scholarly journals Effects of Intercropping on Fractal Dimension and Physicochemical Properties of Soil in Karst Areas

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1422
Author(s):  
Qinqin Xu ◽  
Kangning Xiong ◽  
Yongkuan Chi
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Suitable soil structure and nutrient security are important for plant growth and development. The fractal dimension of soil, along with the distribution of physical and chemical properties and their interactions, plays an important role in studying the stability of soil structures and water and fertilizer cycles. As a sustainable management model, intercropping has positive benefits for erosion control, the spatial optimization of resources, and improving system productivity. The effects of four intercropping methods on the fractal dimension and physicochemical properties of soil were investigated by intercropping Salvia miltiorrhiza with forage and S. miltiorrhiza with forest under typical karst rock desertification habitats in Guizhou. The results showed that the soil nutrient content when intercropping was significantly higher than that of monoculture. The organic carbon content of soil grown under forest is higher than other treatments, and there was a non-significant change in soil water content when intercropping compared with monoculture. The soil fine-grained matter when intercropping was significantly higher than that of monoculture, while the soil fractal dimension showed a tendency to become larger with an increase in fine-grained matter. Intercropping planting, due to its component types and spatial and temporal configurations, leads to differences in soil water and fertilizer interactions, which can be combined with other ecological restoration measures to optimize the composite model and jointly promote the restoration and development of ecologically fragile areas.

scholarly journals Effects of Intercropping on Soil Fractal Dimension and Physicochemical Properties in the Karst Areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin qin Xu ◽  
Kang ning Xiong ◽  
Yong kuan Chi
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Fine Grained

Suitable soil structure and nutrient security are important for plant growth and development, characteristics of soil fractal dimension and distribution of physical and chemical properties and their interactions play an important role in studying the stability of soil structure and water and fertilizer cycles. As a sustainable management model, intercropping has positive benefits for erosion control, spatial optimization of resources, as well as improving system productivity. The effects of four intercropping methods on soil fractal dimension and physicochemical properties were investigated by intercropping Salvia miltiorrhiza with forage and S. miltiorrhiza with forest under typical karst rock desertification habitats in Guizhou. The results showed that soil nutrient content of intercropping was significantly higher than that of monoculture, the organic carbon content of soil grown under forest is higher than other treatments, and there was a non-significant change in soil water content of intercropping compared with monoculture. The soil fine-grained matter of intercropping was significantly higher than that of monoculture, while the soil fractal dimension showed a tendency to become larger with the increase of fine-grained matter. The intercropping planting, due to its component types and spatial and temporal configurations, leads to differences in soil water and fertilizer interactions, which can be combined with other ecological restoration measures to optimize the composite model and jointly promote the restoration and development of ecologically fragile areas.

Effect of centrifuge conditions on water and total dissolved phosphorus extraction from soil

Soil Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Toifl ◽  
David Nash ◽  
Felicity Roddick ◽  
Nichola Porter
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Extraction ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Soil Water Extraction ◽  
Single Set ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Centrifugation of soils to extract soil water is widely used to investigate the chemical properties of soil water. However, no single set of standard operating conditions in terms of centrifuge time and speed have been defined. This study investigated centrifuge conditions on the effect of volume of soil water and phosphorus concentrations extracted to determine a set of standard operating conditions that could be used for soil water extraction in the future.Two contrasting soils that had been dried and rewet, a Ferrosol and a Dermosol, were used to investigate centrifuge speed (1000–3000 r.p.m.) and centrifuge time (5–30 min) on the extraction of soil water. Centrifuge speeds of 1000, 2000, and 3000 r.p.m. were trialed in this study giving relative centrifugal forces of 220, 881, and 1982g respectively. Increasing centrifuge time significantly increased (P < 0.001) the volume of soil water extracted. Almost twice as much soil water was extracted when the centrifuge time was increased from 5 to 30 min. Centrifuge speed was also a highly significant factor (P < 0.001) in increasing the volume of soil water extracted. The amount of soil water extracted increased by up to 15% when the centrifuge speed was increased from 1000 to 3000 r.p.m.The concentration of total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) did not change significantly with either centrifuge speed or time. The most important factor in determining the concentration of TDP was the soil type.The conditions that gave an adequate volume of soil water for analyses from field-moist soils in the shortest amount of time were a centrifuge force of 1982g and a time of 10 min.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Sources of Fertilization on Chemical Properties of Soil Under Cassava Cultivation in Western Pará, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Marcelo Laranjeira Pimentel ◽  
Iolanda Maria Soares Reis ◽  
Victor Sousa Portela ◽  
Maria Lita Padinha Correa Romano ◽  
Carlos Ivan Aguilar Vildoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Nutrient management becomes essential in soils with low natural fertility, so the use of organic fertilizers can improve chemical properties of soil and reduce production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different fertilization sources on the chemical properties of soil under cassava cultivation. The experiment was conducted between 2017/2018 in the community of Boa Esperan&ccedil;a, Santar&eacute;m-PA using the cultivar Bem-te-vi, in the randomized block design with 4 treatments: T1 (without fertilization), T2 (fertilization NPK), T3 (organic fertilization with poultry manure), T4 (fertilization with cattle manure), with 5 replicates. The soil samples were analyzed for the contents K+, Ca&sup2;+, pH in H2O and KCl, Al&sup3;+ and soil organic carbon content (TOC). The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability, using the software MINITAB&copy; version 18. There were statistical differences between the treatments for all the chemical properties analyzed. The findings of the analysis were that fertilization with catle manure and NPK were the same and differed from the other treatments for the contents of K+, pH in H2O and KCl, for Ca&sup2;+ and TOC. The treatment without fertilization obtained the lowest values differing from the others, for Al&sup3;+. The source from NPK obtained the lowest content in the soil. The treatments with organic fertilizers had higher levels of the above nutrients in the soil. The chemical properties of the soil were altered from the different management systems for the cultivation of cassava.

scholarly journals Phosphatase activities of spruce stand soils after serpentinite fertilisation in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilisers

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Kazimierz Januszek ◽  
Tomasz Wanic ◽  
Stanisław Małek
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Mineral Horizon ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Forest District ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the condition of soil after serpentine fertilisation by determining the activity of phosphatase and some physicochemical properties of soil. The study was conducted in southern Poland in the Wisła Forest District (49°8’12.92N 18°58’56.36E). The following variants: C - control - no fertiliser; S - ground serpentinite; SN - serpentinite + nitrogen; SP - ground serpentinite + P; SNP - ground serpentinite + NP; SNPK - ground serpentinite + NP (as above) + K. Fertilisation of serpentinite stimulates the activity of phosphatase in soil under spruce stands. The positive impact is reflected in the organic horizon. Less activity was noted in the humus-mineral horizon (AE) in all the fertiliser combinations three years after the fertilisation. Fertilisation of serpentinite improves the chemical properties - pH was increased, reduction of molar ratio of exchangeable calcium to magnesium form was noted.

scholarly journals Effects of Crop and Grass Intercropping on the Soil Environment in the Karst Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5484
Author(s):  
Qinqin Xu ◽  
Kangning Xiong ◽  
Yongkuan Chi ◽  
Shuzhen Song
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Karst Area

The karst area in Southwest China is facing the challenges of environmental degradation and agricultural safety. Intercropping is a green and efficient planting mode that can make full use of the differences in crops’ physiological and ecological characteristics and land and climate resources while considering the environmental and yield benefits. This study selected five treatments: Salvia miltiorrhiza monoculture, Dactylis glomerata intercropped with S. miltiorrhiza, Cichorium intybus intercropped with S.miltiorrhiza, Trifolium repens intercropped with S.miltiorrhiza, and Lolium perenne intercropped with S.miltiorrhiza. Using one-way ANOVA, principle component analysis (PCA), and linear correlation analysis, we analyzed the changes in the soil physicochemical factors and the coupling relationship between them in the intercropping mode. The results showed that at different soil depths, the soil bulk density in the intercropping mode was significantly lower than that in the single cropping mode (p < 0.05), and the soil water content and total porosity were significantly increased (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in soil pH among the five models (p > 0.05), the content of soil organic matter was significantly higher than that in the single cropping mode (p < 0.05), and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus also showed different changes. The correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the pH and soil physical properties (p > 0.05); bulk density and chemical properties were negatively correlated, while the soil water content, field water-holding capacity, and total porosity were significantly positively correlated with the chemical properties (p > 0.05). Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the management of agricultural grass intercropping, improve soil pore structure, regulate the distribution of soil water and fertilizer, and improve the resilience of agricultural systems in the karst area of southwest China.

Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil and Mineral Composition of Plants as Affected by Fox Nut-Based Cropping Systems

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.S. Singh ◽  
◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
A.K. Thakur ◽  
A.K. Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Available N ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Water Chestnut ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Euryale Ferox ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Foxnut (Euryale ferox Salisb.) is exclusively an aquatic crop and generally grown naturally in non-saline wetland areas having stagnant water. Prolonged submergence in lowlands impedes the cultivation of most field crops except few one such as rice. For enhancing the system productivity, crop diversification technology needs to be adopted in wetland/aquatic ecosystems as well. In present study fox nut-based eight different crop rotations, viz. fox nut-fox nut, fox nut-rice, fox nut-wheat, fox nut-berseem, fox nut-water chestnut, fox nut-rice-wheat, fox nut-rice-berseem and fox nut-water chestnut-berseem were followed consecutively for three years (2012-13 to 2015-16). The pooled data showed that fox nut-water chestnut-berseem cropping system had more organic carbon, available N, P and K to the tune of 25 %, 14.75 %, 26.66 % and 6.80 %, respectively over the fox nut-fox nut cropping system. The soils under fox nut-rice-berseem cropping system had the highest concentration of DTPA Cu (1.82 mg kg-1) and Zn (0.35 mg kg-1). Fox nut and water chestnut retained the highest tissue concentrations of the less soluble Fe and Mn and P, Cu and Zn. The results indicated that adoption of fox nut-water chestnut-berseem cropping system significantly improved the fertility status of soil in the aquatic low land ecosystem.

scholarly journals Hydraulic Properties and Their Dependence on Physico-chemical Properties of Soils: A Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Seema . ◽  
Rita Dahiya ◽  
V. K. Phogat ◽  
H. S. Sheoran
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils

In the present day context, the knowledge of the soil, water and its movement in the soil has key importance for optimum plant growth as well as having practical inferences in agricultural, hydrological and ecological situations. Hydraulic properties of soils play a significant role in the adoption of water management strategies capable of improving resource use efficiency and alleviating production constraints of soils worldwide. Hydraulic conductivity is the most important hydraulic parameter to regulate the flow and transport related phenomena in soil. Hence, there is a need for accurate and adequate information regarding the hydraulic properties in relation to soil physico-chemical properties. The aim of this paper is to extend the relationship between the hydraulic properties and other soil physico-chemical properties of soils. Many studies around the world reveal the effect of texture, soil organic carbon content, bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, aggregate stability index and soil water holding capacity on hydraulic properties of soils.

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