presented. A composite structure of the small-aperture area 40x40 (or 60x60) mm2 Fresnel lenses, united in a panel, was realized. A silicate glass sheet (front side of a module) serves as a superstrate for transparent microprisms formed in silicone. Small averaged thickness of the prisms ensures low IR absorption of sunlight in comparison with acrylic Fresnel lenses. Temperature dependences of the optical properties in such a type of the solar concentrators and PV properties of the cells in passive heat dissipation conditions are under consideration. The solar cells are the triple-junction InGaP/(In)GaAs/Ge cells with designated illumination area 1.7-2.3 mm in diameter. A HCPV module consists of the 144 (or 64) sub-modules in 12x12 (or 8x8) configuration. Solar cells are protected from environment in different ways: by side walls of a module body, or by a rear glass sheet at integrated sealing the cells in a back-side module panel. Module design includes refractive smooth-surface secondary lenses. The cell strings are glued to the rear glass surface of the module body using lamination process. Proper quality of the solar cells in a multistage module assembling procedure is ensured owing to specially developed contactless test method, based on analyzing the electroluminescent signals at local photoexitation. For arrangement of the HCPV modules in a solar installation, a number of the solar trackers have been developed and realized for 1-3-5 kWp of the installed power.

Design and Optimization of Microchannel Heat Sink for Densely Packed High Concentration Solar Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Y. M. Ali ◽  
Essam M. Abo-Zahhad ◽  
Ali Radwan ◽  
Hesham I. Elqady ◽  
M. F. El-Kady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Microchannel Heat Sink ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Solar Module

Abstract High cell operation temperature causes a significant reduction in cell efficiency. Besides, this high temperature reduces the cell lifespan and physical damages could happen due to thermal stresses. An advanced and efficient cooling scheme is obligatory to operate a high concentration solar module under its recommended operating conditions. The main objective of this work is to design and optimize a microchannel heat sink in terms of channel geometry for high concentration photovoltaic module works under high solar concentration for more efficient and uniform cooling. A complete three-dimensional model for the high concentrator photovoltaic module coupled with the microchannel heat sink is developed. A densely packed high concentration solar module consists of AZURSPACE product triple-junction solar cells (electrical efficiency is 43.2% at a cell temperature of 25 °C) is considered as a heat source in this work. The multi-objective optimization method is adopted to obtain the optimum channel dimensions. Both channel width and height are defined as variable parameters. The optimum design is obtained then its thermal performance is investigated under different working conditions. The results confirmed the ability of the optimized cooling device to offer efficient thermal management and uniform cooling for a densely packed high concentration solar module.

scholarly journals Improvement of Optical Performances Using the Hybrid CPV

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-245
Author(s):  
Sarah El Himer ◽  
◽  
Ali Ahaitouf ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Silicon Solar Cell ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Direct Radiation ◽  
Simulation Results

Hybrid Concentrated Photovoltaics (HCPVs) are systems in which additional low-cost silicone solar cells are added to take advantage of the power generated by the diffuse radiation lost when using only multi-junction cells that work only with direct radiation. The work has been tested by simulating the performance of a hybrid CPV system composed of a Fresnel lens associated with a pyramid, multi junction cell as well as additional silicon solar cells. This proposal is compared with an ordinary CPV system and a system based on only silicon solar cells. The simulation results show that the CPV makes it possible to have a high optical efficiency of 94% at the pyramid exit for direct radiation, but this high efficiency rapidly decreases to 0% for diffuse radiation. In this case, the silicon solar cell comes into the scene to converts these diffused or non-concentrated rays into electricity, with an optical efficiency of 85%. It was also found that the Hybrid CPV system was able to increase the power by 21% compared to the CPV system.

scholarly journals Optical Simulation and Experimental Verification of a Fresnel Solar Concentrator with a New Hybrid Second Optical Element

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiqiang Li ◽  
Yi Jin
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Deflection Angle ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Optical Simulation ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Solar Concentrators

Fresnel solar concentrator is one of the most common solar concentrators in solar applications. For high Fresnel concentrating PV or PV/T systems, the second optical element (SOE) is the key component for the high optical efficiency at a wider deflection angle, which is important for overcoming unavoidable errors from the tacking system, the Fresnel lens processing and installment technology, and so forth. In this paper, a new hybrid SOE was designed to match the Fresnel solar concentrator with the concentration ratio of 1090x. The ray-tracing technology was employed to indicate the optical properties. The simulation outcome showed that the Fresnel solar concentrator with the new hybrid SOE has a wider deflection angle scope with the high optical efficiency. Furthermore, the flux distribution with different deviation angles was also analyzed. In addition, the experiment of the Fresnel solar concentrator with the hybrid SOE under outdoor condition was carried out. The verifications from the electrical and thermal outputs were all made to analyze the optical efficiency comprehensively. The optical efficiency resulting from the experiment is found to be consistent with that from the simulation.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Optical Efficiency of Near-Eye Displays with Liquid Crystal Optics

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Tao Zhan ◽  
En-Lin Hsiang ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Shin-Tson Wu
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Berry Phase ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Liquid Crystal Polymer ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Crystal Polymer ◽  
Light Efficiency

We demonstrate a light efficient virtual reality (VR) near-eye display (NED) design based on a directional display panel and a diffractive deflection film (DDF). The DDF was essentially a high-efficiency Pancharatnam-Berry phase optical element made of liquid crystal polymer. The essence of this design is directing most of the display light into the eyebox. The proposed method is applicable for both catadioptric and dioptric VR lenses. A proof-of-concept experiment was conducted with off-the-shelf optical parts, where the light efficiency was enhanced by more than 2 times.

scholarly journals A comparative approach to enhance the electrical performance of PEDOT:PSS as transparent electrode for organic solar cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Ismail Borazan ◽  
Ayşe Celik Bedeloğlu ◽  
Ali Demir
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Transparent Electrode ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Butyric Acid Methyl Ester

In this article, the improvement in electrical performance of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the transparent electrode doped with different additives (ethylene glycol (EG), isopropyl alcohol) or treatment of sulfuric acid was enhanced that organic solar cells (OSCs) were produced by using poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester. OSCs were fabricated by the doped or treated PEDOT:PSS films as transparent electrodes. The photoelectrical measurements were carried out and the effects of doping or treatment were compared. As a result, EG-added PEDOT:PSS electrode showed the best power conversion efficiency value of 1.87% among the PEDOT:PSS anodes.

Solar Thermophotovoltaic Converters Based on Tungsten Emitters

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Andreev ◽  
A. S. Vlasov ◽  
V. P. Khvostikov ◽  
O. A. Khvostikova ◽  
P. Y. Gazaryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Spectrum ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Back Side ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Emitter System ◽  
Solar Powered

Results of a solar thermophotovoltaic (STPV) system study are reported. Modeling of the STPV module performance and the analysis of various parameters influencing the system are presented. The ways for the STPV system efficiency to increase and their magnitude are considered such as: improvement of the emitter radiation selectivity and application of selective filters for better matching the emitter radiation spectrum and cell photoresponse; application of the cells with a back side reflector for recycling the sub-band gap photons; and development of low-band gap tandem TPV cells for better utilization of the radiation spectrum. Sunlight concentrator and STPV modules were designed, fabricated, and tested under indoor and outdoor conditions. A cost-effective sunlight concentrator with Fresnel lens was developed as a primary concentrator and a secondary quartz meniscus lens ensured the high concentration ratio of ∼4000×, which is necessary for achieving the high efficiency of the concentrator–emitter system owing to trap escaping radiation. Several types of STPV modules have been developed and tested under concentrated sunlight. Photocurrent density of 4.5A∕cm2 was registered in a photoreceiver based on 1×1cm2GaSb cells under a solar powered tungsten emitter.

Irradiation Induced Changes in Semiconducting Thin Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
pp. 181-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Semiconductor Device ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Radiation Environment ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Semiconducting Thin Films

High-energy electron, proton, neutron, photon and ion irradiation of semiconductor diodes and solar cells has long been a topic of considerable interest in the field of semiconductor device fabrication. The inevitable damage production during the process of irradiation is used to study and engineer the defects in semiconductors. In a strong radiation environment in space, the electrical performance of solar cells is degraded due to direct exposure to energetically charged particles. A considerable amount of work has been reported on the study of radiation damage in various solar cell materials and devices in the recent past. In most cases, high-energy heavy ions damage the material by producing a large amount of extended defects, but high-energy light ions are suitable for producing and modifying the intrinsic point defects. The defects can play a variety of electronically active roles that affect the electrical, structural and optical properties of a semiconductor. This review article aims to present an overview of the advancement of research in the modification of glassy semiconducting thin films using different types of radiations (light, proton and swift heavy ions). The work which has been done in our laboratory related to irradiation induced effects in semiconducting thin films will also be compared with the existing literature.

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