scholarly journals AI and Data Democratisation for Intelligent Energy Management

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4341
Author(s):  
Vangelis Marinakis ◽  
Themistoklis Koutsellis ◽  
Alexandros Nikas ◽  
Haris Doukas
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Regulatory Constraints ◽  
Access Problems ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Right ◽  
Novel Applications

Despite the large number of technology-intensive organisations, their corporate know-how and underlying workforce skill are not mature enough for a successful rollout of Artificial Intelligence (AI) services in the near-term. However, things have started to change, owing to the increased adoption of data democratisation processes, and the capability offered by emerging technologies for data sharing while respecting privacy, protection, and security, as well as appropriate learning-based modelling capabilities for non-expert end-users. This is particularly evident in the energy sector. In this context, the aim of this paper is to analyse AI and data democratisation, in order to explore the strengths and challenges in terms of data access problems and data sharing, algorithmic bias, AI transparency, privacy and other regulatory constraints for AI-based decisions, as well as novel applications in different domains, giving particular emphasis on the energy sector. A data democratisation framework for intelligent energy management is presented. In doing so, it highlights the need for the democratisation of data and analytics in the energy sector, toward making data available for the right people at the right time, allowing them to make the right decisions, and eventually facilitating the adoption of decentralised, decarbonised, and democratised energy business models.

scholarly journals Legal and human rights-based approaches to healthy diets and sustainable food systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D W Patterson ◽  
K Buse ◽  
R Magnusson ◽  
B C A Toebes
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Sustainable Food Systems ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
The Right

Abstract Issue Malnutrition in all its forms poses daunting challenges to global health and development. The agriculture sector is a significant contributor to global warming. COVID-19 has pushed many people into poverty, including food poverty. A radical rethink of business models, food systems, civil society involvement, and national and international governance is required to address the interlinked crises of COVID-19, obesity, undernutrition, and climate change. International human rights law, institutions and mechanisms provide important opportunities for norm setting, advocacy and accountability. Yet these pathways are under-utilised by both governments and civil society. Description The global AIDS response demonstrated the power of a human rights-based approach. United Nations' HIV/AIDS and Human Rights Guidelines greatly influenced the global consensus for effective, evidence-based approaches. The Guidelines also informed resolutions of the UN General Assembly and its Human Rights Council, contributing to more affordable medicines, an unprecedented increase in people on treatment, less stigmatising health services, the empowerment of marginalised groups, and the institutionalisation of norms, including “no one left behind.” Human rights-based approaches have also been successfully utilised in tobacco control. Results In 2019, 180 experts from 38 countries published an open call on WHO and the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) to initiate an inclusive process to develop guidelines on human rights, healthy diets and sustainable food systems. Most signatories were from the health and development sectors, demonstrating the increasingly broad interest in using human rights mechanisms to address global health challenges. Lessons Opportunities exist to transform food systems and create healthier food environments and a healthier planet by clarifying existing international obligations to progressively realise the right to food and the right to health. Key messages Market forces, alone, are failing to deliver healthy diets and sustainable food systems. International legal frameworks and accountability mechanisms provide opportunities for engagement and action. Human rights guidelines can help mobilize multisectoral action, strengthen State and private sector accountability, and deepen community engagement in the urgent task of achieving Agenda 2030.

scholarly journals Ventilation/perfusion mismatch during lung aeration at birth

2014 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin A. R. Lang ◽  
James T. Pearson ◽  
Arjan B. te Pas ◽  
Megan J. Wallace ◽  
Melissa L. Siew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lung Aeration ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Iodine Level ◽  
Pulmonary Shunting ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Right

At birth, the transition to newborn life is triggered by lung aeration, which stimulates a large increase in pulmonary blood flow (PBF). Current theories predict that the increase in PBF is spatially related to ventilated lung regions as they aerate after birth. Using simultaneous phase-contrast X-ray imaging and angiography we investigated the spatial relationships between lung aeration and the increase in PBF after birth. Six near-term (30-day gestation) rabbits were delivered by caesarean section, intubated and an intravenous catheter inserted, before they were positioned for X-ray imaging. During imaging, iodine was injected before ventilation onset, after ventilation of the right lung only, and after ventilation of both lungs. Unilateral ventilation increased iodine levels entering both left and right pulmonary arteries (PAs) and significantly increased heart rate, iodine ejection per beat, diameters of both left and right PAs, and number of visible vessels in both lungs. Within the 6th intercostal space, the mean gray level (relative measure of iodine level) increased from 68.3 ± 11.6 and 70.3 ± 7.5%·s to 136.3 ± 22.6 and 136.3 ± 23.7%·s in the left and right PAs, respectively. No differences were observed between vessels in the left and right lungs, despite the left lung not initially being ventilated. The increase in PBF at birth is not spatially related to lung aeration allowing a large ventilation/perfusion mismatch, or pulmonary shunting, to occur in the partially aerated lung at birth.

scholarly journals Multidexterity: Combining Competing Business Models in Transforming Economies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Robert Demir ◽  
Duncan Angwin
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Regulatory Constraints ◽  
Entry Strategies ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
European Healthcare ◽  
Practice Approach ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT In an attempt to respond to recent calls for better understanding the coexistence of multiple business models, we develop the concept of ‘multidexterity’ – the ability to develop, nurture, and execute several distinctive BM strategies simultaneously across different levels and functions of the MNC and its host markets. To illustrate this approach, we describe a European healthcare firm entering the rapidly transforming economy of China and facing regulatory constraints and ambiguities in the application of industry standards. This situation is a generic challenge for MNCs entering rapidly transforming economies, which they help in turn to substantially alter and develop. We argue multidextrous business models are effective entry strategies for MNCs. They also help resolve two conceptual limitations in the BMI literature: (1) the problem of environmental contingencies and (2) the interrelatedness of factors at the macro, meso, and micro levels. We address these problems from a practice approach. We provide some implications for the concept of multidexterity and business models and address managerial challenges and prospects in developing multidextrous organizations.

scholarly journals Post-Workshop Report for Plug-N-Harvest Modular Façade Retrofit Workshop on Sustainable Places 2019

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Du ◽  
Streblow ◽  
Montalbá ◽  
Sendra
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Management System ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Energy Management System ◽  
Workshop Report ◽  
Horizon 2020

As part of the European Commission Horizon 2020 Plug-N-Harvest project consortium, authors hosted a 90-minute workshop to discuss issues related the modular façade retrofit development in Europe on Sustainable Places 2019 conference at Cagliari, Italy on 6th June 2019. This post-workshop report outlined research outputs presented by four speakers from Cardiff University, RWTH Aachen University, ETRA I+D and Eco Intelligent Growth. It also presented the key information discussed during the workshop. The representatives from about ten H2020 projects joined the discussions. Workshop participants provided technical suggestions on façade design, user interface development for the energy management system, circular economy business models for modular façade and consortium building. The representatives agreed that strengthening the synergy among different Horizon 2020 projects would be a benefit for all.

Access and Logistics Challenges in Mountain Terrain Pipeline Projects

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark McDougall ◽  
Ken Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Regulatory Constraints ◽  
The Right

Oil and gas production in Canada’s west has led to the need for a significant increase in pipeline capacity to reach export markets. Current proposals from major oil and gas transportation companies include numerous large diameter pipelines across the Rocky Mountains to port locations on the coast of British Columbia (BC), Canada. The large scale of these projects and the rugged terrain they cross lead to numerous challenges not typically faced with conventional cross-country pipelines across the plains. The logistics and access challenges faced by these mountain pipeline projects require significant pre-planning and assessment, to determine the timing, cost, regulatory and environmental impacts. The logistics of pipeline construction projects mainly encompasses the transportation of pipe and pipeline materials, construction equipment and supplies, and personnel from point of manufacture or point of supply to the right-of-way (ROW) or construction area. These logistics movement revolve around the available types of access routes and seasonal constraints. Pipeline contractors and logistics companies have vast experience in moving this type of large equipment, however regulatory constraints and environmental restrictions in some locations will lead to significant pre-planning, permitting and additional time and cost for material movement. In addition, seasonal constraints limit available transportation windows. The types of access vary greatly in mountain pipeline projects. In BC, the majority of off-highway roads and bridges were originally constructed for the forestry industry, which transports logs downhill whereas the pipeline industry transports large equipment and pipeline materials in both directions and specifically hauls pipe uphill. The capacity, current state and location of these off-highway roads must be assessed very early in the process to determine viability and/or potential options for construction access. Regulatory requirements, environmental restrictions, season of use restrictions and road design must all be considered when examining the use of or upgrade of existing access roads and bridges. These same restrictions are even more critical to the construction of new access roads and bridges. The logistics and access challenges facing the construction of large diameter mountain pipelines in Western Canada can be managed with proper and timely planning. The cost of the logistics and access required for construction of these proposed pipeline projects will typically be greater than for traditional pipelines, but the key constraint is the considerable time requirement to construct the required new access and pre-position the appropriate material to meet the construction schedule. The entire project team, including design engineers, construction and logistics planners, and material suppliers must be involved in the planning stages to ensure a cohesive strategy and schedule. This paper will present the typical challenges faced in access and logistics for large diameter mountain pipelines, and a process for developing a comprehensive plan for their execution.

Green energy management in India for environmental benchmarking: from concept to practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1329-1349
Author(s):  
Deepak Sangroya ◽  
Gaurav Kabra ◽  
Yatish Joshi ◽  
Mohit Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Potential ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

PurposeThis study examines various aspects of green energy management operations in India and reports the current state, potential avenues and barriers for green energy management.Design/methodology/approachThis study performs an extensive literature review and covers the several aspects of green energy management operations.FindingsThe findings report the current state of various aspects of green energy management operations such as: procurement, manufacturing and distribution and provides the viable business models. It further explains the various facilitators and barriers of green energy management and reports the opportunities and challenges that exist in developing and managing green energy supply chain.Originality/valueThe study is pioneer in providing a comprehensive view of developing and managing green energy operations in India. The study is useful to various organisations on drafting strategies to effectively adopt and manage green energy. The study is also useful in policy formulation for promoting green energy use. This article also set as a base for future researchers working in the area of green energy.

scholarly journals Protecting Sensitive Data with Secure Data Enclaves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Howison ◽  
Mintaka Angell ◽  
Michael Hicklen ◽  
Justine S. Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Data Use ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Data Owner ◽  
Secure Data ◽  
Amazon Web Services

A Secure Data Enclave is a system that allows data owners to control data access and ensure data security while facilitating approved uses of data by other parties. This model of data use offers additional protections and technical controls for the data owner compared to the more commonly used approach of transferring data from the owner to another party through a data sharing agreement. Under the data use model, the data owner retains full transparency and auditing over the other party’s access, which can be difficult to achieve in practice with even the best legal instrument for data sharing. We describe the key technical requirements for a Secure Data Enclave and provide a reference architecture for its implementation on the Amazon Web Services platform using managed cloud services.

scholarly journals Customer experience management: asking the right questions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Hodgkinson ◽  
Thomas W. Jackson ◽  
Andrew A. West
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Customer Experience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Data ◽  
Customer Experience Management ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Right

Purpose Customer experience is more critical than ever to firms’ successes and future growth opportunities. Typically measured through aggregate satisfaction scores, businesses have been criticized for oversimplifying what experience means. The purpose of this study is to provide a new perspective on experience management and offers a novel way forward for customer-centric strategizing. Design/methodology/approach Mapping the current digital technologies being used across businesses in all sectors to engage and connect with customers more effectively, this paper outlines some of the fundamental challenges of experience management and future opportunities to enhance business practice. Findings Businesses are capturing what they know about customers, rather than what a customer thinks and feels about the firm. Many experience management initiatives create customer pains (not gains), while for businesses, decision-making can be jeopardized by fake customer data. A framework based upon the five experience dimensions is presented for optimal customer-driven decision-making. Practical implications Going beyond aggregate satisfaction scores that serve as an output rather than an input into businesses strategizing, the paper presents an actionable framework for targeted investments and enhanced experience management practices. Originality/value Businesses are seeking to grow intelligent customer experience analysis capabilities to disrupt traditional business models toward greater customer-centricity and to track the digital spread of positive and negative experiences. Examining how this is being done and where the weaknesses lie by bridging management practice and the scientific literature, this paper provides new knowledge to advance customer-centric strategies for growth and profitability.

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